雷达软件测试文档追踪系统的关键技术研究

雷达软件规模日益庞大,其软件测试也变得非常复杂,测试需求追踪逐步变成非常困难的任务,目前急需解决雷达软件中测试需求追踪管理、文档自动生成等问题。通过对软件测试需求的识别与定位、软件测试任务的分派,实现了雷达软件测试需求的跟踪、追溯,以及按标准模板产生相应的文档,重点对实现该追踪系统的关键技术进行了分析和描述。     

Defining the meaning of tabular mathematical expressions

Mathematical expressions in tabular form (also called “tabular expressions” or “tables”) have been shown to be useful for documenting and analysing software systems. They are usually easier to read than conventional mathematical expressions but are no less precise. They can be used wherever mathematical expressions are used. To avoid misunderstandings, and to support users with trustworthy tools, the meaning of these expressions must be fully defined.This paper presents a new method for defining the meaning of tabular expressions. Each definition of an expression type names the expression’s constituents, and provides a restriction schema and one or more evaluation schemas. The restriction schema defines the class of well-formed expressions of the type. An evaluation schema maps a well-formed tabular expression of the type to a mathematical expression of a previously defined type. Since the meaning of conventional mathematical expressions is well known, describing an equivalent expression fully defines the meaning of a tabular expression.In this approach, indexation is used to decouple the appearance of a tabular expression from its semantics. A tabular expression is an indexed set of grids; a grid is an indexed set of expressions. The expressions in a grid can be either conventional expressions or tabular expressions of a previously defined type.Defining the meaning of a tabular expression in this way facilitates the building of tools that faithfully implement the semantics. The decoupling of syntax and semantics by means of indices overcomes some limitations of older approaches.The method presented in the paper is illustrated by defining several previously known types of tabular expressions and some new ones. The use of the new model to build a suite of tools for the input, presentation, validation, evaluation, simplification, conversion and composition of tabular expressions is discussed.     

基于编档的体系结构视图冲突检测方法

软件体系结构由不同的视图组成,每个视图包含不同的体系结构关注点.在软件工程领域中,如何对这些视图进行比对和合并是一项非常重要的研究工作.然而,目前视图比对的主要研究都着眼于视图元素之间的比对,因而并不能有效地发现视图之间的隐含冲突.主要原因是由于不同视图背后隐含着不同的关注点,而关注点之间的冲突并不能显式地在视图中表现出来,因此仅作视图元素比对不能发现这种隐含冲突.针对该问题,提出了一种基于编档的体系结构视图隐含冲突检测方法.在该方法中,通过对设计方法进行建模来捕获体系结构关注点和视图之间的关联关系;以软件体系结构文档作为通用平台,通过4个连续的活动来检测关注点之间的隐含关系;为了支持方法的自动化,就其中出现的关系给出了一套数学定义.     

GaiaDoc： A Tool Focused on Business Requirements for Code Documentation with a CMMI Compliant and RUP Based on Requirement Flow

Aiming to fill a gap in traditional methods of source code documentation, which focus mainly on the API （application programming interface） documentation for other programmers, this article presents a new approach for business requirements, mapping them through a set of annotations. These annotations, in turn, are interpreted by the GaiaDoc tool, which is specified in this paper and is able to generate documentation in form of use case specifications in a language and format easily understandable by the project stakeholders. Along with the GaiaDoc tool proposal, a RUP （rational unified process） based requirements flow is developed to fit with its needs and it is validated through CMMI （capability maturity model integration） requirement process areas and a case study of the proposed methodology＇s application is presented before the final considerations.     

冶金工程总承包项目档案管理

以某120万t冷轧薄板总承包项目档案管理工作为例,对该项目档案管理工作的特点,各单位档案管理职责,以及管理过程中存在的问题进行了研究分析,并对改进冶金工程总承包项目档案管理工作提出建议,为完善工程总承包项目档案管理制度提供参考。     

Assessment of the minimalist approach to computer user documentation

The minimalist approach (Carroll, 1990a) advocates the development of a radically different type of manual when compared to a conventional one. For example, the manual should proceed almost directly to procedural skills development rather than building a conceptual model first. It ought to focus on authentic tasks practised in context, as opposed to mock exercises and isolated practice. In addition, it should stimulate users to exploit their knowledge and thinking, as opposed to imposing the writer's view and discussing everything that users should see or know.

In the first part of the paper the construction of a tutorial based on the minimalist principles is described. A parallel is drawn with constructivism with which minimalism shares important notions of instruction. In the second part, an experiment is described in which the minimal manual was tested against a conventional one. The outcome favoured the new manual. For example, minimal manual users completed about 50% more tasks successfully on a performance test and displayed significantly more self-reliance (e.g. more self-initiated error-recoveries, and fewer manual consultations).     

利用ORACLE RDBS实现工程文档管理

ＳＣＯＵＮＩＸＳＹＳＴＥＭＶ／３８６是目前非常流行的多用户操作系统，而ＯＲＡＣＬＥ关系数据库管理系统是目前世界上最流行的高性能数据库管理系统之一，基于上述系统开发了工程文档管理。文章论述了工程文档管理实现过程，并详细介绍了利用ＵＮＩＸＳｈｅｌｌ及ＰＲＯ＊Ｃ实现文档查询的特点。     

Making XML document markup international

In name and in practice, the World‐Wide Web (hereafter Web) is used around the World beyond English‐speaking areas. This creates a tremendous need to internationalize standard terminology used in the technologies that make the Web possible. Existing efforts on XML internationalization (i18n) and localization (i10n) have focused on the content of XML documents instead of the terms used in markup (annotations) such as elements and attributes. The SGML standard ISO 8879 supports the use of Unicode (ISO 10646) throughout a document, including markups. However, most elements and attributes of XML documents are still defined in English, thereby limiting their use among non‐English speakers. This paper presents an XSLT‐based method that can completely localize the markup of XML documents into different natural languages. We also describe how the proposed technique can be applied to translation problems in programming (e.g. C and Java) or documentation (e.g. LAT_EX or other formatting languages) so that a program or a document can be converted to and from an XML format. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

浅谈电力建设总承包项目的文件物资管理体系

总承包项目因为承担了工程的EPC任务，构建快速可靠的工程管理平台十分重要。由于承包商承担了设计和采购供货的责任，在项目团队内部需要设计图纸、设备材料供应状况进行信息化管理。采用数据库型式的局域网开放系统是国际上通行的做法，利用现在计算机网络的便利，使以上信息在项目部成为可广泛获得的资源，将设计交付件信息、设备材料信息、与业主和其他方的往来信函及时输入到设计数据库形成一个动态的信息源，不但可以了解信息的设计采购情况，而且可以对现场的施工给予支持。     

Multilingual Document Production From Support for Translating to Support for Authoring

In this paper, we look at the current scenario in multilingual documentation generation and the types of tools currently being used in support of the translation task, and discuss their shortcomings. We examine emergent trends in the document industry, observing a reorganisation of the workflow which mirrors a shift of attention from translating to authoring and from the ergonomics of post-editing the target text to the ergonomics of producing the source text. We argue that these trends invite the design and development of new tools for the task of producing multilingual texts, and that multilingual generation provides the appropriate technology, shifting attention to an even earlier stage in the authoring process, that of specifying the semantics of the text to be produced. We describe a prototype system which exploits this technology to meet the expressed needs of authors and translators by supporting them in the drafting of multilingual instructions. We suggest that, in the future, a single platform to support multilingual documentation should integrate translation-oriented tools and generation-based tools to be employed as appropriate by different types of users (translators and authors) in different circumstances.