Spatial ecology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Lake Winnipeg and its potential for management actions

Common carp feeding and spawning behaviours negatively impact the functioning of marsh ecosystems. In the Netley-Libau Marsh, situated on the southern end of Lake Winnipeg, water level regulations, nonpoint source nutrient pollution, and the non-native common carp are thought to be the main contributors to the degradation of the marsh habitat. Using acoustic telemetry, we analysed the movement rate, frequency and timing of suspected spawning migrations, spatial ecology, and aggregation of common carp in the Lake Winnipeg drainage over a three year time period. Common carp moved the farthest during the open water period when water temperature was >5 °C. Their annual migration into Netley-Libau Marsh was correlated to ordinal date. Common carp left the marsh in late spring/early summer, presumably feeding in Lake Winnipeg, before moving to overwintering sites situated in Traverse Bay and Lake Winnipeg, where they arrived typically by October and formed aggregations. These findings will inform habitat and fisheries managers in the effort to undertake evidence-based management actions. The predictability of the movements and the tendency for common carp to aggregate indicates that exclusion techniques and commercial fishing may represent viable management solutions.     

Genome-Wide Analysis Identified a Set of Conserved lncRNAs Associated with Domestication-Related Traits in Rice

Crop domestication, which gives rise to a number of desirable agronomic traits, represents a typical model system of plant evolution. Numerous genomic evidence has proven that noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as protein-coding genes, are selected during crop domestication. However, limited data shows plant long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also involved in this biological process. In this study, we performed strand-specific RNA sequencing of cultivated rice Oryza sativa ssp. japonica and O. sativa ssp. indica, and their wild progenitor O. rufipogon. We identified a total of 8528 lncRNAs, including 4072 lncRNAs in O. rufipogon, 2091 lncRNAs in japonica rice, and 2365 lncRNAs in indica rice. The lncRNAs expressed in wild rice were revealed to be shorter in length and had fewer exon numbers when compared with lncRNAs from cultivated rice. We also identified a number of conserved lncRNAs in the wild and cultivated rice. The functional study demonstrated that several of these conserved lncRNAs are associated with domestication-related traits in rice. Our findings revealed the feature and conservation of lncRNAs during rice domestication and will further promote functional studies of lncRNAs in rice.     

野性的抗争与奔放的激情——试论东北精神对白朗早期短篇小说创作的影响

白朗是上世纪三十年代东北作家群中成就较高的女作家.她的早期创作以反映伪满时期东北人民的痛苦生活和英勇抗争为主要题材,以野性的抗争和奔放的激情展现了东北文化强有力的生命意识和壮怀激烈的英雄主义情怀,体现着浓烈的东北文学创作的特质和意蕴.     

First evidence of grass carp recruitment in the Great Lakes Basin

We use aging techniques, ploidy analysis, and otolith microchemistry to assess whether four grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella captured from the Sandusky River, Ohio were the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin. All four fish were of age 1 +. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that these fish were not aquaculture-reared and that they were most likely the result of successful reproduction in the Sandusky River. First, at least two of the fish were diploid; diploid grass carp cannot legally be released in the Great Lakes Basin. Second, strontium:calcium (Sr:Ca) ratios were elevated in all four grass carp from the Sandusky River, with elevated Sr:Ca ratios throughout the otolith transect, compared to grass carp from Missouri and Arkansas ponds. This reflects the high Sr:Ca ratio of the Sandusky River, and indicates that these fish lived in a high-strontium environment throughout their entire lives. Third, Sandusky River fish were higher in Sr:Ca ratio variability than fish from ponds, reflecting the high but spatially and temporally variable strontium concentrations of southwestern Lake Erie tributaries, and not the stable environment of pond aquaculture. Fourth, Sr:Ca ratios in the grass carp from the Sandusky River were lower in their 2011 growth increment (a high water year) than the 2012 growth increment (a low water year), reflecting the observed inverse relationship between discharge and strontium concentration in these rivers. We conclude that these four grass carp captured from the Sandusky River are most likely the result of natural reproduction within the Lake Erie Basin.     

超声处理对鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白性质的影响

以鲢鱼为原料,研究了超声处理对鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白性质的影响．结果表明：经超声处理后,肌原纤维蛋白的溶解度、起泡性及泡沫稳定性、乳化性及乳化稳定性、热稳定性均随超声时间的延长先提高后下降,且随超声频率的增大而提高．超声处理15min后,与未经超声处理的蛋白相比,80kHz作用下的蛋白溶解度提高了37．59％,起泡性和泡沫稳定性分别提高了59．16％和56．09％,乳化性和乳化稳定性分别提高了51．11％和53．84％,热稳定性提高了32．59％．经超声处理后,鲢鱼肉肌原纤维蛋白的性质可以得到有效的改善．     

野生植物咸虾花营养成分的研究及应用

对野生植物咸虾花的营养成分进行了分析,结果表明,咸虾花中含有多种营养成分,丰富的矿质元素和维生素及其β-胡萝卜素.咸虾花中至少含有17种氨基酸.旨在为开发利用植物资源提供科学依据.     

鲤鱼(Cyprinus Carpio) 促性腺激素基因的克隆、原核表达及多克隆抗体制备

采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)方法,从鲤鱼脑垂体获得了两种GtH β亚基的cDNA, 克隆在pMD18-T载体.经测序确证后,将这两个基因克隆到原核表达载体pET -32(a)中,转化E.coli表达菌BL21(DE3),以IPTG诱导融合蛋白的高效表达.利用初步纯化后的抗原免疫新西兰大白兔,制备多克隆抗体.应用制备的兔抗血清与抽提的鲤鱼脑垂体的总蛋白分别进行Western-blot及ELISA分析,结果显示获得的多抗能特异识别各自的天然蛋白.该结果为纯化天然GtH蛋白提供了有效的检测手段,为进一步制备GtH单克隆抗体奠定了基础.     

大兴安岭地区小水电资源的开发与利用

介绍了大兴安岭地区小水电资源的基本情况及重点开发的小水电建设项目；分析了开发小水电资源的可行性及其效益。     

基于GC-IMS技术分析留兰香薄荷及其饲喂草鱼的挥发性组分

为了区分留兰香薄荷茎叶饲喂草鱼与对照草鱼肌肉挥发性组分的不同,作者以鱼-花（薄荷）共生闭环系统中的新鲜留兰香薄荷（Mentha spicata L.）茎叶按鱼体质量的10%配合常规饲料饲喂草鱼,利用气相色谱-离子迁移谱技术测定留兰香薄荷及薄荷饲喂草鱼、对照草鱼的挥发性有机物（Volatile organic compounds,VOCs）指纹图谱,并进行定性分析。研究发现,在留兰香薄荷茎叶中可检测到VOCs 129种,可定性的以醇、酮和醛类为主的VOCs有30种,其中叶片中含量相对较多;在薄荷饲喂草鱼和对照草鱼中检测到VOCs 83种,能定性出45种;由指纹图谱结合定性分析发现,薄荷饲喂草鱼中双戊烯、苯乙醇、芳樟醇等含量比对照草鱼的高,而具有臭味的邻甲酚以及海水味、腥臭味的反式-2-戊烯醛含量大幅降低,且检测到留兰香薄荷VOCs中有6种芳樟醇、异戊醛向其饲喂草鱼中转移明显,使原有的2-甲基丁酸乙酯、2-乙基呋喃的含量大幅降低;进一步通过主成分分析证实,薄荷饲喂草鱼与对照草鱼之间VOCs差异显著,可以各自聚为一类。结果表明,留兰香薄荷叶片中VOCs的含量远高于茎;薄荷饲喂草鱼VOCs的含...