铝箔皱折缺陷的分析

介绍了铝箔生产过程中皱折缺陷的形貌、分布,分析了皱折产生的原因,探讨了减少皱折缺陷的措施。     

天然胶乳浸渍制品表面起皱的研究

对用化学方法制备的天然胶乳浸渍制品表面起皱进行了研究。分析了天然胶乳浸渍制品表面起皱的原理，确定了起皱剂的选择．同时对影响起皱的因素(增稠剂、预干燥规律)进行了研究。     

Wrinkling of epoxy powder coatings

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical profilometry were used to study wrinkle formation in curing epoxy powder coatings. Powder coating formulations were studied that contained solid epoxy resins, methylene disalicylic acid (MDSA) crosslinker, and an amine‐blocked Lewis acid catalyst. Both the crosslinker (MDSA) and the amine‐blocked catalyst are required for wrinkle formation. Evaporation of the blocking amine from the free surface of the coating generated a depthwise gradient in the extent of polymerization and crosslinking, and hence in the degree of solidification, as evidenced by the formation of a mechanical skin prior to wrinkling. It is hypothesized that compressive elastic stress develops in the still swellable skin when unreacted low‐molecular‐weight material from beneath diffuses up into the monomer‐ or oligomer‐depleted crosslinking skin and swells it. This compressive stress, if above a critical value, buckles the skin to produce wrinkles. Experimentally observed compositional requirements for wrinkle formation were consistent with the proposed mechanism. The size of the wrinkles can be controlled by varying formulation parameters such as the amount of catalyst or crosslinker. Increasing the amount of catalyst decreased both the wavelength and the amplitude of the wrinkle pattern. Increasing the amount of crosslinker initially increased the amplitude of the wrinkles; after reaching a maximum level, the wrinkle amplitude decreased. DSC was a useful tool to understand the critical reactions responsible for wrinkling in this system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 116–129, 2005     

基于反求造型技术的锥形件侧壁皱曲分析方法

针对锥形件侧壁皱曲不易测量、难以定量分析的问题,基于柔性测量和反求造型技术,提出了一种新的皱曲分析方法。由测量点云建立锥形件实体模型,对此模型进行曲率分析计算,进而建立标准锥形件实体模型,应用特定曲面切割实体模型,实现皱曲三维数值二维化,获得任意方向、任意角度的皱曲形貌数字结果。该方法无需采用在分析侧壁皱曲时“板厚是均匀的”假设,使得计算结果更为精确,更为合理。最后通过分析数字结果,建立皱曲变化趋势曲线,为用数学方法定量描述皱曲提供了可靠的实验数据。     

板料形状、压料筋的设置对汽车覆盖件成形中起皱和未充分拉深的影响

在汽车覆盖件成形工艺中,无论是对外观还是对功能的要求,起皱和未充分拉深问题是不允许出现的,因此对起皱和未充分拉深问题的预测和防止显得非常重要的。采用数值模拟技术可以在模具设计初期预测产品的几何形状,从而优化工艺参数以便获得高质量的成品。文章以eta/DYNAFORM有限元分析软件为平台,采用弹-塑性有限元法对DDQS钢进行数值模拟,得出相应的FLD曲线、起皱和未充分拉深区域。重点探讨了板料形状和压料筋的设置对起皱和未充分拉深区域的影响,得出了较好的解决方案。     

预弯对铝合金管材内高压成形缺陷与尺寸精度的影响

铝合金异形截面管件是实现汽车结构轻量化的有效途径之一,其成形工艺是先将铝合金管材经过数控弯曲获得轴线形状,然后进行内高压成形。弯曲产生的回弹、截面畸变及起皱等缺陷会影响后续内高压成形的质量。本工作通过建立管材塑性弯曲的理论模型和材料模型,计算任意弯曲角度的卸载回弹量,在弯曲过程考虑回弹量补偿,有效避免了内高压成形时的咬边缺陷。通过改善芯轴条件,使用带有一个芯球的芯轴,使截面不圆度由7.55%降低至1.43%,避免了弯曲件在内高压成形时发生破裂。同时对弯曲产生皱纹的管件进行内高压成形,证实了内高压成形过程不能够消除管件在弯曲过程形成的起皱。通过工艺实验研制出6063铝合金异形截面管件,获得了无缺陷的成形件。对47个内高压成形件进行尺寸精度测量,最大尺寸偏差为1.08mm(1.63%),尺寸和精度符合设计要求。     

Wrinkling analysis of creased rectangular membrane

In this paper,the wrinkle-crease interaction behavior of a rectangular membrane under edge tension is simulated.The creased membrane is modeled by using a Modified Two-Parameter model.In this model,two crease parameters,i.e.the effective modulus of creased membrane and the residual stress from creasing,are computed by using MacNeal’s method that was firstly applied directly in a flat membrane with the local crease.We have proposed a method to solve the wrinkling computing issue of the creased membrane by using a Direct Perturb-Force technique in our previous work.Based on our method,the effects of crease location on the wrinkle-crease interaction behavior can be evaluated accurately.These results will be of great benefit to the analysis and the control of the wrinkles in the membrane structures.     

Structure of turbulent rich hydrogen‐air premixed flames

In the present article, series of experiments were conducted to study the structure characteristics of premixed flames in turbulent rich hydrogen‐air mixtures within a constant‐volume turbulent combustion system, 7 equivalence ratios (1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, and 2.5), and 5 turbulent intensity (0, 0.494, 0.742, 1.080, and 1.309 m/s) were studied. With the increase of turbulent intensity, the cellularity degree was obviously enhanced for turbulence promoted the formation and the development of initial cracks by wrinkling flame‐front; furthermore, the enhanced hydrodynamic instability was also one important reason. Turbulence would change the linear growth of critical radius to equivalence ratio into nonlinear, but the variation extents had limitation. The wrinkling index of flame‐front would rise as flame expanded, and the wrinkling index on flames with similar size would be increased with the increase of turbulence once the turbulent intensity was sufficiently high. From the variations of the root mean square of related oscillation on flame‐front, it could be found that the partial amount of oscillation induced by sole turbulence was declined as flame expanded for the breakup of large eddies.     

On‐Demand Wrinkling Patterns in Thin Metal Films Generated from Self‐Assembling Liquid Crystals

In this work, a new, universal method is described that uses the photopatterning of liquid crystals, which is accurately translated into a controlled, intricately wrinkled metal surface. Remarkably, the patterns have an oscillation in amplitude of the wrinkles. This rapid method allows generation of intricate multidomain patterns and continuous circular structures, including azimuthal, radial, and even higher complexity arrangements as examples. These wrinkled gold surfaces are also strikingly visual, which is interesting for applications ranging from diffractive elements to fine jewelry.     

球冠形薄壁封头在小减薄率工况下的失稳研究

高性能、高质量、大径厚比、轻量化大型薄壁燃料贮箱封头的整体化成形是目前我国航天制造急需解决的重大问题.通过旋压实验与有限元数字仿真相结合的方法对薄壁封头在小减薄率工况下的等壁厚旋压成形稳定性展开研究,在实验中研究了缩径旋压过程中封头法兰起皱失稳现象,并通过有限元仿真软件Marc分析了法兰起皱的演变过程.通过建立缩径位移等效模型,得出缩径位移量与法兰起皱有直接关系,即缩径量越大,法兰起皱越明显.对比仿真模型和等效模型的最大主应力矢量图,分析得出缩径会导致切向应力变化从而引起法兰起皱失稳,进一步证实了缩径是起皱失稳的主要原因.