“水力清”还原水电解技术在循环水处理中的应用

热交换系统受(传)热面的结垢会降低传热效率,甚至造成运行事故。传统的除垢、防垢技术耗用大量化学药剂,而且污染环境。"水力清"还原水电解设备作为物理水处理技术的最新一代产品,不仅从根本上解决了除垢、抗垢难题,而且具有高效杀菌、灭藻、清锈、防锈和避免对设备腐蚀的独特作用,同时达到节能环保的效果。既可应用于开放式水处理系统,也可用于密闭式水处理系统。     

Control of mineral scale deposition in cooling systems using secondary-treated municipal wastewater

Secondary-treated municipal wastewater (MWW) is a promising alternative to freshwater as power plant cooling system makeup water, especially in arid regions. A prominent challenge for the successful use of MWW for cooling is potentially severe mineral deposition (scaling) on pipe surfaces. In this study, theoretical, laboratory, and field work was conducted to evaluate the mineral deposition potential of MWW and its deposition control strategies under conditions relevant to power plant cooling systems. Polymaleic acid (PMA) was found to effectively reduce scale formation when the makeup water was concentrated four times in a recirculating cooling system. It was the most effective deposition inhibitor of those studied when applied at 10 mg/L dosing level in a synthetic MWW. However, the deposition inhibition by PMA was compromised by free chlorine added for biogrowth control. Ammonia present in the wastewater suppressed the reaction of the free chlorine with PMA through the formation of chloramines. Monochloramine, an alternative to free chlorine, was found to be less reactive with PMA than free chlorine. In pilot tests, scaling control was more challenging due to the occurrence of biofouling even with effective control of suspended bacteria. Phosphorous-based corrosion inhibitors are not appropriate due to their significant loss through precipitation reactions with calcium. Chemical equilibrium modeling helped with interpretation of mineral precipitation behavior but must be used with caution for recirculating cooling systems, especially with use of MWW, where kinetic limitations and complex water chemistries often prevail.     

复配阻垢剂对碳酸钙阻垢效果研究

本实验选取HYZ、CD-1、1#、2#、3#五种不同类型的阻垢剂进行阻垢剂复配,在常压、温度为65℃和75℃条件下评价阻垢效果。实验结果表明,阻垢剂的阻垢效果随阻垢剂加量的变化而波动,即存在阻垢剂最佳加量,且除阻垢剂HYZ和1#、HYZ和2#外,其他复配阻垢剂的阻垢效果随温度的升高而明显降低。阻垢剂HYZ和2#复配在65℃,阻垢剂加量50m g/L时,阻垢效果最好,阻垢率高达98.41%。     

电厂灰水管线防垢技术研究与应用

分析了电厂灰水系统的结垢原因,通过对灰水回收系统防垢技术的研究,确立了灰水管线防垢的技术方案,对火电厂灰水回收系统防垢技术的应用及节约用水、降低生产成本具有参考意义。     

马来酸酐—丙烯酸甲酯—丙烯酰胺共聚物阻垢性能的研究

合成了马来酸酐－丙烯酸甲酯－丙烯酰胺三元共聚物阻垢分散剂,并对其阻垢性能与丙烯酸－丙烯酸甲酯－丙烯酰胺共聚物比较,发现它对循环水温度、硬度及ＰＨ值的适用范围比丙烯酸－丙烯酸甲酯－丙烯酰胺更广,可广泛用作工业循环水特别是高温、高硬度、高ＰＨ值等水质的阻垢分散剂。     

A Green Multifunctional Antiscaling Inhibitor for Crystallization Control of Ca‐Scale Crystals

Histidine‐polyaspartic acid (His‐PASP), an effective antiscaling inhibitor, was synthesized by polysuccinimide (PSI) and histidine. His‐PASP exhibited a promising antiscaling property by inhibiting the reaction crystallization of Ca‐scale crystals. The crystal form and surface morphology of Ca‐scale crystals were changed after the addition of His‐PASP. The hard scale was turned into soft dirt and can be easily washed away. The binding between His‐PASP and calcite was exothermic and the energy was higher than the traditional adsorption energy. His‐PASP possessed a favorable anticorrosion efficiency for carbon steel in cooling water. In the test of dispersing Fe₂O₃, the transmittance of the supernatant was reduced with increasing His‐PASP dosage.     

RO membrane autopsy of Zarzis brackish water desalination plant

Tunisia, located in a semi-arid zone, has limited water resources. The shortage of good water quality in particular at the south regions required a brackish water desalination to supply these regions with potable water. Zarzis desalination plant, working since 1999, has revealed difficulties related to the loss of membrane performances. In the aim to determine the reason of membrane fouling, foulant layer were analysed. The membrane autopsy has achieved by different methods, such as TOC (total organic carbon) measurement, SEM (scanning electron microscopy), AFM (atomic force microscopy), FTIR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) analysis, diffraction by X-ray. Results show that the foulant layer composed mostly of SiO₂, clay, organic matter (polysaccharide, protein), CaSiO₃, Fe₃O₄, AlPO₄, and CaSO₄. The characteristics bonds obtained by IR indicate the presence of polysaccharides and proteins that constitute a source for further microbiological growth; this is the problem of biofouling. The metallic elements results of corroded stainless steel and internal coating of cartridges filter that are damaged by the silica particle rejected by sand filters. The scale of CaSO₄ and CaSiO₃ deposition is owing to the bad antiscaling efficiency. The results are presented and discussed in the light of new trends in material.     

电磁防垢技术在转炉除尘污水处理中的应用

本文介绍了电磁防垢技术的防垢机理及适用条件，通过应用于马钢二钢厂转炉除尘污水处理所达到的良好效果，说明了电磁防垢技术在炼钢除尘污水处理方面是成功的。