设计阶段的工程造价控制管理

从设计招标和方案竞选、设计方案的优化、标准化设计、限额设计、技术培训等方面分析了设计阶段造价控制和管理的特点，指出只有把控制造价的关键阶段确立在设计阶段，才能实现工期短、节约成本、效益显著的目标。     

招标工程量清单与工程造价控制

合理确定招标工程量清单是有效实施工程造价事前控制的重要环节。通过对一些工程的招标工程量清单暴露出来的问题进行分析 ,阐述了招标工程量清单的合理性对有效实施工程造价事前控制的重要作用 ;合理确定招标工程量清单 ,关键是要以工程的质量和造价控制目标为出发点 ,在遵循一般项目划分习惯的同时 ,密切结合工程实际以及合同条款的要求 ,进行具体分析     

基于清单计价模式的工程项目投资控制

从使用清单计价模式的必要性出发,分析了目前国内清单计价模式存在的问题,探讨了清单计价模式对工程项目投资控制的影响,并重点指出如何在工程项目各个不同的阶段通过清单计价的方式来控制工程项目投资成本,降低工程项目的投资风险。     

Markov analysis of qualitative dynamics1

Common sense sometimes predicts events to be likely or unlikely rather than merely possible. We extend methods of qualitative reasoning to predict the relative likelihoods of possible qualitative behaviors by viewing the dynamics of a system as a Markov chain over its transition graph. This involves adding qualitative or quantitative estimates of transition probabilities to each of the transitions and applying the standard theory of Markov chains to distinguish persistent states from transient states and to calculate recurrence times, settling times, and probabilities for ending up in each state. Much of the analysis depends solely on qualitative estimates of transition probabilities, which follow directly from theoretical considerations and which lead to qualitative predictions about entire classes of systems. Quantitative estimates for specific systems are derived empirically and lead to qualitative and quantitative conclusions, most of which are insensitive to small perturbations in the estimated transition probabilities. The algorithms are straightforward and efficient.     

利用测井新技术重新评价文46断块潜力

利用碳氧比测井和注硼中子寿命测井对文46断块的油水层进行了定性、定量解释方法的研究和探讨，建立了含油饱和度计算模型，确定了油水层的解释标准，并对该断块进行了全面的精细解释，利用测井与地质相结合的综合方法落实了解释成果的可靠性。     

数据处理系统性能评价的简单理论模型

提出了一个简单的理论模型．旨在为数据处理系统的性能评价提出一个理论框架．以此框架为基础，可形成实用的简单评估方法．该模型只含两个参数，它们是统计量，可用统计方法确定．     

Timing the introduction of information technology

Abstract. Deciding when to adopt or introduce new information technology (IT) is a relatively difficult problem. This paper presents a method that can be used in many circumstances to evaluate new IT. The model is based on modelling the response of customers and rivals to services provided by IT. The methodology recognizes competitor reactions on two levels: within the local market and actions by rivals in the international market. The model examines behaviour, costs, and benefits over time. Several different types of models are examined, ranging from competitive (Nash) equilibriums to joint ventures. This model is illustrated by examining when banks should implement new technology. The results indicate that large banks can effectively utilize technology as a strategic weapon. Smaller, local banks are more limited in their control of technology. The model reveals some strategic uses that are not evident from existing models.     

工程计价方式"双轨制"下的寻租博弈行为分析

由于渐进式改革形成的工程计价方式“双轨制”及市场的不完善性和无序性,为寻租行为的产生提供了环境。本文作者通过建立投资方、项目执行者、承包方三方之问的寻租博弈模型,求解混合策略纳什均衡解,根据均衡解分析在不同条件下三方的最优策略,并提出了防止寻租行为的对策。     

ANN valuation model of material LCIA profile

Weighting model is the only valuation model of life cycle impact assessment(LCIA) profile now. It simplifies evaluation function into linear function, and makes the determination of weighting factor complicated. Therefore the valuation of LCIA profile is the most critical and controversial step in life cycle assessment(LCA). Development on valuation models, which are understood easily and accepted widely, is urgently needed in the field of LCA.The modeling approaches for the linear evaluation function were summed up. The modeling approaches for the nonlinear evaluation function were set up by function approximation theory, which include choosing preference products, forming preference data, establishing artificial neural network(ANN) and training ANN by preference data.By selecting 7 material products as preference product, experience was done with modeling approaches of the nonlinear evaluation function. The results show that the modeling approaches and valuation model of the nonlinear evaluation function are more practical than the weighting model.     

基于模糊层次分析法的应用性技术成果评价

针对现有应用性技术成果的评价指标体系,建立了相应的模糊层次分析法数学模型,此模型可克服传统层次分析法判断矩阵构造主观性强和一致性不易检验等缺点,为应用性技术成果的等级评价提供了一种简便合理的科学评价方法.