含油切削液废水的处理和回用

采用CAF涡凹气浮和流砂过滤二级组合系统，对玉柴机器柴油废水进行了处理回用的应用研究．出水达到GB8978-1996中的一级排放标准。在进水平均COD浓度为6510mg／L，石油类浓度为9321mg／L，出水COD浓度可以降到68～91mg／L，石油类浓度可以降到1～3mg／L．处理成本低，每处理1m^3污水的综合运行成本为0.23元，每回用1m^3中水，需另增加费用开支0．22元。     

涡凹气浮工艺在炼油污水中的应用

针对炼油污水含油量大和悬浮物高等特点,介绍了涡凹气浮工艺原理及运行效果,对其工艺运行条件进行了探讨。涡凹气浮机具有投资省、运行费用低、操作维护简单及工作效率高、运行稳定等优点,在含油污水的处理中具有良好的实用性。     

Multipath channel identification by using global optimization in ambiguity function domain

A new transform domain array signal processing technique is proposed for identification of multipath communication channels. The received array element outputs are transformed to delay-Doppler domain by using the cross-ambiguity function (CAF) for efficient exploitation of the delay-Doppler diversity of the multipath components. Clusters of multipath components can be identified by using a simple amplitude thresholding in the delay-Doppler domain. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) can be used to identify parameters of the multipath components in each cluster. The performance of the proposed PSO-CAF technique is compared with the space alternating generalized expectation maximization (SAGE) technique and with a recently proposed PSO based technique at various SNR levels. Simulation results clearly quantify the superior performance of the PSO-CAF technique over the alternative techniques at all practically significant SNR levels.     

PWB设计制造工艺和基材对耐CAF影响的评估

概述了CAF机理,各种标准基材,其它PWB基材和新型非双氰胺FR-4基材的电化学迁移或耐CAF的温度-湿度-偏压测试和数据分析方法。     

Chromosome instability and unusual features of some widely used strains of Candida albicans

Electrophoretic karyotyping of the Candida albicans revealed a different migration pattern of ChR in three different stocks of the sequencing strain SC5314. In one stock, the high instability of ChR size prevented the migration of ChR as a compact band; ChR appeared, instead, as a smear. In some stocks, ChR and/or Ch1 ploidy diminished, suggesting mixed populations of disomic and monosomic cells. Similarly, some stocks of widely used derivatives CAI4 and BWP17 contained smearing of ChR. In addition, the most manipulated strain in the lineage of SC5314, the last derivative, BWP17, acquired an increase in the size of Ch7b and revealed an unusual property. BWP17 did not tolerate a well-established procedure of telomere-mediated fragmentation of a chromosome; the remaining intact homologue always duplicated. We suggest that some stocks of SC5314 are unstable and that BWP17 may not be appropriate for general studies. Instead of BWP17 or CAI4, we recommend using for general research CAF4-2, which is a relatively stable Ura- derivative, and which has been successfully used for more than a decade in our laboratory.     

Disabling partners in crime: Gold nanoparticles disrupt multicellular communications within the tumor microenvironment to inhibit ovarian tumor aggressiveness

The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in the poor prognosis of many cancers. However, there is a knowledge gap concerning how multicellular communication among the critical players within the TME contributes to such poor outcomes. Using epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) as a model, we show how crosstalk among cancer cells (CC), cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF), and endothelial cells (EC) promotes EOC growth. We demonstrate here that co-culturing CC with CAF and EC promotes CC proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and that co-implantation of the three cell types facilitates tumor growth in vivo. We further demonstrate that disruption of this multicellular crosstalk using gold nanoparticles (GNP) inhibits these pro-tumorigenic phenotypes in vitro as well as tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, GNP treatment reduces expression of several tumor-promoting cytokines and growth factors, resulting in inhibition of MAPK and PI3K-AKT activation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition - three key oncogenic signaling pathways responsible for the aggressiveness of EOC. The current work highlights the importance of multicellular crosstalk within the TME and its role for the aggressive nature of EOC, and demonstrates the disruption of these multicellular communications by self-therapeutic GNP, thus providing new avenues to interrogate the crosstalk and identify key perpetrators responsible for poor prognosis of this intractable malignancy.     

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An Update on Heterogeneity and Therapeutic Targeting

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in the western world, with limited therapeutic strategies and dismal long-term survival. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment, maintaining the extracellular matrix, while also being involved in intricate crosstalk with cancer cells and infiltrating immunocytes. Therefore, they are potential targets for developing therapeutic strategies against PDAC. However, recent studies have demonstrated significant heterogeneity in CAFs with respect to their origins, spatial distribution, and functional phenotypes within the PDAC tumor microenvironment. Therefore, it is imperative to understand and delineate this heterogeneity prior to targeting CAFs for PDAC therapy.     

CAF涡凹气浮装置在炼油污水处理中的应用

某企业污水处理场新建一套CAF涡凹气浮装置,主要由曝气区、气浮区、回流系统、刮渣系统及排水系统组成。其工作原理为:加混凝剂后的污水进入装有涡凹曝气机的曝气区,该区设有独特曝气机,通过底部中空叶轮的快速旋转,在水中形成一个真空区,水面上的空气通过中空管道抽送至水下,并在底部叶轮快速旋转产生的三股剪切力下把空气粉碎成微气泡,微气泡与污水中的固体污染物结合在一起升到液面,通过刮渣机,将浮渣刮入污泥收集槽并排出系统,净化后的水由溢流槽溢流进入后续处理设施。药剂组合选用PAM+PAC混合使用。CAF涡凹气浮装置调试运行期间,水处理量在400～500t/h,曾出现处理效果不能满足设计指标(浮选池进口油含量小于200mg/L)要求,加药管线堵塞,浮渣池存储容量不足等问题。后经采取加大管线口径(由DN40改为DN50)、更换药剂(选择有机高分子药剂替代PAM+PAC药剂)、增设浮渣池脱水管线等措施,取得成效,出水平均油含量基本稳定在61mg/L。     

大庆ABS装置污水预处理系统技术改造

大庆石化公司ABS装置扩能至100 kt/a后,污水系统的处理能力已不能满足工艺要求.应用"涡凹气浮"技术对ABS污水进行两级气浮处理改造,对PB聚合等悬浮物浓度较高的污水进行气浮处理;处理后的污水进入调节池均化后再进行气浮处理,最终实现污水达标排放.     

Morphological study of silver corrosion in highly aggressive sulfur environments

A silicone coated power module, having silver conducting lines, showed severe corrosion, after prolonged use as part of an electronic device in a pig farm environment, where sulfur containing corrosive gasses are known to exist in high amounts. Permeation of sulfur gasses and humidity through the silicone coating to the interface has resulted in three corrosion types namely: uniform corrosion, conductive anodic filament type of Ag2S growth, and silver migration with subsequent formation of sulfur compounds. Detailed morphological investigation of new and corroded power modules was carried out, and possible theoretical explanation for various corrosion mechanisms has been attempted.