A perceptual evaluation of grating frequencies and velocities in the analysis of dynamic images

Dynamic images that possess beauty and are user-friendly can increase the use of digital technology. In addition to information conveyance, dynamic images also act as a communication bridge in the human–machine interface. Dynamic images are widely used in the application of digital media. Therefore, understanding the visual effects of dynamic images on viewers is a very important issue. From a visual communication design perspective, dynamic images influence not only image quality, but also the viewers’ perception and impression of the displayed image. In the contemporary age characterized by universal usage of dynamic images, designers should attain synchronized knowledge and understanding of relevant media technology so as to present preferred design quality in the management of digital design such as animation design, Web page design, multimedia design, and so on. The current study noted that psychological effects such as viewers’ visual attention, preferences, and understanding were more important than image quality. Therefore, this study adopted the viewpoint of “visual design” and conducted a perceptual evaluation of grating frequency and grating velocity. The pair-comparison method and scale method were adopted in the research methodology to simplify perceptual evaluations and enhance their validity. The purpose of this study was: (1) To propose recommendations for displaying dynamic images and improving image performance using perceptual evaluation methods. (2) To examine the influence of psychological factors on viewer’s comfort when they experience dynamic images. (3) To identify the best grating feature combinations that meet viewer’s psychological characteristics and propose recommendations for dynamic images design. The study concludes that it is useful to establish criteria for evaluating users’ perception and to, develop perceptual evaluations of dynamic images. It is recommended that designers find a balance between watching a moving imaging display “clearly” and watching it “comfortably” for successful reception by the viewer.     

Empathy and Modern Technology: A Neuroergonomics Perspective

The primary purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of empathy in the design of advanced systems in manufacturing and service industries in order to ensure suitable working conditions for employees from the social and technological point of view. The origins and components of empathy are briefly reviewed. The neural underpinnings of three components of empathy, including cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects, are considered in the context of human–human and human–machine interactions, as well as design of working environments. Finally, the potential advantages of applying empathy‐related knowledge to the design and development of human‐centered technology are discussed.     

略论平面广告认知的多维性

平面广告的历史非常悠久,但直至18世纪前后才逐渐真正为人所关注。在现代商业社会中,平面广告作为广告宣传的主力军,发挥了其价格便宜、发布灵活、信息传递迅速的优势,构成了大众传媒以至文化生活中一个不容忽视的组成部分。本文主要从信息需求、视觉审美、情感趋向、社会文化四个维度着眼,阐述受众对平面广告的认知过程,期冀对平面广告的设计创作有所启发与借鉴。     

程序理解

程序理解是从计算机程序中获取有关信息的过程。作为程序维护中必不可少的环节,一直受到大家的关注。结合最近比较熟门的软件重建工程,分析程序理解中出现的一些问题以及解决方案。     

Same-different reaction time to stimuli presented simultaneously to separate cerebral hemispheres

This research was concerned with same-different reaction time to two stimuli presented simultaneously, one to the left and one to the right visual field, so that they projected to separate cerebral hemispheres. In experiment 1, subjects compared two colour patches, two colour words, or a colour word with a colour patch. In experiment 2, subjects compared two geometric shapes, two shape words, or a geometric shape with a shape word. Comparisons of two colours or two shapes were faster than comparisons of words that named these attributes. Responses to colours were faster than to shapes, and responses to colour words were faster than to shape words. Within-mode comparisons were faster than between-mode comparisons. Direct access of the separate stimuli to the dominant hemispheres did not produce faster responses.     

关于日语方位词省略成因的探讨

在日语句子中，“场所／物体（上位）词＋方位（下位）词”是处所表述的常用形式，但在表示动作结果留存的处所意义时，往往省略下位词，而仅用上位词表达。本文就这一语言习惯进行了探讨，认为它主要依据两个条件：其一，人们对下位处所的一致认识；其二，特定的谓语动词对下位处所起到补足作用。     

Negative emotional and cognitive responses to being unfriended on Facebook: An exploratory study

We consider Facebook unfriending as a form of relationship termination with negative emotional and cognitive consequences. Specifically, ruminative and negative emotional responses are examined via an online survey of adult Facebook users who were unfriended. These responses were positively related to each other and to Facebook intensity. Rumination was positively predicted by using Facebook to connect with existing contacts and was more likely when the unfriender was a close partner. Participants also responded with greater rumination and negative emotion when they knew who unfriended them, when they thought they were unfriended for Facebook-related reasons, and when participants initiated the Facebook friend request. The contribution of these exploratory findings to our growing understanding of negative relational behaviors on Facebook are discussed.     

情感理论及基于情感的决策理论与模型研究

情感能力是人类智能的重要标志,与人类认知相互依赖和影响。因此,研究情感理论,模拟人类情感,对增强豫统智能具有重要意义。本文根据情感激发、产生的内在机理,提出情感的三级层次;为影响和激发情感的内部状态建立模型;基于情感的模糊性,运用模糊逻辑定义了情感的强度,并提出情感状态描述;通过分析情感在决策过程中的作用,结合MAS理论与决策系统的研究成果,提出了具有情感能力的个体Agent模型和具有情感功能的MAS决策模型。     

南京城市历史景观特征识别与层积认知研究

城市历史景观是一种人地关系长期互 动的结果,是在漫长的城市历史发展进程中不 断层积叠加的产物。城市发展是动态变化的,城 市历史景观必然也会随之发生改变,透过层层 积淀的时空变化把握其关键核心,从而维持并 强化城市自身的特征和风貌特色。通过要素梳 理与分类、特征提取与识别、历史分期与层积分 析等三个方面对城市历史景观进行特征识别与 层积认知分析,并以南京为例进行识别和认知 的实践研究。城市历史景观的特征识别和层积 认知可以帮助平衡和管理城市遗产保护与城市 当代发展的关系,使其在城市的新发展阶段焕 发出新的生命力。因此,最后提出了建构锚固点 网格体系,实现遗产区与新建区的良性互渗;织 补景观空间肌理,强化文化认同与集体记忆;建 立层积演变内生逻辑,注重城市历史景观多元文 化表达等保护与创新利用策略,旨在实现南京城 市历史景观的可持续发展。