清代皇家园林规划设计控制的量化研究——以圆明三园、清漪园为例

本文通过量化分析探索了清代皇家园林规划设计的控制规律及相关理论。     

Evaluating Community Safety Programmes and Community Engagement: The Role of Qualitative Methods and Collaborative Approaches to Policy Research

This article explores the role of qualitative and collaborative methods when undertaking evaluation research into local community safety partnerships and neighbourhood strategies. It draws on recent examples of research and evaluation studies of regeneration and community safety programmes in a number of cities and towns in England. The discussion is set against the background of the major changes in policy relating to crime and community safety, particularly the introduction of Crime and Disorder Partnerships and their engagement with local communities. The value of qualitative methods in exploring some key questions is discussed, particularly within a collaborative approach to policy research.     

苏州园林的色彩

造园者非常重视运用色彩美化景物，刻意创作“以色传神、以色抒情”的作品。苏州园林怡心悦目的色彩引人入胜。苏州园林建筑物常以淡雅宁静的灰色和白色为其基本色调。苏州园林不用大红大绿蓝紫等颜色，更少施彩绘，色彩以淡雅为其独特风格。     

评《清闲供、小蓬莱》

我国古典园林论著,现在常见的有计成的《园冶》、李笠翁的《一家言居室器玩部》以及明人程荩臣的《清闲供》书中的《小蓬莱》共三种,其余零星散见于古人笔记的不计。《清闲供》一书,计有不同内容的短篇十四篇,《小蓬莱》谈造园艺术,只是书中的一项内容,全文短。《清闲供》毫无现实的积极意义,经过时代的淘汰更失去其效用,成为了糟粕。     

我国社区学院建设

社区学院作为我国实现高等教育大众化的一种形式.是构建学习型社会和终身教育的重要载体。文章梳理了近几年来我国学者对社区学院研究的主要内容、国外社区学院对我国社区学院建设的启示等,并就此提出了一些思考。     

A farm level approach to define successful mitigation strategies for GHG emissions from ruminant livestock systems

Ruminant livestock systems are a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Thus far, mitigation options for GHG emissions mainly focused on a single gas, and are treated as isolated activities. The present paper proposes a framework for a farm level approach for the full accounting of GHG emissions. The methodology accounts for the relevant direct and indirect emissions of methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide, including carbon sequestration. Furthermore, the potential trade-off with ammonia volatilisation and nitrate leaching are taken into account. A ruminant livestock farm is represented with a conceptual model consisting of five pools: animal, manure, soil, crop and feed. The carbon and nitrogen inputs, throughputs and outputs are described, and the direct emissions are related to the carbon and nitrogen flows. The indirect emissions included in the methodology are mainly carbon dioxide emissions from energy use and nitrous oxide emissions related to imported resources and nitrogen losses. The whole farm approach is illustrated with a case of two dairy farms with contrasting livestock density and grassland management. It is shown that the inclusion of carbon sequestration and all indirect emissions have a major impact on the GHG budget of the farm. For one farm, the effect of four mitigation options on the GHG emissions was quantified. It was concluded that a whole farm approach of full accounting contributes to a better insight in the interactions between the carbon and nitrogen flows and the resulting emissions, within and outside the farm boundaries. Consequently, the methodology can be used to develop efficient and effective mitigation strategies.     

Detecting criminal organizations in mobile phone networks

The study of criminal networks using traces from heterogeneous communication media is acquiring increasing importance in nowadays society. The usage of communication media such as mobile phones and online social networks leaves digital traces in the form of metadata that can be used for this type of analysis. The goal of this work is twofold: first we provide a theoretical framework for the problem of detecting and characterizing criminal organizations in networks reconstructed from phone call records. Then, we introduce an expert system to support law enforcement agencies in the task of unveiling the underlying structure of criminal networks hidden in communication data. This platform allows for statistical network analysis, community detection and visual exploration of mobile phone network data. It enables forensic investigators to deeply understand hierarchies within criminal organizations, discovering members who play central role and provide connection among sub-groups. Our work concludes illustrating the adoption of our computational framework for a real-word criminal investigation.     

Building a research network to better understand climate governance in the Great Lakes

Climate-driven disturbances threaten the sustainability of coastal communities in the Great Lakes Basin. Because such disturbances are unpredictable, their magnitude, number and intensity are changing, and they occur at varying temporal and spatial scales. Consequently, communities struggle to respond in effective ways. The expected intensification of climate-driven disturbances will require that community capacity and governance structures match the spatial and temporal scales of these disturbances, as the most sustainable social and economic systems will be those that can respond at similar frequencies to key natural system drivers. The Climate Governance Variability in the Great Lakes Research Coordination Network (CGVG-RCN) was recently established to address questions about the relationship between climate-driven disturbances and community response. The objective of this short communication is to introduce the ideas behind the CGVG-RCN, outline its goals, and facilitate engagements and collaboration with social and natural scientists interested in social-ecological systems in the Great Lakes Basin.     

一种低功耗的社区机会网络消息路由算法

社区机会网络中节点的移动具有一定的相关性且不同的节点往往具有不同的移动特点,当前机会网络中主流的多拷贝路由算法并未充分考虑到这些特点,将该算法直接应用于这类网络会导致资源消耗较高、传输成功率低等问题。针对这些问题,提出一种基于社区的低功耗消息路由算法,其能自适应地控制消息拷贝数量,并根据节点与目标社区节点和本地社区节点相遇的历史信息来设置其目标社区和本地社区的活跃度,依靠活跃度较高的节点来完成消息传输。仿真结果表明,在延迟要求比较宽松的社区机会网络中,该算法在消息传输的成功率及占能耗最主要部分的消息转发次数方面明显优于Spray and Focus算法。