A three-dimensional surface measurement system implemented with Gaussian process based adaptive sampling

Self-adaptive surface measurements that can reduce data redundancy and improve time efficiency are in high demand in many fields of science and technology. For this purpose, a system implemented with Gaussian process (GP) adaptive sampling is developed. The non-parametric GP model is applied to reconstruct the topography and guide the subsequent sampling position, which is determined from the inference uncertainty estimation. A criterion is proposed to terminate the GP adaptive measurement automatically without any prior model or data of the topography. Experiments on typical surfaces validate the intelligence, adaptability, and high accuracy of the GP method along with the stabilization of the automatic iteration termination. Compared with traditional raster sampling, data redundancy is reduced and the time efficiency is improved without sacrificing the surface reconstruction accuracy. The proposed method can be implemented in other systems with similar measurement principles, thus benefitting surface characterizations.     

数控加工的基本坐标系和对刀问题

数控加工中的对刀问题影响机械加工的各个方面。这里从介绍数控机床的基本坐标系出发，重点阐述了对刀的基本原理和方法以及常见数控机床对刀问题的处理。     

Effect of thermophoresis on particle deposition rate from a natural convection flow onto a vertical wavy plate

This research discusses the impacts of the surface area that the wavy surface gets more than the flat plate upon the aerosol particle deposition. Starting from the full Navier–Stokes equation, the mathematical analysis takes the thermophoretic motion formed by the temperature gradient and the fluid thermal expansion into consideration, and converts the governing equations into the boundary layer equation by the simple coordinate transformation and non-similarity method, and then works out these equations by the Spline Alternating-Direction Implicit method (SADI). The numerical value result reveals that the average deposition effect of the wavy plate is greater than the flat plate and that the increasing rate is nearly equal to the value obtained by dividing the surface area that the wavy plate gets more than the flat plate by 2.2.     

Comments on “Exact and approximate feedback linearization without the linear controllability assumption [Automatica 48 (2012) 2221–2228]”

The conditions for state feedback linearization suggested in the aforementioned article are shown, by means of counterexamples, not to be sufficient. In view of this, modified results are proposed for ensuring the sufficiency.     

反求工程及其在UG中的运用

目前，传统的产品设计方法已经满足不了市场快速发展和客户的个性化要求，因而反求工程应运而生。反求工程又称逆向工程技术。是20世纪80年代末期发展起来的一项先进制造技术，随着我国的机械设计制造等技术水平的提高，反求工程技术将会越来越成熟，使用也将越来越广泛。本文介绍了反求工程的定义和方法，论述了UG软件在反求工程设计中的应用，着重讨论了CAD三维模型的建立和后处理等实现过程，并给出了反求集成开发的工作流程。     

A simulation-based heuristic algorithm for disposition of direction finders

A direction finder is a military weapon that is used to find locations of targets that emit radio frequencies. Multiple direction finders are used in a direction finder system for finding locations of targets in an area of interest. We present a two-stage heuristic algorithm for disposing direction finders in a direction finder system for the objective of maximizing the accuracy of estimation of the location of a target that is assumed to be located in the area of interest. In the suggested heuristic algorithm, a simulation-based method is used for estimating the probability of coverage, the probability that a target is in a given region (of a given size) surrounding the estimated location of the target, and another simulation-based method and a local search method are used to determine locations of direction finders that result in the maximum probability of coverage. Performance of the suggested algorithm is evaluated through computational experiments and results show that the algorithm gives a good disposition plan in a reasonable amount of computation time.     

Computer-aided measurement plan for an impeller on a coordinate measurement machine with a rotating and tilting probe

This paper presents a computer-aided measurement plan (CAMP) for an impeller on a coordinate measurement machine (CMM) with a rotating/tilting probe. The blade surfaces of a machined impeller were measured exactly to secure the machining tolerance and surface finish of the impeller. CMM with a rotating and tilting probe is commonly used for this measurement. However, it is not easy to evaluate all the points on the impeller surfaces due to the time-consuming nature of the CMM measurement. In addition, many points cannot be easily accessed by the CMM probe due to the interference between the probe and the impeller blades. Furthermore, the inherent complexity of the existing teaching operation of a probe using a joystick suggests the necessity of developing a new method for the measurement planning of an impeller. Thus, this paper proposes a CAMP for effectively gauging the inspection points based on the ruled line information of the impeller blade surfaces. The proposed plan partitions the surfaces into several measurement regions based on the ruled lines of a blade surface and the approach vectors of the probe. Finally, a case example for an impeller is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.     

基于Delaunay三角剖分的半径补偿新算法

合理的半径补偿算法能有效提高逆向工程的最终精度.在分析了现有半径补偿算法及其相应优缺点的基础上,针对三角网格法,通过Delaunay三角剖分思想的引入,提出了一种基于Delaunay三角剖分的半径补偿新算法,并对其中三角剖分的优化准则、边界点的处理等关键技术进行了详细的阐述,最后以增压器叶轮为例,实现了叶轮叶面测量数据的半径补偿.     

聚类算法分析及在GIS中心选址中的仿真研究

通过对聚类算法初始点选择策略的分析和比较,经典k-means算法在GIS海量数据处理上的效率问题,提出了随机采样的k-means算法来进行坐标聚类;并将随机采样k-means算法应用于GIS中心选址,充分利用GIS数据分析和处理能力,以城市间的欧几里得距离为相似条件,采用最大最小原则选取初始点进行聚类,从而缓解局部最优解产生的概率;选取中心城市作为目标对象,从而提高商业决策的充分性和可靠性;经仿真结果验证了所提出的随机取样k-means算法的有效性和正确率。