中小型软件质量度量应用与研究

目前国内对软件质量评估还没有明确的准则和衡量标准,难以实现定量评价,运用软件度量的最新研究成果,针对中小型软件进行质量指标分析,确定度量指标体系,建立定量度量模型,最终开发软件系统,进行案例分析。     

通信企业管理创新项目评价体系研究

我国在管理创新成果评价方面,因为管理活动属性的边界模糊,成果产生的效益又具有多元性,因此管理创新成果评价作为一个项目管理活动,其科学性不强,在系统查阅、研究现有社会科学成果创新项目成果评价文献和评价方法的基础上,提出了通信企业管理创新项目成果评价指标体系,利用层次分析法和综合评价模糊法得到指标相对重要性的综合性权数,通过权数建立相应的评价模型。     

Indicators for measuring construction industry development in developing countries

The problems of construction industries in developing countries are well researched. For over three decades, proposals have been made for action to address these difficulties. Developing countries have implemented these recommendations, and other initiatives. However, results have been disappointing and the problems have persisted. A possible reason for the lack of progress is the absence of measurable targets in construction industry development programmes to guide and assess, at intervals, the success of their implementation. This paper critically discusses the formulation of a set of indicators for measuring and monitoring progress in the effort to improve the construction industry in a developing country. Previous proposals of indicators and those used in Singapore are examined. A set of indicators is suggested and their merits and possible problems are considered. Recommendations are made on how the indicators can be most effectively implemented.

Les problèmes liés à l'industrie du bâtiment dans les pays en voie de développement sont clairement définis. Pendant plus de trois décennies, des propositions ont été formulées en vue de mener des actions visant à surmonter ces difficultés. Les pays en voie de développement ont suivi ces recommandations et pris d'autres initiatives. Néanmoins, les résultats ont été décevants et les problèmes ont persisté. L'une des raisons possibles du manque d'avancée est l'absence d'objectifs mesurables dans les programmes de développement de l'industrie du bâtiment, qui permettraient de guider et d'évaluer, par intervalles, la réussite de leur mise en oeuvre. Le présent document aborde de façon critique la formulation d'un groupe d'indicateurs destinés à mesurer et à surveiller la progression des efforts destinés à améliorer l'industrie du bâtiment dans un pays en voie de développement. Il examine également les propositions antérieures relatives à des indicateurs, ainsi que celles utilisées à Singapore. Il suggère enfin un groupe d'indicateurs et examine leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients éventuels. Des recommendations visant à optimiser l'utilisation de ces indicateurs sont également formulées.     

IGBT功率模块加速老化方法综述

功率变流器的可靠性评估和寿命预测已经成为非常重要的研究课题。IGBT功率模块的大量使用在诸多领域里越来越广泛,它们的失效主要由热机械疲劳引起,而在正常工作运行时,这种疲劳老化过程很漫长。因此,为全面观察和探究功率模块的疲劳老化失效过程,需要设计加速老化试验以缩短研究周期。最普遍的老化试验方法是对器件施加热应力和电应力,对器件不断热冲击实现加速老化进程的目的。文中主要归纳分析了各种加速老化方法的目的和差别,并重点总结了功率循环加速老化方法在不同试验条件、失效方式、试验持续时间、试验电路设计、监测的电气参数和热参数等方面的不同,目的在于提出加速老化方法的一般步骤和需要考虑的问题。最后根据这些问题对加速老化方法的研究进行了展望,为IGBT功率模块乃至整个变流器系统的失效机理分析、可靠性分析、寿命预测、健康状态评估和状态监测的研究奠定了基础。     

青海祁漫塔格西段小盆地南地区金矿勘查远景浅析

小盆地南位于青海祁漫塔格西段,大地构造位置位于祁漫塔格北坡岩浆弧带,成矿地质条件优越。在综合分析该地区地质条件的基础上,对区内的2个1∶1万土壤地球化学综合异常进行了较为系统的查证,初步圈定了10条含金毒砂绢英岩化花岗斑岩脉,确定区内含矿岩性为毒砂绢英岩化花岗斑岩脉,初步建立了地质、地球化学及构造的找矿标志,探讨了矿床的成因为岩浆热液型,分析认为区内具较好的找矿前景。     

A Histogram Matching Approach for assessment of flow regime alteration: application to environmental flow optimization

In this paper we present a Histogram Matching Approach (HMA) for assessment of the flow regime alteration. The HMA uses the degree of histogram dissimilarity as a metric for impact assessment, which is based on the quadratic‐form distance between the frequency vectors of the pre‐ and post‐impact histograms weighted by a specified similarity matrix. The HMA is coupled with an aggregated multiobjective optimization genetic algorithm and applied to a case study on the Kaoping diversion weir (Taiwan) for determining the optimal environmental flow scheme that balances the ecosystem and human needs objectives. Two key issues are addressed in this study. First, we compare the performances of the HMA and existing Range of Variability Approach (RVA). Second, we employ three types of similarity function to investigate their effect on the outcomes of the HMA. The results reveal that the HMA consistently outperforms the RVA in preserving the natural flow variability regardless of what type of similarity function is used. No single type of similarity function can be found that would simultaneously best preserve the natural patterns of 32 Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration (IHA). For the situations where the water‐supply reliability is of critical concern, the pulse similarity is recommended because it would assure the smallest water‐supply deficit. If, however, minor degradation in the water‐supply reliability may be overlooked, the linear similarity is suggested because it would generally result in the post‐impact flows that most satisfactorily resemble to the natural flow regime. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于IHA/RVA法的修水流域上游大型水库影响下的枯水变异研究

根据水文变异指标法及变化范围法(IHA/RVA),对江西修水流域上游两个大型水库启用日期差异进行组合,定量计算、分析了水利工程影响下的修水流域上游枯水流量的时序变异特征,探讨了水利工程建设前后导致的水文变异程度,揭示了对河流生态系统至关重要的低流量范围内多个枯水情势高改变度的存在,为水库生态调度与河流生态保护提供了有益的参考。     

Application of the Water Poverty Index at Different Scales: A Cautionary Tale

Abstract

The Water Poverty Index is an integrated tool developed on the basis of extensive consultation with a range of scientists, practitioners and policymakers. It is primarily designed for use at the community level to enable more holistic water-resource assessments on a site-specific basis. It can however be applied at different scales to suit different needs. One of the motivations to design such a tool was an attempt to move away from the conventional, purely deterministic, approaches to water assessment, relying primarily on models and large-scale data. In today's world such an approach is inappropriate, ill representing the complexities of modern water-allocation decisions where economic, political and social issues all have a powerful role to play. This paper highlights some applications of the Water Poverty Index at different spatial scales and discusses the implications of applying indicators at these different scales.     

移动网络中数据业务关键性能指标KPI探讨

移动网络的性能评估是网络规划和优化建设的前提，数据业务的迅速发展为移动网络的性能评估提出新的课题，当前评价数据业务网络的关键性能指标主要有吞吐量、时延等，从网络的容量和质量角度出发提出每用户平均吞吐量和网络资源利用率两个关键性能指标，并分别进行理论分析，为数据业务网络的性能评估提供参考依据。     

油气勘探的地球化学标志

本文以文献资料为基础,总结了油气勘探的地球化学标志。依据各指标的地球化学性质与油气的关系,以及在含油气远景评价中所起的作用,将其分成两大类指标,并对各种指标的分析方法、异常、优缺点进行了对比。