多孔板体结构足尺性能分析及材料基本要求

本文就利用诸如蛋白石这样的疏松多孔矿料同灰土构成的混合料，在路面结构中表现出的独特有效的抗冻作用机理作了深入分析，并结合足尺试验数据加以验证。阐述了所谓多孔板体结构的概念、机制和材料组成要求。     

渗铝钢扩散层空洞对循环氧化和剥落性能的影响

研究了热浸渗铝钢扩散层空洞对循环氧化和剥落性能的影响规律及其机理。结果表明，随扩散温度升高和时间延长，扩散层空洞不断增加，次外层和过渡层之间空洞逐步聚集连接成平行于表面的波浪线状空洞带，使高温氧化过程中扩散层产生了内氧化，氧化动力学曲线偏离平方抛物线规律而呈现抛物线一直线规律。因此，渗铝钢的长期氧化速度同时受扩散层内氧化和外氧化的控制。空洞(空洞带)的形成对循环剥落性能也产生严重影响。探讨了空洞(空洞带)和内氧化的形成机理。     

Effects of poly(methyl methacrylate)‐based low‐profile additives on the properties of cured unsaturated polyester resins. II. Volume shrinkage characteristics and internal pigmentability

The effects of three series of self‐synthesized poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐based low‐profile additives (LPAs), including PMMA, poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate), and poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate‐co‐maleic anhydride) with different chemical structures and MWs on the volume shrinkage characteristics and internal pigmentability for low‐shrink unsaturated polyester (UP) resins during curing were investigated by an integrated approach of static phase characteristics of the ternary styrene (ST)/UP/LPA system, reaction kinetics, cured‐sample morphology, microvoid formation, and property measurements. The relative volume fraction of microvoids generated during the cure was controlled by the stiffness of the UP resin used, the compatibility of the uncured ST/UP/LPA systems, and the glass‐transition temperature of the LPAs used. On the basis of the Takayanagi mechanical model, the LPA mechanism on volume shrinkage control, which accounted for phase separation and microvoid formation, and factors leading to both a good volume shrinkage control and acceptable internal pigmentability for the molded parts are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3388–3397, 2004     

整锻挤压辊两次镦拔新工艺的数值模拟

整体锻造挤压辊是整个辊压机的关键部件,形状短粗,是大型粗短轴类零件的代表,锻透性较差;空洞型缺陷是造成产品合格率低的一个重要因素,必须消除.本文利用Deform-3D模拟软件,对两次镦拔新工艺应用于RP170-110挤压辊的第1次镦拔过程进行了理论验证.通过对镦粗后采用WHF法和FM法拔长过程的数值模拟结果进行对比,说明两次镦拔新工艺中的第1次镦拔工艺-镦粗 WHF法拔长能够在足够大的三向压应力状态下,在再结晶温度以上愈合孔洞型缺陷,提高了大型短粗轴类锻件的锻透性.8件锻件全部试制合格的结果也证明了两次镦拔新工艺第1次镦拔的合理性.     

Defect identification and sizing by the ultrasonic satellite-pulse technique

Shape and size are the most important defect characteristics that need to be determined for the reliable prediction of the remaining service lifetime of a defective structure or part. The analytical and supporting experimental results presented in this paper concern a general, pattern recognition-based, ultrasonic defect identification and sizing method. The satellite-pulse technique (SPT) is based on the interpretation, in terms of defect types (shapes) and dimensions, of the separation in time of arrival between the readily detected specularly reflected pulse and its generally ignored tip-diffracted or tangentially scattered satellite contained in the received waveform. Calibration procedures were also developed that enable the ultrasonic examiner to read the time scale of the oscilloscope for equivalent crack depth or void diameter as appropriate.     

Fracture mechanics of air-entrained concrete subjected to compression

Air voids are entrained in concrete for protection of constructed elements, especially highway pavements, against freeze-thaw damage. Entrained air void systems inadvertently reduce the compressive strength of the concrete. The present study describes development of an analytical model for evaluation of the effects of entrained air void system on the compressive strength of concrete. The model developed here will assist in predicting the compressive strength of concrete for specified mix designs. The constitutive relationships for air-entrained concrete were established by considering a micro cracked porous material with randomly distributed circular air voids and uniformly oriented cracks from the air voids. Linear elastic fracture mechanics was employed to explain the evolution of damage due to the individual voids and cracks that emanate from such voids. The damage model considers the interactions among the voids and cracks during various stages of loading. The analytical results from this study were evaluated through an experimental program for comparison of the computed and measured compressive strengths. A wide range of samples were examined that included concretes with air contents ranging from 2% to 13% air by volume of concrete. The experiments involved microscopic determination of air content and spacing factors as well as compressive strength tests for all the concrete samples.     

材料韧性断裂的细观力学分析与测试

应用细观力学的观点分析材料韧性断裂方面的独到之处及便利，并结合高强铸铁细观力学的断裂判据——临界空穴扩张比的测试研究，介绍了作者在应用细观力学研究高强铸铁韧性断裂方面所做的工作及进展     

A Large Strains Finite Element Multiscale Approach

A novel formulation for multiscale finite element analysis of multiphase solids undergoing large strains is proposed in this paper. Within the described homogenization technique no constitutive assumptions are made at the macrolevel. A crucial aspects of the approach is the modeling of antiperiodic traction on the boundary of the representative volume element, condensation technique and the formulation performed on a deformation-driven context whereby the macroscopic deformation gradient is prescribed. Numerical tests on solids with voids demonstrated the robustness of the technique.     

玻璃浆料键合中的孔洞抑制和微复合调控

提出了包含三步式排泡过程的预烧结工艺以及双凹凼-凸台的微复合键合结构方案,以便有效控制玻璃浆料层中的孔洞生成并精确控制键合间隙。预烧结工艺涉及的三步式排泡包含玻璃液形成、真空排泡与孔洞流平3个过程,该过程有效地排除了气泡,从而抑制了键合中间层中的孔洞形成,其工艺的重复性和鲁棒性很强。微复合键合结构中的内外凹凼用于有效控制多余的熔融的玻璃浆料的流动路径,避免其对封装结构的污染;微阻挡凸台则可以精确地将玻璃浆料层的厚度即键合间隙控制到凸台高度。对键合性能的测试表明,该方案简单有效,键合强度和气密性良好,键合间隙为10.1μm,键合强度为19.07 MPa,键合漏率小于5×10-9 Pa·m3/s。     

无铅焊接工艺及失效分析

综述了目前无铅焊接工艺回流焊和波峰焊的工艺特点,指出了焊接中存在的几大主要失效问题,包括开裂、焊点空洞、晶须和板材胀裂,并介绍了避免或减弱这些失效问题的方法。