John Bissell Carroll (1916-2003).

Memorializes John Bissell (Jack) Carroll, an early leader in the development of psycholinguistics and a dominant contributor to psychometrics and the study of individual differences in cognitive abilities. His seminal work in evaluating foreign language proficiencies across multiple cultures combined his expertise in psycholinguistics with that in psychometrics and defined fundamental issues in the study of language acquisition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Hutchinsonianism and the Newtonian Enlightenment

Abstract. Historians of science have labeled followers of the 18th cosmologist John Hutchinson (1674– 1737) as anti‐Newtonian. While Hutchinson was clearly anti‐Newtonian, this was not the case with later followers like George Horne and William Jones. Horne and Jones sought a rapprochement between Newton and Hutchinson; in their hands, interpretations of Newton's works were refashioned to support Hutchinson's biblically based cosmos and Trinitarian natural philosophy. Newton's thought could be used by conservative Anglican Churchmen to battle religious heterodoxy. This raises problems for traditional Enlightenment historiography which views Newtonianism as a set of ideas which supported and reinforced emerging modern forms of political and religious thought.     

REMARKS ON JOHN DISKS

Let D■R2 be a Jordan domain,D*=R2\D,the exterior of D.In this article,the authors obtained the following results:(1)If D is a John disk,then D is an outer linearly locally connected domain;(2)If D* is a John disk,then D is an inner linearly locally connected domain;(3)A homeomorphism f:R 2 →R 2 is a quasiconformal mapping if and only if f(D)is a John disk for any John disk D■R 2 ;and(4)If D is a bounded quasidisk,then D is a John disk,and there exists an unbounded quasidisk which is not a John disk.     

Kurt Tucholsky,John Heartfield and Deutschland,Deutschland über Alles

This essay analyses Kurt Tucholsky and John Heartfield's 1929 Deutschland, Deutschland über Alles. In this ‘picture‐book’ right‐wing nationalism, the military, the democratic system, and capitalism were trenchantly criticized. This essay argues, however, that Deutschland, Deutschland über Alles is as much about the role of photography in society as it is about Weimar's political situation. The late 1920s are generally seen as a period of medium optimism in which the new photography was in the forefront. Yet a close analysis of the use of photography in Deutschland, Deutschland über Alles nuances the so‐called optimism of Weimar visual culture and its sudden disruption by the advent of fascism in the 1930s. While from the early 1910s onwards, Tucholsky had promoted the polemical power of photography, his position shifted by the end of the 1920s. An ambivalence marked Deutschland, Deutschland über Alles: on the one hand the photographic medium was used as a critical tool; on the other, the book reflects an underlying critique of and frustration with photojournalism and its association with urban modernity.     

A KU KLUX KLAN CIPHER

Discussion of a cipher system used by the Ku Klux Klan during the 1920's     

罗素案件与美国公立院校学术自由的危机与困境

1940年初,纽约市立学院决定聘请著名哲学家罗素来校任教,教授数学和逻辑哲学.但罗素却因宗教和性道德方面的学说而遭到纽约市大批宗教界、政界和普通民众的抵制.反对者以纳税者的身份要求纽约高等教育董事会解除对罗素的聘用,最终纽约法院判决高等教育董事会对罗素的聘用违法,制造了轰动一时的“罗素案件”.以杜威为首的一批知识界人士积极以学术自由的名义为罗素辩护.整个事件集中体现了在“纳税者逻辑”和美国公立高等院校学术自由所面临的激烈冲突.     

Upgrading Computational Design

Shajay Bhooshan heads up the computation and design ZHACODE group at Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA) and is a course master at the Architectural Association Design Research Laboratory (AADRL). Here he argues that Parametricism 2.0 has a vital role to play in the progressing of computational design. Assimilating the exploratory developments of the last 15 years, he asserts how the next phase of Parametricism will enable a further consolidation and evolution of digital practices.     

Palm Oil: A New Ethics of Visibility for the Production Landscape

The explosion of the palm oil industry in recent decades has transformed vast swathes of the Malaysian and Indonesian countryside. Milica Topalovic , Assistant Professor of Architecture and Territorial Planning at ETH Zurich, asserts that the resulting agro-industrial landscapes challenge the very concept of what is rural, and considers how such areas should be conceptualised.     

El Sur Global: Future Resilient City

Shifting the focus from futuristic visions, Alfredo Brillembourg and Hubert Klumpner with Alexis Kalagas of interdisciplinary design practice Urban-Think Tank urge us to ‘forget about utopia’, for in the most part the urban environment of 2050 is already built. Architects’ sights need to be set on the sometimes grim and unfolding reality of favelas and the world's informal cities.     

Prejudicial Narratives: Building Tomorrow's World Today

Film production requires world building: the power to visualise and bring to life narrative through a film's total environment. This is often entirely speculative, imagining alternative or future worlds. Here, Alex McDowell , acclaimed British production designer, producer and Professor at the University of Southern California (USC) describes his world-building, narrative approach to production design, which he consolidated in the Steven Spielberg film Minority Report (2002) that envisioned Washington DC in the year 2050. The possibilities of this storytelling technique are demonstrated by its transference into real-life projects, such as the immersive model that his production company, 5D GlobalStudio, developed for Al Baydha, a Bedouin village in Saudi Arabia.