武汉体育中心游泳馆室内环境模拟分析

采用CFD作为辅助设计手段,模拟分析了游泳馆内温度、湿度、风速在某种空调方式下的变化规律,得到了防止室内结露和满足舒适性要求的优化设计方案.研究了影响游泳馆热舒适性的若干因素,总结出相关数据,可供类似工程设计参考.     

绿化屋顶室内热环境研究

屋顶绿化作为一种生态的屋顶隔热手段已得到了广泛的认同,以上海气候条件下轻型绿化屋顶为研究对象,采用实测与计算分析相结合的方法,用PMV指标比较室内空调状态下绿化屋顶与非绿化屋顶的室内热舒适性。结果表明,绿化屋顶室内PMV平均值比无绿化屋顶低0.2,波动幅度仅为无绿化屋顶的1/4,并经计算得到绿化屋顶的等效保温屋顶,进一步研究表明,在较高的室内温度情况下,绿化屋顶内表面温度将会低于等效保温屋顶。     

绿化屋顶室内热环境研究

屋顶绿化作为一种生态的屋顶隔热手段已得到了广泛的认同,以上海气候条件下轻型绿化屋顶为研究对象,采用实测与计算分析相结合的方法,用PMV指标比较室内空调状态下绿化屋顶与非绿化屋顶的室内热舒适性。结果表明,绿化屋顶室内PMV平均值比无绿化屋顶低0．2,波动幅度仅为无绿化屋顶的1／4,并经计算得到绿化屋顶的等效保温屋顶,进一步研究表明,在较高的室内温度情况下,绿化屋顶内表面温度将会低于等效保温屋顶。     

Examination of thermal comfort in a hospital using PMV-PPD model

In this study, the performance of air conditioning system and the level of thermal comfort are determined in a state hospital located in Kermanshah city in the west of Iran in winter and summer using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model which has been presented by ISO-7730 (2005). The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and the Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) indices were computed using the data acquired from the experimental measurements performed in the building. The results showed that the values of PMV in some parts of the building, both for men and women, are not within the standard acceptable range defined by ISO. It was found that the most thermal problems in winter occur in morning work shift, and the worst thermal conditions in summer occur in noon work shift. The t-test results revealed that there is no noticeable difference between the thermal conditions of some rooms and those of the surroundings.     

空调列车夏季行驶热舒适性分析

利用MATLAB／SIMULINK平台,建立了空调硬座列车的围护结构动态传热及PMV的计算模型;其中在PMV的计算中,考虑了人体散湿量、空气相对湿度及内壁温度和平均辐射温度对PMV-PPD值的影响。对空调硬座列车空调双位控制分别采用不同的反馈信号对热舒适性的影响,进行了理论上的分析。本文建立的模型,可用于列车空调相关问题的研究。     

西安市过渡季节办公建筑室内热环境研究

根据在过渡季节里对所选取的办公建筑进行现场测试所得的数据,并通过分析调查问卷内容得出:西安地区过渡季节气候相对比较舒适。这个季节室内主观热感觉中性温度与当PMV=0时的室内温度值较接近,分别为25.6℃、25.24℃。     

基于PMV的矿井独头巷道通风效果分析

矿井独头巷道内高温环境日益严重,根据传热学和流体力学理论,应用F luent软件对某深井独头巷道内的通风风流速度场、温度场进行模拟,并利用预测平均热感觉指标PMV对通风效果进行评价.结果表明:独头巷道通风风流结构分为射流区、回流区及涡流区,其中涡流区流速最小,换气效率最差;利用M atlab进行计算,得出PMV值范围为0.7~1.7,热感觉评价等级为稍暖,该结果与实际情况吻合.PMV值受巷道内空气温度、速度影响较大,在巷道中间高度位置(y=1.5 m)处,由于涡流的存在,风速较小,换气效率差,空气温度高,导致PMV偏大,因此,提高矿工热舒适性首先要考虑控制好巷道内空气温度及流速.     

室内热舒适性指标PMV影响因素分析与研究

服装热阻、空气温度及气流速度是影响人体热舒适性的三个主要因素。本文针对上送上回气流分布方式，采用K-ε湍流模型及热舒适性指标PMV数学分析式，对室内三维湍流流动和传热及PMV指标进行了数值模拟，研究不同送风速度下的室内流场、温度场及PMV值分布变化规律，并分析比较了不同送风速度、送风温度及服装热阻对室内PMV值的影响。研究结果表明：送风速度是影响室内流场、温度场及PMV值分布模式的主要因素，送风温度的改变对PMV值有一定的影响，而室内人员的服装热阻对PMV值的影响较大。本文的研究对如何合理确定空调送风参数，达到满足热舒适性的目的奠定了理论基础，同时促进了以人居舒适为核心的空调技术发展。     

CFD数字模拟在建筑环境分析中的应用

通过几个实际工程在设计阶段的风、热环境的数值模拟,说明了利用建筑行业专用CFD分析工具可以高效的帮助设计人员在设计初期阶段验证设计规划是否符合规范,并提供改进的参考数据;本文还重点说明了个别建筑专业CFD软件功能中多重网格技术的优异处。最后介绍了利用CFD分析工具可以方便地调用国际上通用的建筑业的各种评价指标对设计进行评价,提供了设计人员向客户介绍自己设计是否合乎标准的工具。     

Different glazing systems and their impact on human thermal comfort—Indian scenario

In the present communication, fifteen different glazing systems ranging from 3 mm single glazed clear glass to double glazed with low-e and solar control coating, have been analysed in terms of their human thermal comfort impact. Thermal comfort is measured in term of PMV (predicted mean vote) and PPD (predicted percentage of dissatisfied). Study encompasses all the six climatic zones of India. By using OPTICS 5.0 and WINDOW 5.0, U-values, solar heat gain coefficient, inside glazing surface temperatures and inside solar radiation have been computed. Depending upon different climatic zones, six sets of different design conditions, in terms of ambient temperatures, solar radiation and wind velocity, have been chosen. Typical values of metabolic rate and clothing insulation taken are 1.2 met and 0.5 clo for summer and 1.0 met and 1.0 clo for winter, respectively. Inside room air velocity is taken as 0.15 m s⁻¹ round the year. Room temperature is taken as 20 °C in winter and 25 °C in summer. It is found that for cold station (e.g. Leh) all glazings except solar control glazings, ensure thermal comfort and total PPD is less than 10% (|PMV|?0.5). For warm and hot climates, solar control glazings are thermally suitable. Results for winter night of Delhi shows that all the 15 glazings are inadequate for thermal comfort and PPD, due to cold feeling, varies between 27% and 33% approximately.