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排序方式: 共有461条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
This paper studies a Kansas Department of Transportation welded plate girder bridge that developed fatigue cracks at small web gaps close to the girder top flange. Repair had been previously performed by softening the connection plate end with a slot retrofit, but cracks were recently found to have reinitiated at some of the repaired details and are again propagating. A comprehensive finite-element method study was performed to investigate the cracking behavior observed in the bridge and to recommend appropriate measures for future bridge retrofit. The analytical results show that stresses developed at the top flange web gaps could exceed yielding under the loading of an HS15 fatigue truck. The current slot repair used in the bridge was found to have introduced higher magnitude fatigue stresses in the web gap. To achieve a permanent repair of the bridge, it is recommended that a welded connection plate to flange attachment be used during future bridge retrofit. The web gap details should be able to withstand unlimited number of load cycles once this additional repair is performed. 相似文献
2.
Corrosion rates were measured at the exposed spots of rebars near three corners of Muddy Creek Bridge located in northern West Virginia using a 3LP device. Also, chloride contents of the concrete samples taken from the vicinity of the spots were analyzed using a wet chemical method that had been developed in this study. The average corrosion rate over the three spots was 4.66 mA/m2, which is in the range of corrosion damage possible in 10–15 years. The average chloride content of the concrete over the three spots was 703 parts per million (ppm), which is well above the threshold limit value of 260 ppm. Although the corrosion rate measurement method using a 3LP device is by manual operation, it is found to be reliable and effective, and, thus, recommended for future studies of this kind of research. The wet chemical method developed in this study is found to be effective. 相似文献
3.
Chris P. Pantelides Justin Nadauld Larry Cercone 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,7(2):118-126
Transportation departments have been using aluminum overhead sign structures since the 1950s. It is well documented that cracks develop in the welds between diagonal and chord members due to fatigue stresses from wind-induced vibration of the slender members. The cracks propagate to complete failure of the members, which can cause collapse of the truss and inflict injuries. The original design of overhead sign structures did not consider fatigue as a limit state. In addition, field welding of aluminum structures for any possible repairs is prohibited. A repair method for the cracked aluminum welded connections between diagonals and chord members using glass fiber reinforced polymer composites (GFRPs) is proposed. The static load carrying capacity of the welded connection, and the cracked connection repaired with GFRP composites are established. The paper describes the surface preparation of the aluminum tubular members, and the architecture and application sequence of the GFRP composite to retrofit the connection. Experimental results are presented from static tests of welded aluminum connections, welded aluminum connections retrofitted with GFRP composites, and new aluminum connections that depend only on GFRP composite elements for their strength. The results from monotonic static tests carried out on cracked welded specimens from actual sign structures show that the retrofitted connection with GFRP reinforcement achieved 1.17 to 1.25 times the capacity of the welded aluminum connection without any visible cracks. This result, and the minimal traffic disruption anticipated in the actual field application, makes this retrofit method a good candidate for implementation. 相似文献
4.
Comparative Study of Models on Confinement of Concrete Cylinders with Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for strengthening and/or rehabilitation of concrete structures is gaining increasing popularity in the civil engineering community. One of the most attractive applications of FRP materials is their use as confining devices for concrete columns, which may result in remarkable increases of strength and ductility as indicated by numerous published experimental results. Despite a large research effort, a proper analytical tool to predict the behavior of FRP-confined concrete has not yet been established. Most of the available models are empirical in nature and have been calibrated against their own sets of experimental data. On the other hand, the experimental results available in the literature encompass a wide range of values of the significant variables. The objective of this work is a systematic assessment of the performance of the existing models on confinement of concrete columns with FRP materials. The study is conducted in the following steps: the experimental data on confinement of concrete cylinders with FRP available in the technical literature are classified according to the values of the significant variables; the existing empirical and analytical models are reviewed, pointing out their distinct features; the whole set of available experimental results is compared with the whole set of analytical models; and strengths and weaknesses of the various models are analyzed. Finally, a new equation is proposed to evaluate the axial strain at peak stress of FRP-confined concrete cylinders. 相似文献
5.
文章阐述了养老院中老年人的情感需求和行为方式,研究了景观和老年人的生活、健康、康复之间的关系。总结了使用康复景观设计为老年人创造满足其情感需求帮助他们缓解压力、安度晚年的空间场所的方法。 相似文献
6.
Digital transformation (DT), the combination of information, computing, communication and connectivity technologies, which has triggered an effective upgrade of different aspects of market strategy, customer experience etc. Nowadays, rehabilitation assistive devices (RADs) are evolving to be more digital, intelligent and personalized. Digitalization and servitization have fostered to an emerging business model—the smart product–service system (Smart PSS). Therefore, DT of the RADs’ industry advocates not only the design of products and functions, the more important is the management of service processes and resource integration. With the increase in the elderly and disabled population, the requirement for RADs is becoming more urgent. However, research on Smart PSS for RAD is still limited. The rehabilitation assistive smart product–service systems (RASPSS) was introduced into the development of RADs based on the “Design and Management of DT” strategy through the service design of assistive devices and user requirements analysis. Further, an integrated design of RAD and Smart PSS has been created, a development method of RASPSS proposed, the theoretical model of the Smart PSS based on RADs built. To specify the service framework, this case study discusses the development of a home rehabilitation assistive system for femoral stem fracture patients. This paper evaluates the usability of the system, the results of which prove usability and effectiveness of the RASPSS development method. The RASPSS development model is designed to meet needs of stakeholders, improve the user rehabilitation experience, promote the service innovation of Smart PSS, bring certain market benefits of rehabilitation aids and create social value. 相似文献
7.
8.
This paper describes a technique using dimensional analysis that so far has been rarely, if ever, used in studies of universal
access. However, this procedure can produce a robust decision support process for inclusive designs. In this paper, it is
applied to a case study of a wheelchair robot computer interface with choices in data input methods, addressing disparate
requirements of different groups of intended users. The main underlying issue is to combine technical measurements, speed
of operation and cost with subjective opinion. It turns out that Braglia’s method has greater robustness in determining rank
compared to standard techniques. In this, case a simple switch was rated better than a mouse or voice operation for control. 相似文献
9.
Dimitrios Tzovaras Konstantinos Moustakas Georgios Nikolakis Michael G. Strintzis 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2009,13(1):51-58
This paper presents a mixed reality tool developed for the training of the visually impaired based on haptic and auditory
feedback. The proposed approach focuses on the development of a highly interactive and extensible Haptic Mixed Reality training
system that allows visually impaired to navigate into real size Virtual Reality environments. The system is based on the use
of the CyberGrasp™ haptic device. An efficient collision detection algorithm based on superquadrics is also integrated into
the system so as to allow real time collision detection in complex environments. A set of evaluation tests is designed in
order to identify the importance of haptic, auditory and multimodal feedback and to compare the MR cane against the existing
Virtual Reality cane simulation system. 相似文献
10.