Determination of non-methane hydrocarbon emission factors from vehicles in a Tunnel in Seoul in May 2000

Measurements of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) were performed at the entrance and exit of the Sangdo tunnel to estimate emission factors (EF) of NMHC from vehicles in May 2000. About 50 species were analyzed by a combined GC/FID and GC/MS system. Ethylene was the most abundant compound, followed by n-butane and acetylene, respectively. Based on the measurement data, the real world vehicular EF in Seoul was estimated. The highest EF value was 89.8 mg (veh-mile)^-1 for n-butane, followed by ethylene and toluene.     

全球化视野下城市特色的思考——以韩国首尔城市建设为例

在经济全球化时代,首尔的城市建设坚持将现代化与本土性相结合,协调世界性与民族性多元文化发展,注意对历史文化的保护,并在有机结合自然的可持续建设方面取得了一定成就,体现出了独具魅力的城市特色.     

Quantile regression on the nonlinear relationship between land use and trip time

This study conceptually confirms and empirically tests the potential that the significance and magnitude of the compact land use–trip time relationship differ by the degree of compactness and trip time. Based on a quantile regression of about 25,000 commuters in Seoul, Korea, the empirical analysis suggests a significant level for each neighbourhood land use variable and a magnitude change within the level. Weekend trip and school densities are significant for shorter trip time commuters, population density is significant for longer trip time commuters, and pedestrian density is significant for all commuters. Wherever significant, the land use variables exert stronger effects as their values increase.     

Changing Demographics and Housing Space Demand: The Case of Seoul Metropolitan Region in Korea

The aim of this paper is to estimate the future medium and large housing needs of low-income renter households of Seoul Metropolitan Region (SMR), and to recommend housing policy responses to these needs. Using demographic methods, this study first projects the total housing needs of SMR, then decomposes them into the needs for different housing sizes by tenure and household expense using the household–housing size matrix. Between 2005 and 2015, approximately 360 000 medium and large rental housing units are needed. We argue that the Korean government should prioritise rental housing policy, and diminish the polarisation in housing conditions between the better off and the worse off.

     

首尔市立大学建筑前廊设计浅析

建筑前廊是邻近建筑的具有过渡性的户外空间,是校园景观中极为重要的一部分。文章探讨了高校建筑前廊设计的影响因素,并对首尔市立大学校园内四处典型的建筑前廊进行分析,指出其在功能和形式上既满足客观需求,又丰富了校园空间。     

Urban Planning and Urban Sprawl in Korea

This research focuses on the issues of urban sprawl in Korea. The urban sprawl phenomenon began around the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) at the beginning of the 1990 s. The research reviews the situation in other cities around the country, and analyzes the causes of urban sprawl, such as population concentrations around the SMA, the failure of planning systems, land conversion and land prices. In particular, this article attempts to explain the increase in land price by using empirical data on the areas under investigation. The article also attempts to present planning alternatives to prevent further urban sprawl.     

(Science) Fiction,Ecophysical Apparatus and Skizoid Machines: Animism,Vitalism and Machinism as a Way to Rearticulate the Need to Confront the Unknown in a Contradictory Manner

François Roche of R&Sie(n) ruminates on the contradictory nature of the present: a time that is ‘vibrating’ while ultimately ‘lacking momentum’. Reclaiming ‘the scenarios and substances that condition architecture’, he rejects the large-scale flights of fancy of international signature architects and argues for the reactivation of ‘a throbbing, complex and unfinished “localism”’. In so doing, he advocates a machinism that enables fictionalisation and speculation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A study on typology of areas densely populated with foreigners in Seoul,South Korea

This study identifies the types of areas in Seoul where foreigners are concentrated by reflecting the characteristics of their region of origin and residence in Seoul. Lack of cultural understanding and uniform policies for various immigrant communities are causing some social issues. Hence, this study aims to prepare the basic data from which the government can predict changes in ethnic areas and prepare policies suitable for each derived type. The 14 most populous immigrant communities in Seoul were investigated, and cluster analysis and ANOVA test were performed. This examination resulted in four immigrant community types. Each type has specific characteristics, which have influenced the creation and change of the built environment. Types 1 and 4 are collectivistic. These types gradually tend to change urban environments to emulate the environment in their region of origin. In addition, they make little effort to improve their degraded environments, and such areas become increasingly backward. In contrast, types 2 and 3 are individualistic and prefer to assimilate into a migrant region. The formation and change of the urban environment for each type can be predicted on the basis of these characteristics. From this information, the government can prepare an appropriate urban architecture policy for each type.     

Effect of Ozone and GAC Process for the Treatment of Micropollutants and DBPs Control in Drinking Water: Pilot Scale Evaluation

To improve the quality of water supplied to the City of Seoul in Korea, a pilot-scale evaluation of how the conventional treatment process could be upgraded was conducted. Three candidate processes were evaluated and compared: a conventional process (consisting of coagulation, sedimentation, and rapid sand filtration) plus GAC (Train A); a conventional process plus ozone and GAC (Train B); and a process consisting of coagulation, sedimentation, intermediate ozone, sand filtration, and GAC (Train C). Treatment efficiency of the unit process and overall treatment trains were evaluated using several parameters such as turbidity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV absorbance at 254 nm (UV₂₅₄), specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), micropollutants (pesticides, benzenes, and phenols), disinfection by-products (trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs) and aldehydes), and total organic halogen (TOX). Results showed that ozone and/or GAC was effective for removing micropollutants and controlling chlorinated by-products such as THMs and HAAs. However, any synergistic effect of ozonation (adsorption and biodegradation) on GAC was observed due to the low concentration of aldehydes in raw and process water.     

特大城市解决交通拥堵问题的思路与实践 --以汉城为例

汉城的人口和建筑密度几乎都处于饱和状态,面临着严重的交通拥堵与停车场地不足的问题.汉城市政当局推行“新的公交系统”,全面开始城市公交革新.这项革新是一项包括体系改造、运营革新、管理升级和设备换代的系统工程,其中最突出的是采取“革命性措旋”——整治公共汽车交通,提高公交车的交通承担率,实现“便利交通、生产交通、安全交通”三个目标.