Sediment chemistry and nutrient influx in a hydrologically restored bottomland hardwood forest in Midwestern USA

Exchanges of total N and C between a river and its floodplain forest have been enhanced by sedimentation processes during flood pulses at a 5‐ha bottomland hardwood forest located at the Olentangy River Wetland Research Park in central Ohio. In the spring of 2000, the forest was hydrologically restored by notching an artificial levee that had separated the Olentangy River and its floodplain forest for 100 years. One‐hundred flat sediment traps (30 cm × 30 cm) were used to collect sediment samples during spring/summer flooding events from 2003 to 2005. Results showed that sediment deposition is determined by the landscape variability during flooding events, Net sediment deposit in the wettest area averaged 134 ± 12 g‐dry wt m^?2 in 2003, 127 ± 17 g‐dry wt m^?2 in 2004 and 149 ± 23 g‐dry wt m^?2 in 2005. Total N and C sedimentation ranged from 0.49 to 0.92 g‐N m^?2 and 5.2 to 19.9 g‐C m^?2. Fe dominates the sediment chemistry and results show the elemental abundance in the order of Al > Fe > Ca > K > Mg > S > P > Na > Mn > Zn > B > Cu > Mo. A hydrologic pulsing index (HPI) could be used as an indicator for mass changes of energies with hydrologic pulsing events. Restoration of seasonally flooded bottomland forests could stimulate potentially large nutrient and Fe releases, which would eventually lead to an enhanced forest productivity and biodiversity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

MEMORY·童年·印象--合肥市政务文化新区儿童公园概念性方案

合肥市政务文化新区儿童乐园的概念性方案,充分考虑了儿童的心理和成长交流需要,以儿童的自发活动为特色,兼顾各类活动设施,创造丰富活动空间,构筑了一个富有感染力、空间变幻多彩的都市儿童乐园.     

空间的塑造--厦门海湾公园设计

海湾公园利用植物、地形、大海与湖泊的周边环境等景观要素,运用隐喻、对比的手法,创造丰富、神秘、变化的空间,注重空间灵活的使用功能及其良好的人性化.     

Improved wetland remote sensing in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees to combine TM imagery and ancillary environmental data

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service uses the term palustrine wetland to describe vegetated wetlands traditionally identified as marsh, bog, fen, swamp, or wet meadow. Landsat TM imagery was combined with image texture and ancillary environmental data to model probabilities of palustrine wetland occurrence in Yellowstone National Park using classification trees. Model training and test locations were identified from National Wetlands Inventory maps, and classification trees were built for seven years spanning a range of annual precipitation. At a coarse level, palustrine wetland was separated from upland. At a finer level, five palustrine wetland types were discriminated: aquatic bed (PAB), emergent (PEM), forested (PFO), scrub-shrub (PSS), and unconsolidated shore (PUS). TM-derived variables alone were relatively accurate at separating wetland from upland, but model error rates dropped incrementally as image texture, DEM-derived terrain variables, and other ancillary GIS layers were added. For classification trees making use of all available predictors, average overall test error rates were 7.8% for palustrine wetland/upland models and 17.0% for palustrine wetland type models, with consistent accuracies across years. However, models were prone to wetland over-prediction. While the predominant PEM class was classified with omission and commission error rates less than 14%, we had difficulty identifying the PAB and PSS classes. Ancillary vegetation information greatly improved PSS classification and moderately improved PFO discrimination. Association with geothermal areas distinguished PUS wetlands. Wetland over-prediction was exacerbated by class imbalance in likely combination with spatial and spectral limitations of the TM sensor. Wetland probability surfaces may be more informative than hard classification, and appear to respond to climate-driven wetland variability. The developed method is portable, relatively easy to implement, and should be applicable in other settings and over larger extents.     

株洲工业园区升级发展的对策研究

工业是株洲的特色所在,株洲工业园区经过二十多年的发展,取得了长足的进步,但同时也存在着转型压力很大、造血功能不强、发展后劲不足、发展环境不优等问题。因此,株洲工业园区要实现升级发展,必须突出园区的集聚效应,以大园区集聚大产业,以大项目推动大集群,以大招商谋划大发展,以大服务构筑大环境。     

常见网络故障及处理方法

计算机网络在现代企业中的应用及重要性与日俱增,这就要求我们的网络管理员在实际工作中,当网络发生问题后,在第一时间内以最快的速度和快捷的方法找出故障症结并迅速解决。本文就我们日常工作中遇到网络故障后如何分析进行探讨,并提出相应地解决方法。     

The evaluation of cluster policy by fuzzy MCDM: Empirical evidence from HsinChu Science Park

In the recent years, industrial clusters have received considerable attention from economists and industrial analysts, because they are seen as the main reason for economic growth and success of certain economic region. This study systematically reviews past researches of industrial cluster. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of this issue regarding the driving forces for the growth of industrial cluster and find out the priority among these cluster policies. Taiwan HsinChu Science Park is a prime example for this paper, and its connection with the innovative participators. We begin with an examination of the literature on cluster about its driving forces and policies upon which we propose a conceptual framework. In doing so, we explore the cluster-based industrial system. Then this research adopts the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process as the analytical tool. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process method is used to determine the weightings for evaluation dimension among decision makers. From our research results, the Factor Conditions is the most important driving force for advancing the industrial cluster performance. Moreover, the promotion of international linkages policy and broader framework policies rank the first two priorities for cluster policy. Overall, this paper concludes with some simulations of cluster policy alternatives confronting the industry and the Taiwanese government.     

文化创意产业园区协同创新平台的构建——以江西服装创意产业为例

江西省服装产业正处于由劳动密集型产业向知识密集型产业过渡的关键时期.在此发展阶段,江西省应在大力发展服装制造加工业的同时积极培育服装创意产业的发展,尽力提升知识、技术、创意等生产要素对服装产业的贡献,摆脱对劳动力、土地、自然资源等初级生产要素的过度依赖.探究了如何构建服装创意园区的协同创新平台并促进服装产业的转型升级.     

基于BP网络的异步电机转子断条故障的自动识别方法

提出了一种以扩展Park矢量方法为故障特征提取手段、利用BP网络的模式识别功能自动诊断异步电机转子断条故障的新方法。该方法消除了故障信号中基频成分对断条故障特征分量的“湮没”影响,同时实现了故障的自动识别,免去了人为介入。故障诊断实例表明:该方法具有良好的有效性和准确性。