水乐洞文化声景研究

水乐洞是西湖诸洞中特色的洞穴景观代表,其蕴含着深刻的风景营造意义和人文价值。本文以水乐洞文化声景为研究对象,相关文献资料为依据,挖掘其“水乐”意象及追溯水乐文化的来源,从声源、声环境及声文化三个方面剖析水乐洞文化声景的特征,由此了解声景营造中有形与无形造景要素的融合。进一步研究水乐洞声景的文化感知,探讨“视觉”之外的感观在园林体验中的重要性,由此提出当今对水乐洞保护与利用的必要性。     

Analysis and evaluation of soundscapes in public parks through interviews and measurement of noise

The purpose of this work was to investigate the sound environment of public parks using a soundscape study model that analyzes not only noise but also all the types of sound of a given area, as well as other environmental factors. To this end, acoustic measurements were made in the parks under study and interviews were held with their frequent visitors. Noise measurements were conducted in 55 points, and a total of 335 people were interviewed in the 4 parks studied. The parks selected for this study are located in areas very close to streets with intense vehicle flow, raising the hypothesis that this proximity impairs the acoustic comfort of their visitors. The findings confirm the strong influence of traffic noise on the soundscapes of the parks. Noise measurements showed that in all parks, between 50 and 100% of the points evaluated displayed sound levels above 55 dB(A), the level established by Curitiba's Municipal Law 10625 as the limit permitted for green areas during daytime. Other conditions in the parks' environments were also identified, which interfere jointly in the soundscape and in its perception, such as spatial factors of each park, the urban setting of its surroundings, and the sounds originating inside the parks.     

Stereoscopic Urbanism: JG Ballard and the Built Environment

The fiction of JG Ballard was centred almost wholly on the built environment. Ballard took architectural design to its logical extreme and then contorted it further. Simon Sellars looks at how architects can learn from Ballard and, specifically, his use of urban sound as a metaphor. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.