Upgrading coal-derived liquids to diesel fuel

Distilled fractions of a coal-derived liquid from the H-Coal process were upgraded to diesel fuel by catalytic hydrotreatment. The total hydrotreated products were distilled into naphtha (<180°C) and diesel fuel fractions (>180°C) and the diesel fractions were analysed for hydrocarbon-type composition, hydrogen content and some diesel fuel properties. GC—MS-analyses were carried out on the hydrocarbon-type fractions to identify individual chemical compounds. To investigate the effect of different distillation cut points on diesel fuel yield and properties, cut points for one hydrotreated product were varied. The diesel fuel cetane numbers were correlated with percentage hydrogen, total aromatics and saturates. Cetane numbers above 40 were obtained for diesel fuels containing (i) more than 75% saturates, (ii) less than 15% total aromatics and (iii) a hydrogen content above 12.8%. Compounds identified by GC—MS-analyses (in the diesel fractions) were typical aromatic and cycloparaffin compounds. Normal-and iso-paraffin compounds were not detected. By varying the distillation cut point from 135 to 180°C, the cetane number of the residual diesel fraction improved from 37 to 44. This increase is ascribed to the removal of aromatic compounds in the 135–180°C boiling point range.     

The world’s most intense online gaming culture: Addiction and high-engagement prevalence rates among South Korean adolescents and young adults

Failure to establish agreed-upon criteria by which to measure and identify online video game addiction has resulted in a lack of reliable evidence of the actual percentage of individuals who are pathologically dependent. Building upon prior research, the present study sought to better determine the magnitude of pathological online video game play using a distinction between core and peripheral criteria for behavioral addiction. Preferences and perceptions towards online video games and addiction were also examined to better understand players’ habits. A questionnaire was administered to 1332 South Korean students across 11 high schools and 1 middle school in an area surrounding the capital of Seoul. Using a monothetic and a polythetic classification system, findings showed rates ranging between 1.7% and 25.5%, with a 2.7% addiction rate when distinguishing core from peripheral criteria. These results may suggest that online video game addiction rates in intense gaming cultures such as South Korea are not as high as otherwise believed. The findings will be of assistance to educators, policymakers, clinicians, and researchers in understanding the challenges in deriving meaningful video game addiction prevalence rates, and thus being able to better separate reality from conjecture with regard to the notion of pathological game play.     

Oscillation propagation features of the atmosphere around the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau during the spring season of typical strong and weak monsoon years

The interaction between the low-frequency atmospheric oscillation(Madden-Julian Oscillation,MJO) and the diabatic heating over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(QXP) from March to June is analyzed.The results show that there are respectively two and one wave trains around the QXP during the onset of the South China Sea monsoon in strong and weak monsoon years.The locations and strength of the wave train propagation differ between the strong and weak monsoon years.Because diabatic heating of the QXP prevents the lo...     

Organic geochemistry characterisation of crude oils from Mishrif reservoir rocks in the southern Mesopotamian Basin,South Iraq: Implication for source input and paleoenvironmental conditions

Seven crude oils from Cretaceous Mishrif reservoir rocks in the southern Mesopotamian Basin, South Iraq were studied to describe oil characteristics, providing information on the source of organic matter input and the genetic link between oils and their potential source rock in the basin. This study is based on biomarker and non-biomarker analyses performed on oil samples. The analysed oils are aromatic intermediate oils as indicated by high aromatic hydrocarbon fractions with more that 50%. These oils are also characterized by high sulfur and trace metal (Ni, V) contents and relatively low API gravity values (19.0–27.2° API). The results of this study indicate that these oils were derived from a marine carbonate source rocks bearing Type II-S kerogen that were deposited under sulphate-reducing conditions. This is primary achieved from their biomarkers and bulk carbon isotope and inorganic element contents (i.e., S, Ni and V). The absence of 18a (H)-oleanane biomarker also suggests a source age older than Late Cretaceous. The biomarker characteristics of these oils are consistent with those of the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous source rocks in the basin. However, biomarker maturity data also indicate that the oils were generated from early maturity source rocks. This appears to result from the type of kerogen of the source rock, characterized by a high-S kerogen (Type II-S).     

南水北调调蓄工程经济性的探讨

用于调节南水北调工程来水的有两类水库，在这两类水库中，一类为已建水库，位于南水北调中线以西较高位置，叫做“高库”，例如黄壁庄水库；另一类为拟建水库，位于中线以东平原洼地，也叫“低库”，以大浪淀水库为例．技术经济指标分析表明，第一类水库的供水成本明显小于后者，故得出如下结论：利用某些已建“高库”的闲置库容调节南水北调来水可能是经济的．     

万家寨引黄工程南干线3号隧洞出口段土洞施工

本文简要介绍了引黄工程南干线３＃隧洞出口段土洞围岩工程特性及施工情况等。     

Fusarium oxysporum associated with grapevine decline in the Hunter Valley, NSW, Australia

Fusarium oxysporum was isolated from roots of declining grapevines of cv Semillon ( Vitis vinifera L.) in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales. The pathogenicity of the fungus was confirmed by infecting grapevines growing in the glasshouse with material obtained from roots of field-grown vines. The symptoms of the infection on the plants and the effect of the fungus on the roots are described.     

苏南地区城郊居民居住状况与家具需求调查分析

对处于城市化进程中的苏南地区的部分居民进行了调查,了解他们当今和即将面临的居住条件、购买家具的行为特征以及对家具的消费需求,认为他们是一个特殊的家具产品消费群体,指出针对这一消费群体的家具设计分析和制造是必要的.     

Activity of a melimine derived peptide Mel4 against Stenotrophomonas,Delftia, Elizabethkingia,Burkholderia and biocompatibility as a contact lens coating

Purpose

To determine the antimicrobial activity of the melimine derived peptide Mel4 against Delftia, Stenotrophomonas, Elizabethkingia, Burkholderia and to investigate biocompatibility of Mel4 as an antimicrobial coating on contact lenses in animals and humans.

超临界CO_2从南海翡翠贻贝中萃取EPA和DHA的研究

用超临界ＣＯ２对南海翡翠贻贝中萃取二十碳五烯酸（ＥＰＡ）和二十二碳六烯酸（ＤＨＡ）工艺进行了研究,得出其最佳工艺条件为：压力３５ＭＰａ,温度３５℃,ＣＯ２用量２ｍｌ／ｇ料,尿素用量为乙酯量的１０％。乙酯的萃取率达到６１．５％。ＥＰＡ和ＤＨＡ乙酯总含量（ｗ）达到２８３２％。