SRS: Spatial-tagged radio-mapping system combining LiDAR and mobile-phone data for indoor location-based services

One of the most challenging issues in radio received signal strength (RSS)-based localization systems is the generation and distribution of a radio map with a coordinate system linked with spatial information in a large indoor space. This study proposes a novel spatial-tagged radio-mapping system (SRS) that effectively combines the heterogeneous properties of LiDAR and mobile phones to simultaneously perform both spatial and radio mappings. The SRS consists of synchronization, localization, and map building processes, and enables real-time spatial and radio mapping. In the synchronization process, the distance range, motion data, and radio signals obtained through the LiDAR and mobile phone are collected in nodal units according to the sensing time. In the localization process, a feature variance filter is used to control the number of features generated from LiDAR and estimate the positions at which the nodes are generated in real time according to the motion data and radio signals. In map building, the estimated positions of the nodes are used to extract spatial and radio maps by using a unified location coordinate system. To ensure mobility, the SRS is manufactured in the form of a backpack supporting LiDAR and a mobile phone; the usefulness of the system is experimentally verified. The experiments are performed in a large indoor shopping mall with a complex structure. The experimental results demonstrated that a common coordinate system could be used to build spatial and radio maps with high accuracy and efficiency in real time. In addition, the field applicability of the SRS to location-based services is experimentally verified by applying the constructed radio map to well-known fingerprinting algorithms using the heterogeneous mobile phones.     

Estimating long-term time-resolved indoor PM2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin using easily obtainable inputs

To evaluate the separate impacts on human health and establish effective control strategies, it is crucial to estimate the contribution of outdoor infiltration and indoor emission to indoor PM_2.5 in buildings. This study used an algorithm to automatically estimate the long-term time-resolved indoor PM_2.5 of outdoor and indoor origin in real apartments with natural ventilation. The inputs for the algorithm were only the time-resolved indoor/outdoor PM_2.5 concentrations and occupants’ window actions, which were easily obtained from the low-cost sensors. This study first applied the algorithm in an apartment in Tianjin, China. The indoor/outdoor contribution to the gross indoor exposure and time-resolved infiltration factor were automatically estimated using the algorithm. The influence of outdoor PM_2.5 data source and algorithm parameters on the estimated results was analyzed. The algorithm was then applied in four other apartments located in Chongqing, Shenyang, Xi'an, and Urumqi to further demonstrate its feasibility. The results provided indirect evidence, such as the plausible explanations for seasonal and spatial variation, to partially support the success of the algorithm used in real apartments. Through the analysis, this study also identified several further development directions to facilitate the practical applications of the algorithm, such as robust long-term outdoor PM_2.5 monitoring using low-cost light-scattering sensors.     

建筑工业化发展的多群体演化博弈与仿真研究

新型建筑工业化具有高质量、低消耗、可循环发展等特征，其推广已上升到国家战略层面。利用演化博弈方法，建立“政府-开发商-银行” 的三方动态演化博弈模型，进行各博弈主体策略的演化稳定性分析，并针对初始状态、奖惩力度、借贷风险和开发成本等对演化结果的影响进行动态仿真。在此基础上， 考虑开发商群体的网络拓扑特征对演化真实性的影响，引入复杂网络理论， 以无标度网络为载体描述开发商个体的连接偏好和决策机制，构建政府监管下的建筑工业化扩散模型，并通过仿真深入研究相关因素对扩散深度的影响作用，最后结合仿真结果给出相应对策建议。     

立柱加固型框架大楼的爆破拆除

采用定向控制爆破技术拆除立柱加固型7层框架大楼。为了彻底炸毁加固立柱,确保大楼顺利定向倾倒,通过多次爆破试验确定了炸药单耗、布孔参数和装药结构。为了控制大楼塌落时的触地震动,采取了秒差分区爆破、空中解体、铺垫缓冲层和开挖减震沟等技术措施。爆破过程中进行了震动监测。此外还介绍了起爆顺序、安全防护措施及爆破结果。     

飞机撞击下高温气冷堆乏燃料厂房损伤研究

本文针对典型高温气冷堆乏燃料厂房在双发商用飞机撞击载荷下的响应及结构完整性开展研究，并探讨结构特性对撞击损伤的影响。对乏燃料厂房及飞机分别建立有限元模型，通过弹体-目标相互作用分析模拟了飞机撞击过程，综合IAEA与NRC的评价准则对乏燃料厂房在飞机撞击下的损伤程度进行评估。数值结果表明：厂房上对应于机身及发动机的撞击位置发生可接受的局部损伤；乏燃料贮存井墙体对于提高构筑物抗飞机撞击能力有重要作用。此外，构筑物外形对损伤有很大影响，圆柱形壳体的抗飞机撞击能力显著强于方形厂房，是核电厂厂房设计的优化方向之一。     

A primary study of the acoustics of Chinese traditional theatrical buildings

The traditional performing arts and theatrical buildings in China can be traced back to a long history and were well developed during Song and Yuan Dynasties, 11th-14th centuries. Pavilion stage, opened on three sides and thrusting into the audience area, was unique and the most popular form in the open-air theatres, the courtyard theatres, and the indoor theatres up to the present day. As the traditional Chinese opera is performed in an abstract way, no stage settings are required and used. Therefore, the pavilion stage including the flat or domed ceiling and the back wall is virtually functioned as a reflective shell, which increases the early reflections and also intensifies the sound in the audience area. Meanwhile, it provides sufficient self-support to the performers. Acoustical parameters including reverberation time RT, early decay time EDT, acoustic ratio C50, strength index (loudness) G, and stage support factor ST1 were measured and reported on several traditional theatrical buildings.     

超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐技术的工业实践

报道了采用超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐技术的开发与工业应用.经过实验室开发确定的超声波强化原油破乳电脱盐专利技术--超声波-电场联合破乳脱盐组合技术采用顺逆流方式.该技术于2003年9月在齐鲁分公司完成工业应用试验后,超声波强化原油破乳设备直接投入生产运行,在不加入化学破乳剂的情况下,可使胜利混输原油(平均盐浓度为50 mg/L,平均水质量分数为0.5%～1.0%)脱后盐浓度低于3 mg/L,水质量分数小于0.3%.     

光纤光栅感温火灾探测报警系统在原油罐区的应用

通过对现有罐区火灾自动报警技术的认真考察、对比,在石西集中处理站原油罐区安装了光纤光栅感温火灾探测报警系统.该报警系统的传感信号是光的波长变化,传感器及其探测系统是靠光缆连接而进入被测现场,它具有高安全性、高可靠性、高绝缘性、高抗电磁干扰性、防潮耐蚀、寿命长等其他传统火灾探测报警系统无法比拟的优越性能.阐述了其系统构成和运行效果.该系统在石西集中处理站运用效果良好.     

QS-R02反渗透阻垢分散剂工业应用试验

介绍QS-R02新型反渗透阻垢分散剂在齐鲁股份有限公司橡胶厂反渗透系统的工业试验情况,同QS-R01反渗透阻垢分散剂进行了对比。工业应用试验结果表明:新型QS-R02反渗透阻垢分散剂的碳酸钙临界饱和指数LSI达到2.5,阻垢分散效果明显优于QS-R01,能够实现橡胶厂反渗透系统运行过程不加酸的目的。同时,QS-R02药剂磷含量低,浓水总磷含量达到国家污水综合排放二级标准要求,无环境污染,具有良好的经济效益和社会效益。     

系统仿真技术在控制系统中的应用

系统仿真技术是一种以对实际系统建立正确的数学模型为基础，以计算机为工具的对实际系统进行模拟的技术。计算机技术的高速发展，使系统仿真技术在各个领域中都得到了广泛的应用。以化工及工业锅炉自动控制系统中水箱系统的液位控制问题为例，阐述了系统仿真技术在自动控制领域中的应用。