用工农业废料配制的两种堆肥培育观赏植物

由工农业废料配制的两种堆肥作为试验用的基质:C1——酿造啤酒等废料(酵母和麦芽)加修剪下的柠檬树枝;C2——橄榄研磨厂废水的固体级分加橄榄树叶。以每种堆肥与泥炭藓泥炭或商品基质(CS)按不同的比例混合,可配制成16种基质。尽管基质的物理和理化特性例如总孔隙度和电导率(EC)都是合适的,但由堆肥提供的养分(氮和钾)释放缓慢,对金盏花发育的影响尤为明显。另一方面,由于对盐分含量敏感,EC和氯化物浓度是影响蒲包草生长的主要因素。为供金盏花发育的适宜的基质可以通过含量高达75?与泥炭或高达50?与CS混合,以及高达50?与泥炭或CS混合使用。对蒲包花来说,基质中堆肥比例应较低,可用50?与泥炭或CS混合,也可以用25?与泥炭或CS混合使用。因此,只要基质至少含有25%的泥炭或CS,源于工农业废料的堆肥可作为培育观赏植物的泥炭和CS的替代品。     

模糊数学方法在垃圾堆肥质量评价中的应用

通过选择堆肥质量指标,制定指标评价等级,构建模糊数学评价体系,采用垃圾堆肥试验数据,在单因素评价的基础上,综合考虑各因素的影响,对堆肥质量进行模糊综合评价。结果表明运用模糊综合评价法能客观地反映堆肥质量。该法可以作为一种简单有效的城市生活垃圾堆肥质量评价方法。     

Hydrodynamic behaviour of a new permeable pavement material under high rainfall conditions

Permeable pavements are among the most effective alternative solutions for sustainable stormwater management. They decrease impervious surfaces in urban areas, reduce the risk of flooding under high rainfall conditions and protect the natural environment against stormwater pollution. In a view to ensuring sustainable stormwater management, a new eco-material has been designed for producing permeable pavements. This material is a mixture of construction wastes (crushed concrete) and organic matter (compost). The crushed concrete is the structural support and the compost is used for retention and the biological treatment of stormwater pollution. The purpose of the research work presented in this paper was to evaluate the hydrodynamic behaviour of a new permeable pavement material under high rainfall conditions. The experimental approach adopted for this research study is a temporal moment analysis. Therefore, for the experimental study, we simulated high rainfall with a return period of 10 years (Torreilles in 2001, France). The rainfall data were provided by Meteo France. The rainfall was maintained at an intensity of 126 mm/h, corresponding to a flow rate of 16 l/h at laboratory apparatus scale. Then, the flow rate was increased three times, to 25 l/h, 50 l/h and finally 100 l/h to subject the material to extreme conditions.     

Hydrodynamic characteristics of a new permeable pavement material produced from recycled concrete and organic matter

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hydrodynamic characteristics of a new material to be used for permeable and purifying pavements in urban areas. The new material is a mixture of crushed concrete, to provide structural support, and a compost mix intended to retain and biologically treat stormwater pollutants. The first part of this study was to evaluate the hydraulic conductivity of the material at different mixing ratios to define the range of materials suitable for urban drainage applications. The second part of the study involved using tracing experiments to quantify the effects of the pollutant transport mechanisms occurring during the water infiltration process. These experiments were conducted under steady state flows condition using a conservative tracer (NaCl). The results demonstrate that while the addition of compost significantly reduced the permeability of the concrete mix, it was still suitable for use as a paving material in an urban environment. The increased residence time of the stormwater pollutants due to the addition of the compost mix was shown to have a positive effect on the biological treatment of the stormwater pollution.     

园林绿化废弃物在污泥好氧发酵上的应用

园林绿化废弃物是一种绿色废弃物,由于其组成及结构的特殊性,园林绿化废弃物是作为污泥好氧发酵的良好结构剂调理剂,有着一定的优缺点,能够很好地提高堆肥效率。同时经过二次发酵堆肥腐熟后的物料,其品质优良,是作为生产有机肥的良好原材料,能够更好地提高作物产量与品质。     

模糊数学方法在垃圾堆肥质量评价中的应用

通过选择堆肥质量指标,制定指标评价等级,构建模糊数学评价体系,采用垃圾堆肥试验数据,在单因素评价的基础上,综合考虑各因素的影响,对堆肥质量进行模糊综合评价。结果表明运用模糊综合评价法能客观地反映堆肥质量。该法可以作为一种简单有效的城市生活垃圾堆肥质量评价方法。     

市政污泥好氧堆肥处理影响因素的实验研究

为避免污泥产生的二次污染及充分利用污泥中的有效成分,对污泥进行堆肥处理是较好的污泥处理方法.考察了污泥含固率和pH值对污泥堆肥过程的影响.结果表明,污泥可堆肥的舍固率范围为25%～75%,最佳含固率为35%;可堆肥pH值为5.3～8.5.最佳pH值为7.4～8.3.