Microstructural investigation of long-term degradation mechanisms in GFRP dowel bars for jointed concrete pavement

Steel dowel bar is used to transfer loads in concrete pavement slab. However, once the steel dowel bar corrodes, it may cause faults, such as joint freezing in concrete pavement, level differences resulting from spalling or decreased efficiency of load transfer, etc., which are the same problems experienced by typical reinforcing steel. This study evaluated the applicability of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) dowel bar as a substitute for steel dowel bar. A microstructural analysis was conducted to examine the decrease in durability of GFRP dowel bar exposed to deterioration environments. To analyze the deterioration mechanism of GFRP dowel bar, scanning electron microscopy was employed and the porosity was measured by the gas absorption method. It was concluded that the longer the GFRP dowel bar was exposed to deterioration environments, the more the interlaminar shear stress decreased. This result was validated by the microstructural analysis. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effects of dowels produced from various materials on withdrawal strength in MDF and Pb

Wood dowels are commonly used in the construction furniture, but little information is available about the additive effects of dowels on the ultimate withdrawal strength of single or multidowel joints. This study was carried out to determine the tensile strength of 10‐mm‐diameter dowels produced from medium‐density fiberboard (MDF), plywood, scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and beech (Fagus orientalis lipsky), bonded parallel and vertical to the surface of MDF and particleboard (Pb) with poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and Desmodur‐VTKA (D‐VTKA). Tensile strength was applied to the dowels according to the procedure in the ASTM‐D 1037 standard. The effects of dowel species, direction of tensile, composite material, and type of adhesive on tensile strength were determined. The results showed that the highest tensile strength was obtained in beech dowels bonded vertically with PVAc adhesive to the surface of MDF at 7.91 N/mm². If the dowels used in furniture production are subjected to great tensile strength, beech dowels bonded with PVAc adhesive on MDF should be used. However, when dowels produced from MDF and plywood waste are used, they also can produce positive results. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 531–535, 2003     

碳纤维束铆钉锚固下CFRP布加固梁的力学性能

粘贴碳纤维布(CFRP)加固梁时,通常需对其进行锚固,避免发生因CFRP布过早剥离而无法充分利用其抗拉强度。但当梁施工空间较小,梁侧面形状不规则时,CFRP布锚固较困难,采用新型碳纤维束铆钉锚固的方式能够很好地解决这一弊端。本文通过对四组不同锚固方式下的CFRP布加固梁进行四点受弯承载力试验,对比分析加载过程中各梁的力学性能和破坏规律,研究表明碳纤维束铆钉锚固下CFRP布加固梁强度和刚度都有显著增强。进一步对碳纤维束铆钉锚固方法优化,得到最佳碳纤维束铆钉锚固深度约为80mm,最佳锚固间距约为200mm。     

宋式带“昂”斗栱节点力学性能试验研究

古建筑中宋式斗栱节点最为显著的特征之一就是带有“下昂”。为研究具有这种特征的斗栱节点的受力性能,制作 1∶3.52的缩尺模型试件进行竖向荷载试验和水平低周反复荷载试验,依据宋《营造法式》和实际建筑的 “有昂无梁栿”和“有昂有梁栿”两种类型的宋式斗栱节点模型,设计并制作了以柱头斗栱节点为对象的试验模型。研究结果表明：在竖向荷载作用下,栌斗始终作为薄弱构件首先破坏;下昂与梁栿虽打断了斗栱节点分层叠加,但其依旧能保持良好的整体性;水平荷载作用下单个斗栱节点的倒三角形构造易发生转动,但加入梁栿后,节点的转动受到约束而发生滑移,此时斗栱表现良好的耗能效果,由此说明斗栱节点良好的抗震性能并非来自单个斗栱节点,而是由其通过相互约束协同工作而产生;底部暗销有较强的锚固作用,斗栱节点水平承载力主要由底部暗销的锚固力和柱与斗栱节点接触面的摩擦力组成。     

钢-纤维复合纵筋和玄武岩纤维复合纵筋混凝土梁受剪承载力试验研究

为了研究纵筋分别采用钢-纤维复合筋(SFCB)和玄武岩纤维复合筋(BFRP筋)的混凝土梁受剪性能,以普通钢筋混凝土梁作为对比,设计并开展了46根梁的受剪承载力试验,变化参数为剪跨比、纵筋配筋率和有无箍筋。试验结果表明：三种纵筋梁的受剪承载力均随着剪跨比的减小而增大;SFCB梁的受剪承载力随着纵筋配筋率的增大也增大。此外,提出广义销栓作用影响系数的概念,推导其计算式,用于评价复合纵筋和玄武岩纵筋对混凝土梁受剪承载力的贡献,并据此建立受剪承载力计算式。经与国内外共223组混凝土梁(纵筋为钢筋、BFRP筋和SFCB等)受剪试验数据对比,验证所提广义销栓作用受剪承载力计算式的正确性。在此基础上,采用与钢筋混凝土梁受剪承载力规范公式相近的安全度,建议了适用于纵筋为复合筋和玄武岩筋的混凝土梁受剪承载力设计公式。     

正交胶合木销槽承压强度试验研究

正交胶合木(CLT)是一种绿色建材,具有可预制和正交各向异性等特点,应用前景非常广阔,而目前关于CLT力学参数的研究还处于起步阶段。通过对64组共计128个加拿大铁杉CLT试件开展半孔静力加载试验,得到试件的竖向荷载-位移曲线、破坏模态和销槽承压强度,分析了销栓直径、销栓与拼缝的位置关系、加载角度等多种变量对CLT销槽承压强度的影响。结果表明：销栓直径越小,销槽承压强度越大,销栓垂直于表层板且加载角度为90°时,拼缝降低了销槽承压强度,销栓垂直于表层板的承压强度大于销栓平行于表层板的承压强度。将试验结果分别与加拿大规范CSA O86-19、美国规范NDS-2018、美国CLT手册和《正交胶合木（CLT）结构技术指南》中销槽承压强度计算公式得到的计算结果进行对比,得到试验值与采用规范/手册相关公式计算结果的比值为0.46~2.38。在试验结果的基础上,对上述规范中销槽承压强度计算方法进行整合,汇总了适用于多种工况下加拿大铁杉CLT销槽承压强度的建议公式,试验值与建议公式计算值比值区间在1.10~1.57。     

Monitoring the “material climate” of wood to predict the potential for decay: Results from in situ measurements on buildings

Moisture has an important influence on fungal decay and therefore on the service life of wooden building components. The applicability of a long-term moisture recording system with glued electrodes was investigated on two different building objects: a cladding with different roof overhangs in Taastrup, Denmark, and a pedestrian timber bridge in Essing, Germany. Results after 2–4 years of in situ measurements are presented in this paper.     

防水板暗钉在高速公路隧道衬砌施工中的应用

着重介绍了太长高速公路官上隧道二次衬砌防水板暗钉的施工工艺、预防措施及其质量保障措施，指出施工中用暗钉铺设技术，有效保证了隧道衬砌无渗水，并保证了工程按期完成，为今后施工积累了经验。     

论小直径管缝式锚杆

本文在阐述管缝式锚杵的力学模型与基本公式的基础上,指出目前广泛采用的φ38～45的管缝式锚杄存在着结构参数不合理,耗钢量大,成本较高等问题。文章详细分析了使用小直径锚杄(φ29～32mm)的优越性,与通常使用的大直径锚杄相比,不仅节约钢材、降低成本,而且可以加快钻孔速度和提高锚固力。文章给出了小直径管缝式锚杄结构参数的计算公式和最佳参数,并指出推广应用中尚待解决的工艺和设备问题。小直径管缝式锚杄的推广应用,将是我国矿山支护技术的一项重大改革。     

钢筋混凝土T形截面梁在弯矩和扭矩复合作用下的极限强度计算

本文以极限平衡理论为基础,并考虑了T形截面梁腹板底部纵筋的销栓力作用,提出了弯扭复合作用下钢筋混凝土T形截面梁的极限强度计算方法。理论计算值与试验实测值吻合的较好。