地震作用下不规则建筑AMTMD控制的动力特性-Ⅰ:平动振动控制

主动多重调谐质量阻尼器(AMTMD)最优参数准则定义为:设置AMTMD不规则建筑的最大平动位移动力放大系数最小值的最小化。AMTMD有效性准则定义为:设置AMTMD不规则建筑最大平动位移动力放大系数最小值的最小化与未设置AMTMD不规则建筑最大平动位移动力放大系数之比。使用定义的准则,研究了不规则建筑标准化偏心系数(NER)和扭转对侧向频率比(TTFR)对AMTMD控制不规则建筑平动位移时的最优参数和有效性的影响。     

LRB曲线桥震致碰撞效应的非线性分析方法

发展了一种适用于体元模拟联间轴向正面碰撞效应的束缚面型碰撞单元（Constraint-sur-face Impact Element,CIE）;基于柔度法给出了不同以往文献中碰撞单元刚度的计算取值,该取值不仅理论合理且在物理角度可解释其合理性。将该方法应用于广州潮汕机场航站楼高架桥的震致碰撞分析。箱梁采用壳单元模拟,伸缩缝位置设有CIE,桥墩与箱梁间设置隔震单元模拟铅芯橡胶隔振支座（Lead-rubber Bearing,LRB）,采用通过试验得到的双线性刚度模型模拟其物理行为。采用非线性直接积分法进行时程分析,主要考察联间的碰撞力、LRB滞回耗能、LRB位移量、基底弯矩、剪力以及碰撞力分别对这些因素的影响。     

Earthquakes and children: The role of psychologists with families and communities.

The 2008 Sichuan Province earthquake and 2005 Pakistan earthquake are examples of natural disasters that took an unimaginable toll on children. In such disaster management contexts, family members as well as health care and school personnel are the first-line responders and are natural sources of continued social support as children recover. Although psychologists have increasingly sophisticated understandings of post-disaster reactions and strategies for helping children and adolescents cope with trauma, models for responding to mass catastrophes are limited, particularly in geographically remote communities and in regions in which mental health services are stigmatizing. With children’s well-being subsequent to earthquakes inextricably linked to family and community, psychologists can make important contributions in 3 spheres: (a) coordinating and activating collaborations within children’s existing social contexts to develop post-earthquake interventions; (b) designing prevention and preparedness programs focused on the emotional needs of children in earthquake-prone communities; and (c) conducting research on interventions and recovery with particular attention to developmental stage, sociocultural-economic contexts, and the similarities versus differences across various types of disasters. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Bayesian Approach for Estimating the Distribution of Magnitudes,Interevent Times and Distances of Earthquake Sequences

Abstract

A Bayesian approach has been applied to estimate the distribution of magnitudes, interevent distances and times of earthquakes occurred in 2017 in central Italy by using a small amount of random samples drawn from the distribution of the same seismic parameters for the earthquakes occurred in 2014-2016. We applied the method to the whole and aftershock-depleted seismicity by using the exponential and the normal model to fit the distributions of the seismic parameters. Our findings indicate that the exponential model fits the distributions of the seismic parameters much better than the normal model. Furthermore, in the whole seismicity case, the method requires at least 2100 to 2300 random samples to estimate the distributions of the seismic parameters of earthquakes occurred in 2017 with an estimation error less than 0.01; while in the aftershock-depleted case, a minimum number of random samples varying between 360 and 1470 occurred in 2014-2017 is required to estimate the distributions of the seismic parameters of earthquakes occurred in 2017 with an estimation error less than 0.01.     

基于BP神经网络的天然与非天然地震识别

基于BP神经网络算法,选择山东地区天然与非天然地震事件为研究对象,选取P波初动方向、P波初动振幅与S波最大振幅比以及P波最大振幅与S波最大振幅比作为神经网络输入元,构建合理的网络模型,搜集大量的地震样本数据进行训练,实现对山东地区天然与非天然地震事件的识别。震例预测结果显示,P波初动方向和振幅比可以作为识别天然地震和非天然地震主要依据,BP神经网络方法具有对地震事件类型识别的可行性。     

滑移摩擦型隔震结构考虑竖向地震作用影响的分析

摩擦滑移型隔震支座具有较好的减震效果和经济性能,越来越多地应用于结构隔震.这种支座屈服力取决于滑动摩擦力,与摩擦系数和支座竖向压力有关.地震动是多维的,本文考虑双向地震动,分析了采用摩擦滑移型支座隔震的质量块、基础隔震结构和顶层隔震结构,在不同摩擦系数和地震烈度情况下竖向地震作用对结构水平地震反应的影响.计算表明,在大摩擦系数、高烈度情况下,竖向地震作用对基础隔震和设备隔震有一定影响,建议考虑竖向地震作用的影响;而在小摩擦系数时则可忽略.并且,适当的屈服后刚度可以减小竖向地震作用的影响.     

基于优化模糊控制规则的磁流变阻尼减震结构地震反应分析

由于采用半主动控制的磁流变阻尼器减震结构存在非线性和时变等因素,精确数学模型的建立非常困难。模糊控制是一种比较合适的控制方法,但模糊控制的设计易受人类主观经验的影响而不甚完善,致使控制的效果受到影响。本文利用遗传算法提出一种优化模糊控制规则的新的控制算法,并对安装磁流变阻尼器的某3层钢筋混凝土结构进行了数值仿真,比较了无控结构、模糊控制结构及遗传算法优化模糊控制结构在地震作用下顶层的位移和加速度响应。结果表明:与人为经验设计的模糊控制相比,利用遗传算法优化的模糊控制可使结构顶层位移、加速度的控制效果均得到明显提高。     

损伤对单层柱面网壳在强震下破坏影响

利用通用有限元分析软件Abaqus,采用宏观、微观响应指标,通过对比理想与损伤两种情况下结构响应的差异,研究强震下损伤对单层柱面网壳破坏的影响。