Optical switching properties of RCo2-type alloy thin films by electrochemical hydrogenation

The switchable optical properties of Pd-protected RCo₂-type Ho_0.6Mm_0.4Co₂ alloy thin films have been investigated in a KOH electrolyte. The reversible optical switching has been carried out simultaneously by measuring transmitted light through the thin film during electrochemical charging–discharging of hydrogen. The dependence of switching speed and cyclic durability of the film on the charging and discharging current density as well as concentration of KOH electrolyte has been studied. In addition, cyclic voltammetric measurements have been performed to examine the hydride formation and decomposition reactions.     

再生骨料绿化混凝土的研究

本文主要介绍了绿化混凝土的概念、分类,绿化混凝土构筑适合于植物生长环境的措施。通过对再生骨料绿化混凝土的原材料和配合比试验以及物理力学性能及耐久性能试验,为进一步的工程应用提供了可靠的依据。     

改性沥青在道路大修工程中的应用

通过在山西省府西街段SMA改性沥青试验段的施工情况,详细地阐述了沥青在道路大修工程中的应用,提出了改性沥青施工的质量控制措施,以提高沥青路面的温度稳定性及弹性恢复性能,以期实现道路的耐久性等目的。     

提高拉刀耐用度的挤压工艺

拉刀在刃磨过程中存在不易获得定值前角且会降低刀具硬度等问题，为此设计了拉刀前刀面挤压工艺．该工艺简便易行，一把拉刀可挤压5—8次，效益好。使用证明，经挤压加工后的拉刀加工的零件精度高，且拉刀的使用寿命可提高30%以上。     

Development of a dual‐lamp projector with higher brightness

Stationary projectors mainly used in system applications have recently gained a wider application range, including general presentations in halls and large conference rooms and being used, for example, in digital signage and for monitoring purposes. Consequently, they are required to meet new market demands for durability, reliability, and flexibility in installation in addition to their conventional basic performance such as especially high brightness. To achieve especially high brightness, a new optical system with two lamps is proposed; the profile of the cover glass that prevents the glass from scattering is made aspherical, the profile of the beam‐combining mirror is improved with its position optimized, and the size of the incident plane of the integrator rod is made larger (1.1 times). These measures resulted in an optical system of an even higher efficiency with 7000 lm, which is the highest in its class (according to a June 2010 investigation). Also, the arrangement of two parallel lamps completely eliminated the effect of heat passing from one lamp to the other, which helped secure durability, reliability, and flexibility in installation. Furthermore, the combined use of the unique non‐telecentric optical system, adopted from the conventional single‐lamp model, helps maintain the class‐highest contrast ratio.^1,2     

公路隧道钢筋混凝土衬砌碳化耐久性区划

为了构建公路隧道衬砌碳化耐久性的定量设计方法,对比各碳化深度计算模型与实测数据,选定衬砌碳化的最优模型;根据实测数据分析隧道环境温湿度与洞外大气关系,基于全国气象监测站的温湿度数据,建立公路隧道运营环境温湿度区划;考虑公路隧道CO₂的释放源项并参照实测数据,构建隧道运营环境CO₂体积分数的计算方法;以碳化劣化速率梯度相等为原则,对我国隧道碳化环境进行分区,结合分区推荐我国公路隧道衬砌碳化耐久性定量设计的具体方法. 研究发现：隧道环境湿度与大气湿度相当,隧道环境温度变化趋势与大气环境一致,两者均值接近. 公路隧道内部CO₂体积分数与CO体积分数呈线性关系. 云南、贵州区修建的隧道工程衬砌受环境影响较大,西藏、青海、内蒙古、黑龙江、吉林等地区的待建隧道在进行衬砌耐久性设计时可以忽略碳化影响,其余全国大面积区域隧道衬砌的碳化耐久性设计可以对应《混凝土结构耐久性设计标准》中环境作用等级中的“轻度”进行设计.     

基于有限元分析的轮胎胎圈耐久性能优化

以新开发的175/70R14半钢子午线轮胎为研究对象,针对胎体帘布反包端点裂口问题建立有限元仿真模型。根据有限元分析结果提出增大胎体帘布反包端点高度的改进措施。结果表明,增大胎体帘布反包高度能够有效改善胎圈裂口现象,提高胎圈耐久性能;有限元分析结果与试验结果有很好的一致性。     

不同添加剂对AgSnO2In2O3触头材料电性能的影响

采用内氧化法工艺制备了不含添加剂及分别含添加剂CuO或TeO2的3种AgSnO2In2O3触头材料。应用模拟继电器试验设备检测了这3种材料在AC230 V、25 A阻性负载条件下的电寿命、熔焊力、电弧能量、燃弧时间、质量侵蚀率等相关电性能参数,并对检测结果及试验后铆钉触头样品进行了分析。研究发现:与不含添加剂的AgSnO2In2O3材料相比,添加剂CuO对材料的电寿命影响不大,而添加剂TeO2明显提高了材料的电寿命;含添加剂的两种材料的熔焊力和电弧能量均有了不同程度的降低,但它们的质量侵蚀率却明显增加。     

Microstructure and morphology of amine-cured epoxy coatings before and after outdoor exposures—An AFM study

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to study the morphology and microstructure of an amine-cured epoxy before and after outdoor exposure. Measurements were made from samples prepared in an essentially CO₂-free, H₂O-free glove box and from samples prepared in ambient conditions. For those prepared in a CO₂-free glove box, AFM imaging was conducted on (1) an unexposed air/coating surface, (2) an unexposed coating bulk, (3) an unexposed coating/substrate interface, and (4) a field exposed air/coating surface. For samples prepared in ambient conditions, only the unexposed air/coating surface was investigated. The same regions of the exposed samples were scanned periodically by the AFM to monitor changes in the surface morphology of the coating as UV exposure progressed. Small angle neutron scattering and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were performed to verify the microstructure and to follow chemical changes during outdoor exposure, respectively. The results have shown that amine blushing, which occurs only under ambient conditions, had a significant effect on the surface morphology and microstructure of the epoxy. The surface morphology of the samples prepared under CO₂-free, dry conditions was generally smooth and homogeneous. However, the interface and the bulk samples clearly revealed a two-phase structure consisting of bright nodular domains and dark interstitial regions, indicating an inhomogeneous microstructure. Such heterogeneous structure of the bulk was in good agreement with results obtained by small angle neutron scattering of unexposed samples and by AFM phase imaging of the degraded sample surface. The relationship between submicrometer physical changes and molecular chemical degradation is discussed. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Use of laser scanning confocal microscopy for characterizing changes in film thickness and local surface morphology of UV-exposed polymer coatings

Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) has been used to characterize the changes in film thickness and local surface morphology of polymer coatings during the UV degradation process. With the noninvasive feature of LSCM, one can obtain thickness information directly and nondestructively at various exposure times without destroying the specimens or deriving the thickness values from IR measurement by assuming uniform film ablation. Two acrylic polymer coatings were chosen for the study, and the physical and chemical changes of the two systems at various exposure times were measured and analyzed. Those measurable physical changes caused by UV exposure include film ablation, formation of pits and other surface defects, and increases in surface roughness. It was found in both coatings that changes in measured film thickness by LSCM were not correlated linearly to the predicted thickness loss using the changes in the CH band obtained by the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy measurements in the later degradation stages. This result suggested it was not a uniform film ablation process during the UV degradation. At later stages, where surface deformation became severe, surface roughness and profile information using LSCM were also proven to be useful for analyzing the surface degradation process Presented at the 81st Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, November 13–14, 2004 in Philadelphia, PA.