邮电网络与信息高速公路

介绍了深圳市邮电局计算机网络的体系结构与系统功能，并通过分析网络建设过程中所遇到的问题，指出了我国信息高速公路建设中可能出现和应该注意的问题。     

公路泥石流防治结构内泥石流体运动规律研究

泥石流是一种典型的公路水毁病害,也是公路水毁时主要破坏动荷载,遵循泥石流的运动规律和道路破坏特点,建立泥石流防治技术是治理公路水毁病害的关键。文章通过分析泥石流体的运动特点,提出了合理的速流槽泥石流防治结构剖面形状,根据能量守恒原理建立的泥石流体运动方程和根据平抛理论建立的泥石流体抛程计算公式,解决了泥石流防治结构受泥石流体作用力大小的计算和泥石流防治与公路水毁病害治理效果的理论判断问题,为同类型的特大型公路泥石流防治结构设计与公路水毁病害治理提供了理论依据。     

Risk appraisal of passing zones on two-lane rural highways and policy applications

Passing on two-lane rural highways is associated with risks of head-on collision resulting from unsafe completion of passing maneuvers in the opposite traffic lane. In this paper, we explore the use of time-to-collision (TTC) as a surrogate safety measure of the risk associated with passing maneuvers. Logistic regression models to predict the probability to end the passing maneuver with TTC less than 2 or 3 s-threshold were developed with the time-gap from initiation of the maneuver to arrival of the opposite vehicle (effective accepted gap), and the passing duration as explanatory variables. The data used for model estimation was collected using stationary tripod-mounted camcorders at 19 passing zones in Uganda. Results showed that passing maneuvers completed with TTC less than 3 s are unsafe and often involved sudden speed reduction, flashing headlights, and lateral shift to shoulders. Model sensitivity analysis was conducted for observed passing durations involving passenger cars or short trucks (2–3 axles), and long trucks (4–7 axles) as the passed vehicles for 3 s TTC-threshold. Three risk levels were proposed based on the probability to complete passing maneuvers with TTC less than 3 s for a range of opposite direction traffic volumes. Applications of the results for safety improvements of two-lane rural highways are also discussed.     

浅谈公路工程中沥青混合料离析的控制方法

从原材料和沥青混合料的施工等方面全面分析了沥青路面混合料离析产生的原因及过程,提出了在施工中防止沥青混合料离析的技术措施,以有效控制离析,提高沥青路面的质量,从而延长路面的使用寿命。     

公路曲线测设的新方法

本文提出公路曲线测设的一种新方法，该方法具有快速、准确、方便、减少误差积累的优点．文章从一般测设的几种方法开始，给出了新方法的计算公式及操作过程．     

Relating Cost Growth from the Initial Estimate to Design Fee for Transportation Projects

Intuitively, there should be a relationship between the size of the design fee for a transportation project and the quality of the resulting design. This study sought that relationship by looking at the fee expressed as a percentage of the construction cost and the final construction cost growth from the engineer’s initial estimate of the construction cost at the time the design contract was awarded. The research team analyzed 31 projects from the Oklahoma Turnpike Authority with a total construction value of $90 million. The projects were divided into road and bridge projects. Based on the results of the analysis, it seems that as the design fee decreases, the absolute percentage of construction cost growth from the engineer’s early estimate increases. The relationship is strongest for bridge projects, which tend to be more technically complex to design than roadway projects. This confirms for U.S. projects the result of an earlier study in Saudi Arabia. This paper concludes that the design fee should be viewed as an investment at a point in time where the ability to impact the project is the highest and can accrue the benefit of reduced cost growth.     

上海高速公路收费站拥堵状况和扩容改造措施

上海市高速公路收费站拥堵问题日益突出,已影响到高速公路的服务质量。拥堵原因主要有:交通量明显超过设计通行能力、部分收费站设计通行能力过低、收费站出口疏解不畅。扩容改造措施主要有:收费车道外侧拓建、建设前后分离式网架收费站、不停车电子收费(ETC)改造、可变车道、一岛双亭。目前广泛使用的是拓建收费车道和进行ETC改造。特别是ETC车道通行能力可几倍于人工收费车道,且可降低收费站成本、节约收费人工,将是解决收费站拥堵的有力措施,目前正处于高速发展中。     

加强国防公路建设工程质量监督的思考

分析了国防公路建设中存在的问题,从完善监督法规体系,建立四级质量保证体系,强化建设质量监督检查等方面论述了加强国防公路工程建设质量监督的对策,以期将国防公路工程质量监督工作推向法规化、制度化、程序化。     

高速公路筑养过程中的防雷措施

针对雷电灾害对高速公路的危害,分析了雷电侵入高速公路机电系统的途径,介绍了防雷接地的种类和作用,提出了高速公路机电工程的防雷措施并作了具体阐述,以期减少雷击造成的损失,保证高速公路正常运行。     

防雪栅设计高度的数值仿真研究

防雪栅是一种有效防治公路风吹雪雪害的措施之一。本文基于雪害形成机理,论述了公路风吹雪雪害数值仿真的思路和方法,并针对路堤这一典型路基断面形式,运用该仿真技术,就防雪栅设计高度对防雪效果的影响进行了研究,其结果与国内外已有的研究成果相吻合,从而为防雪栅及其他防雪设施的设计提供了一种新的分析方法。