Mechanical properties,corrosion resistance,and rubber pad forming of cold differential speed-rolled pure titanium for bipolar plates of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells

Due to problems such as pores on surface-treated coatings, the corrosion resistance of pure titanium bipolar plates for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells can be further improved by increasing the corrosion resistance of pure titanium by using differential speed-rolling (DSR); however, these materials have not yet reached the standard requirements of bipolar plates (corrosion current density i_corr＜10³ nA·cm^?2). In this work, the corrosion resistance of pure titanium was improved by optimizing the DSR process while the strength was maintained. The best corrosion resistance of the DSR pure titanium was achieved when the roller speed ratio was 2, while i_corr was 429 nA·cm^?2 in a solution of 0.5 M H₂SO₄ and 2 mg/L HF at room temperature. The formability of the DSR pure titanium for bipolar plates was verified. The optimal holding pressure range was 6.8–7.0 kN.     

Investigation of stress fields for non-standard sized glass plates loaded by ring-on-ring

A ring-on-ring (ROR) test is a prevailing test method for evaluating the equi-biaxial strength of glass materials. However, current ROR test standards limit the strength and size of glass to prevent a nonlinear behavior. In this study, the feasibility of ROR testing for non-standard, high-strength glass, such as tempered or ion-exchanged rectangular glass is investigated. To this end, ROR simulation based on theory and experiment is conducted for thirty non-standard glasses with widths of 100–300 mm and aspect ratios of 1.0–2.0. As a result, the maximum measurable stress was about 215.6 MPa for 100 × 200 mm glass and 481.3 MPa for 300 × 600 mm glass with a 3% deviation, which is well above the strength of regular tempered glass. The main purpose of this work is to understand the range of aspect ratio of horizontal and vertical widths of a glass plate that can be evaluated by the standard ROR test.     

压裂水平井产能预测方法研究进展

水平井压裂技术在低渗透及非常规储层中得到了广泛应用,压裂后水平井的产能预测关系到油田开发方案的制定,因此,国内外学者对压后渗流模型的建立和求解方法做出了不懈的努力。本文详细回顾了国内外学者所建压裂水平井产能预测模型及求解方法,指出了不同模型和求解方法的优缺点,并展望了压裂水平井产能模型的发展方向。     

The analysis and comparison of two novel kinds of focusing elements as reflectors

In this article, two novel kinds of focusing elements as reflectors are analyzed and compared. One is the grooved Fresnel zone plate reflector with continuous phase‐correcting. The other called subzone paraboloid reflector, has the profile that consists of a series of paraboloids. Their diffraction efficiencies and bandwidths are described. The two elements still preserve the advantages of Fresnel zone plates, namely, low profile, high efficiency, and simple fabrication. Two dual‐reflector antennas using the proposed focusing elements as the main reflectors are simulated and the results show that these antennas have good radiation performances. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:101–108, 2015.     

Thermal imaging of time-varying longitudinal defects in the internal coating of a tube

We deal with the mathematical model of the incremental degradation of the internal coating (e.g. a polymeric material) of a metallic pipe in which a fluid flows relatively fast. The fluid drags solid impurities so that longitudinal scratches, inaccessible to any direct inspection procedure, are produced on the coating. Time evolution of this kind of defects can be reconstructed from the knowledge of a sequence of temperature maps of the external surface. The time-varying orthogonal section of this damaged interface is determined as a function of time and polar angle through the identification of a suitable effective heat transfer coefficient by means of Thin Plate Approximation.     

浅析火力发电厂汽水系统中内径管与外径管的设计选择

按照管道加工工艺的不同,管道可分为内径控制管和外径控制管。通过热轧工艺生产的外径控制无缝钢管,可满足火力发电厂汽水系统中绝大部分管道的使用要求。对于超(超)临界机组的主蒸汽和高温再热蒸汽管道采用的P91/P92材质的大口径厚壁无缝钢管,由于对材料性能和加工工艺有特殊要求,因此宜采用内径控制管。     

高温高盐高含水油藏提高水驱采收率配套技术

针对江汉油区高温高盐高含水油藏的储层条件,应用国内外油藏精细描述、油藏工程最新理论与技术,提出了高含水油田合理钻加密井、完善注采井网、水平井挖潜、不稳定注水及高温高盐油藏采油工艺配套技术措施,形成了一套适应高温高盐高含水油藏提高水驱采收率的配套技术。     

具有底水边界的水平井压力不稳态特征分析及认识

根据水平井三维渗流特征，在底水油藏情形仍假定顶面为不渗透隔层所封闭，底部则是恒压边界，水平井渗流表现为早期径向流以及稳定流动期，由此进行常规试井分析。以TKxxDH井为例，通过水平井的静压、压恢试井资料结果的对比分析，阐述了不稳定试井资料的应用，为此类油藏油井模型的选择及效果评价提供了可借签的经验。     

乳化钻井液条件下高温高压气井气体扩散研究

高温高压下甲烷在油里的溶解度大，水包油乳化钻井液中存在油相，钻井作业中钻井液静置期间如起下钻、工具故障抢修等时间过长，储层中的甲烷气体会扩散到井眼里。在钻高含硫化氢及二氧化碳气井时，高温高压条件下天然气更有可能到达与油完全互溶的状态。文章将储层内的水平段井眼的气体扩散区域划分为4个区，外滤饼区、内滤饼区、滤液滞留区、滤液未污染区，根据外滤饼区、内滤饼区、滤液滞留区不同计算参数条件，计算预测了在使用水包油乳化钻井液情况下，储层中天然气通过扩散穿过3个区后，进入储层内井眼段环空导致的环空含气质量浓度变化，对环空内含气质量浓度随扩散时间、含油浓度因素的变化进行了定量计算。用伽略金有限元方法求解，计算表明，气体扩散量随钻井液静置时间延长而增加，水基钻井液加入油后与不加油的钻井液相比增大了气体扩散量。     

大位移井钻柱振动规律研究与应用

在大位移井钻井工程中钻柱受着各种振动，当各种振动共振时，钻柱承受着非常大的动载，很容易受损，同时，钻柱的振动影响着井壁的稳定，严重威胁着井下的作业安全。以大位移井近井底的钻柱为研究对象，分析了钻柱振动行为所遵循的规律。采用线性分析法，获得了大位移井钻柱横向振动和扭转振动的频谱方程。同时获得了钻柱各种共振频率的分布。经分析表明：大位移井钻柱的横向振动和扭转振动的共振频率与实际钻井转速非常接近，应合理选择转速以减小钻柱共振的发生。文章的分析研究为大位移井钻柱动态行为的研究提供了理论依据。