Strategies for Coping With Business Trips: A Qualitative Exploratory Study.

This study aimed to better understand the impact of business trips on the traveler, the family, and the organization; to learn about maximizing the positive aspects of business travel; and to suggest measures to prevent and manage travel stress. Thirty-five business travelers (American, Israeli, and Swedish) were interviewed about the costs and benefits of their traveling, with a focus on gaining insight into coping strategies. Content analysis of the interviews showed that trips consist of 4 phases--(a) pretrip, (b) journey, (c) stay, and (d) posttrip--and that each phase is characterized by different coping strategies. Business travelers reported using proactive individual and organizational coping strategies in the pretrip phase and a combination of proactive and reactive coping strategies in the other phases. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

客运专线修建后城际旅客出行方式选择的变化

在分析影响旅客出行方式选择行为因素的基础上,根据Logit模型,选择经济性、快速性、方便性、舒适度、安全性为5个衡量指标并建立其广义费用函数,推导出客运专线修建前后城际旅客对各出行方式选择变化的计算模型,利用相关研究结果和极大似然估计法,确定模型参数。最后以郑西客运专线为例进行了模拟计算。结果表明,客运专线的技术经济特征决定了其能够给城际旅客带来较高的效用,客运专线修建后,选择铁路出行的城际旅客比例将大大提高。     

The role of latent and active failures in workplace slips, trips and falls: an information processing approach

The vast majority of the published workplace slips, trips and falls (STF) literature is exceedingly narrow in its focus and often ignores wider systems issues in workplace STF aetiology. There is little recognition within the published literature of the importance of latent failures or the upstream organisational and cultural contexts within which workplace STF occur. This is unfortunate, as a systems approach to workplace STF analysis, that is inclusive of latent design and work organisation factors that often shape worker behaviour patterns related to STF risk (e.g. rushing, risk taking), is fundamental to the development of effective prevention measures. The aims of this paper are to provide an understanding of workplace STF causation that is cognisant of the potential role of both active and latent failures in STF causation. The paper presents an ergonomics model for workplace STF analysis that highlights information processing in STF aetiology, the STF incident process and the interaction between latent and active failures in STF causation. The paper draws upon ergonomics research conducted in a range of occupational contexts to illustrate the key features of the model as it applies to workplace STF. Implications of the model for analysis and prevention of STF are discussed.     

Using social media to enrich information systems field trip experiences: Students’ satisfaction and continuance intentions

A well-designed field trip can promote active learning and reinforce classroom materials. Few studies have examined the potential for social media to enhance IS field trip experiences by promoting active and collaborative learning. One major barrier to the exploitation of this potential is the lack of the adoption of social media by students as a learning tool to enhance field trip experiences. Therefore, the first task is to understand how to increase the satisfaction of students in their use of social media to enhance IS field trips. This research sets out to understand the factors that could help increase students’ satisfaction with the use of social media to enhance IS field trips, and thereby their intentions to continue to use social media in future field trips. The results show that to increase user satisfaction, course instructors should ensure that students perceive the social media sites used for enhancing field trip study to be trustworthy, effortless, useful and accepted by their peers. Future research could determine how we can incorporate the use of social media to enhance the field trip learning experience.     

A fuzzy reasoning and fuzzy-analytical hierarchy process based approach to the process of railway risk information: A railway risk management system

Risk management is becoming increasingly important for railway companies in order to safeguard their passengers and employees while improving safety and reducing maintenance costs. However, in many circumstances, the application of probabilistic risk analysis tools may not give satisfactory results because the risk data are incomplete or there is a high level of uncertainty involved in the risk data. This article presents the development of a risk management system for railway risk analysis using fuzzy reasoning approach and fuzzy analytical hierarchy decision making process. In the system, fuzzy reasoning approach (FRA) is employed to estimate the risk level of each hazardous event in terms of failure frequency, consequence severity and consequence probability. This allows imprecision or approximate information in the risk analysis process. Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (fuzzy-AHP) technique is then incorporated into the risk model to use its advantage in determining the relative importance of the risk contributions so that the risk assessment can be progressed from hazardous event level to hazard group level and finally to railway system level. This risk assessment system can evaluate both qualitative and quantitative risk data and information associated with a railway system effectively and efficiently, which will provide railway risk analysts, managers and engineers with a method and tool to improve their safety management of railway systems and set safety standards. A case study on risk assessment of shunting at Hammersmith depot is used to illustrate the application of the proposed risk assessment system.     

京津高速铁路接地方式研究

针对京津高速铁路运行速度高、牵引电流大、钢轨泄漏电阻大以及牵引网采用AT供电方式的特点,根据牵引供电系统特点和回流接地的基本要求,采用MATLAB编程仿真计算,分析在铁路正常运营和短路故障状况下影响钢轨电位大小的各种因素,对比结果表明,牵引网采取设置综合接地线等措施后,牵引网故障情况下的钢轨最高电位已被显著降低,并在钢轨安全电位的允许范围内。在钢轨与保护线间每隔一定距离作多次横向联结(CPW线)能起到降低钢轨电位的作用。在T-R短路情况下,钢轨电位在牵引变电所附近3 km范围内为钢轨电位防护的重点区域。     

A vehicle routing problem solved by using a hybrid genetic algorithm

The main purpose of this study is to find out the best solution of the vehicle routing problem simultaneously considering heterogeneous vehicles, double trips, and multiple depots by using a hybrid genetic algorithm. This study suggested a mathematical programming model with a new numerical formula which presents the amount of delivery and sub-tour elimination. This model gives an optimal solution by using OPL-STUDIO(ILOG CPLEX). This study also suggests a hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) which considers the improvement of generation for an initial solution, three different heuristic processes, and a float mutation rate for escaping from the local solution in order to find the best solution. The suggested HGA is also compared with the results of a general genetic algorithm and existing problems suggested by Eilon and Fisher. We found better solutions rather than the existing genetic algorithms.     

基于广域同步测量系统的预防连锁跳闸控制策略

潮流转移引起的连锁跳闸是导致世界各国大停电事件发生的重要因素，严重地威胁着电力系统的安全运行。该文针对潮流转移引起的连锁跳闸问题，提出了一种基于广域同步测量系统(WAMS)的预防连锁跳闸控制策略。利用网络支路电流与注入电流之间的关系，提出了最佳切机、切负荷控制点的选取原则，在此基础上推导了切机、切负荷控制量的计算方法，并提出了这一预防连锁跳闸控制策略的流程；同时，给出了控制策略中涉及到的动态过程中切机、切负荷前支路电流的计算方法。最后，文中对新英格兰10机系统进行了发生潮流转移情况下切机、切负荷控制策略的仿真，验证了该控制策略的有效性。     

城市土地利用混合程度与居民出行空间分布——以南京主城为例

本文讨论了土地利用的混合程度与居民出行空间分布的相互作用关系，明确了城市片区的土地利用混合程度概念与计算模式，并通过城市土地利用、居民出行情况的调查数据与统计结果及趋势曲线，分析土地利用混合程度与居民出行空间分布的作用机理，构建片区土地利用混合程度与片区内部居民出行比例两者之间的关系模型。     

九江至池州城际铁路跨鄱阳湖线路方案研究

根据九江至池州城际铁路技术要求,结合城市规划,考虑工程实施难度、工程投资、通航条件及环境保护等各种因素,经过技术经济比较,选出了最合理的线路方案。