铌和钨对γ-TiAl基合金热稳定性的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)，扫描电镜(SEM)，X射线衍射研究了TiAl—5Nb，TiAl—14．3Nb，TiAl—8Nb—1W，TiAl—12．3Nb-2W四种合金片层组织在1000℃的热稳定性。结果表明，TiAl—12．3Nb-2W合金热稳定性最好，但合金元素对TiAl基合金热稳定性的影响机理还有待进一步的研究。     

武钢热轧厂层流冷却系统改造及节能效果

针对武钢热轧厂层流冷却系统能耗高，水压不稳，系统反应慢，供水泵工作效率低等缺陷，进行系统改造。提高了系统的控制精度和产品质量，节能降耗取得了明显的效果。     

共晶强制性熔化的界面形态

对透明共晶系ＣＢｒ４－８．４ｗｔ－％Ｃ２Ｃ１６生长的典型层片共晶组织强制熔化进行实时实地观测．表明相对于强制生长时的“界面滞后”现象，熔化界面温度高于静止时界面温度，熔化界面比静止界面更靠近热端，称为“界面超前”．随熔化速度增大，“界面超前量”增大；共晶组织分层熔化，出现两个熔化界面，α和β相熔化秩序不同，α，β相分别单独熔化，两熔化界面的相对位置由α，β相成分，熔化速度和共晶相间距等因素决定．     

Controllable synthesis of pure monodispersed zirconia nanopowders with tetragonal phase

Nanopowders of pure zirconia have been synthesized using citric acid (CA)-assisted lamellar liquid crystal template method. The microstructure of the zirconia powder prepared at the different mole ratios of CA to zirconium oxynitrate (ZN) was characterized by FT-IR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser particle size analyzer, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The phase structure of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O system before and after adding mixing solution CA and ZN was determined by POM (Polarizing Optical Microscope). The results show that lamellar structure of the SDS/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O system after adding mixing solution CA and ZN is stable. The presence of CA inhibits agglomeration and growth of zirconia particle. The crystallite size of zirconia powders decreases and agglomerates lowly with addition of CA. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FI-IR) analyses reveal that the structure of chelating organic complex is maintained in zirconia structure at high-temperature calcination to cause oxygen vacancies which stabilizes the tetragonal phase of zirconia. The zirconia powders remained the single metastable tetragonal phase at the molar ratios of CA to ZN ranging from 1:3 to 5:1. The crystallite size of zirconia with spherical morphology varied from 32.2 to 20.1 nm with the increase of the molar ratio of CA to ZN in the range of 1:3 to 5:1.     

全层状TiAl合金层片生长及其影响因素

利用光学显微镜(OM)和TEM，研究了全层状TiAl合金的层片间距的影响因素及与各因素的关系。实验结果表明，全层状TiAl合金的层片间距与冷却速度和合金中铝含量有关，层片间距与冷却速度呈反比关系，并随着合金中铝含量的增加而增加。同时，以层片生长的台阶机制为基础，推导出了全层状TiAl合金在连续冷却过程中层片间距的数学表达式，推导结果与实验结果相符。     

Flattening and solidification of thermally sprayed particles

In this article, molybdenum particles were plasma sprayed on copper, zirconia, and glass substrates. The impact of the molten particles was monitored using a fast two-color optical fiber pyrometer focused on a small spot on the substrate surface. The apparent duration of the flattening process and the cooling speed, both determined from the pyrometer signals, were found to depend on the substrate conditions and to vary with coating thickness. The substrate material and its roughness were also found to influence the texture in the sprayed coatings. Furthermore, a transient thermal flow numerical model was used to compute reliable thermal histories of the impinging particles and the underlying lamellae, the interfacial thermal resistance being determined by comparison of experimental thermograms with computed ones.     

Effects of melt‐extension and annealing on row‐nucleated lamellar crystalline structure of HDPE films

The row‐nucleated lamellar crystalline structure of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) films was prepared by applying elongation stress to HDPE melt during T‐die cast film extrusion and subsequently annealing the extruded films. This unusual crystalline structure was analyzed in terms of lamellar crystalline orientation, long‐period lamellar spacing, crystallite size, and degree of crystallinity. The contribution of melt‐extension represented by draw‐down‐ratio (DDR) to the overall orientation was found to be most noticeable than other processing variables. Meanwhile, the long‐period lamellar spacing, the crystallite size, and the degree of crystallinity were influenced predominantly by the annealing temperature. Finally, the processing (melt extension and annealing temperature) – structure (lamellar crystalline structure) – property (hard elasticity) relationship of HDPE films was investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3326–3333, 2007     

硅酸盐富锌（水性）防腐涂料的研究

通过分析比较，找出制备硅酸盐富锌涂料的理想配方。试验检测表明：该涂层具有良好的附着力，较强防腐性能等。是一种很有发展潜力的防腐蚀涂料。     

Lamellar Thickness of a Syndiotactic Polystyrene Determined from Small-angle X-ray Scattering and Transmission Electron Microscopy

Extensive morphological studies on a syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) sample prepared from compression molding were carried out using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SAXS was conducted at 25C as well as at 150C to enhance the scattering contrast in order to obtain more reliable morphological parameters. The compression-molded sample was crystallized into a orthorhombic crystal lattice characterized by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). A similar weight fraction of crystallinity, ca. 0.37, was obtained from both WAXD and differential scanning calorimetry measurements.In addition to the scattering peak at a scattering vector of ca. 0.36 nm^–1 attributable to the presence of lamellar/amorphous layers, anomalous scattering at the zero angle was found from the SAXS intensity profiles. Based on the Debye–Bueche theory, the scattering profile of this peculiar zero-angle scattering was deduced and was subtracted from the raw intensity profile to obtain the intensity profile exclusively associated with the lamellar/amorphous structure. A consistent long period was obtained for SAXS measured either at 25 or 150C, provided that the appropriate subtraction of intensities due to the zero-angle scattering was conducted. Moreover, the lamellar thickness deduced from the one-dimensional correlation function was in good agreement with TEM results. A difference scattering pattern derived from SAXS measured at 150 and 25C was obtained and a comparison of the morphological parameters was provided as well.     

锌粉颗粒形状对机械沉积无结晶镀层结构的影响

以球状锌粉和片状锌粉为原始锌粉借助于机械镀工艺制备了无结晶锌防护层，运用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察了镀层的结构形貌；采用XRD技术分析了镀层的物相组成；采用贴滤纸法进行了镀层的孔隙率测试。研究结果表明，片状锌粉制备的镀层比球状锌粉制备的镀层表面要平滑、光亮。球状锌粉制备的镀层中锌粉颗粒呈紧密堆积，部分锌粉颗粒发生塑性变形；片状锌粉制备的镀层中的锌粉颗粒呈层片状叠加，镀层中锌粉颗粒没有发生明显塑性变形。两种形状锌粉制备的镀层均为锌基多相混合体系，镀层中没有固溶体、化合物等合金相产生，属于锌基复合镀层。锌粉颗粒形状对镀层中颗粒之间的结合机理没有显著影响，两种镀层中锌粉颗粒间均以机械咬合为主。