Reinforced masonry beams under shear load – Proposals for future designs / Bewehrte schubbeanspruchte Mauerwerksbalken – Vorschläge für zukünftige Bemessungen

This article is written against the backdrop of the work of the European standardisation committees on the amendment of EN 1996‐1‐1 [N 4] which will also exert an influence on the design of reinforced masonry in Germany. This paper focusses on the design approaches of DIN EN 1996‐1‐1 for untensioned reinforced masonry beams under shear load in the ultimate limit state (ULS). Proposals are made to discuss their revision. The contents of E DIN 1053‐3 [N 3] and of the final draft of the guideline ”Flat Lintels” [7] are taken into account.     

按施工程序砌筑钢筋砖过梁

分析了产生钢筋砖过梁不正确砌筑方法的原因及指出了产生的弊病 ,提出了正确的砌筑方法。     

整体现浇组合过梁配筋形式与力学性能研究

研究了非抗震作用下整体现浇组合过梁的配筋形式,通过本文建立的模型进行了整体现浇组合过梁配筋量的计算,利用试验验证了上述配筋形式的可行性,得到如下结论：1）过梁部分受拉区钢筋锚入连梁或框梁的锚固长度36 d（非抗震设计）满足要求,过梁部分受拉区配筋形式理论上可行;2）按照连梁或框梁部分与过梁部分分别计算的配筋量,当达到正常使用极限状态时,连梁或框梁部分受压区钢筋与过梁部分受拉区钢筋能够达到甚至超过屈服强度,而连梁或框梁部分受拉区钢筋则未达到屈服强度,将连梁部分受拉区钢筋面积减少20％左右时才能达到屈服强度;3）过梁部分受拉区钢筋面积需要增加40％左右才能保证设计的安全可靠度.     

设水平直缝的连梁在筒体结构体系中的应用

建筑结构的抗震性能与结构的强度、刚度有关,更重要的是塑性变形能力的大小,介绍了提高连梁延性的现行设计方法,对用有限元法计算连梁的应用作了探讨.     

河南巩义康百万庄园建筑的结构与技术

从结构技术的角度阐述了康百万庄园建筑的特征,总结了庄园建筑的结构类型、细部构造等,展示了康百万庄园的建筑技术特色,以期有助于对庄园建筑价值的全面认识。     

混凝土小型空心砌块住宅设计的技术要点分析

通过对混凝土小型空心砌块建筑特点的研究，找出了裂缝产生的各种原因以及控制办法。通过实验，证明了采用构造柱、圈梁、芯柱的组合结构体系建造大开间住宅的可行性。     

珠江新城J2-5地块框架-核心筒超高层结构的罕遇地震弹塑性时程分析

针对具有带加强层、核心筒采用矩形钢管混凝土端柱+钢骨暗支撑+混凝土剪力墙、连梁内埋设钢骨、外框采用圆钢管混凝土柱等特性的广州珠江新城J2-5地块框架-核心筒超高层结构,运用ABAQUS+Bepta程序,将梁、柱和剪力墙的弹塑性在材料的应力-应变层次上精确模拟,采用显式积分的方法,对该结构进行了罕遇地震作用下的弹塑性时程分析,以研究该类结构体系的抗震性能.结果表明,基于塑性区模型的弹塑性时程分析是保证结构大震不倒的比较有效和可靠的方法,计算的实例工程采用的框架核心筒形式具有较高的抗震承载力和延性.     

Minimum reinforcement of beam‐type reinforced masonry constructions – proposals for future regulations

The minimum reinforcement of reinforced masonry under bending should according to DIN EN 1996‐1‐1:2013‐02 [N 1], Section 8.2.3(1), be not less than ρ_min = 0.05 % of the effective masonry cross‐section for building elements, in which the reinforcement makes a contribution to the loadbearing capacity of the section, with the effective masonry cross‐section being the product of the effective width (b_ef) and the usable height d of the building element. In order to limit cracking and increase the ductility of the element, the reinforcement area should according to [N 1], Section 8.2.3(3), be not less than 0.03 % of the gross cross‐sectional area (of a wall). Other regulations ([1], [N 2], [N 3], [N 4], [N 5], [N 6], [N 7]) also prescribe minimum reinforcements in order to avoid brittle behaviour of the building element when the first crack forms or to limit cracking. In this specialist article, the figures given in [N 1] for the minimum reinforcement of reinforced masonry beams, like flat lintels or prefabricated lintels, are checked. The work concentrates on avoiding brittle failure when the first crack forms. In addition to geometrical requirements, the amount of minimum reinforcement depends on the tensile strength of the masonry f_t,m. Values of ρ_min vary considerably depending on the magnitude of the tensile strength of the masonry that can be assumed. For lintels over openings in facing brickwork facades, the height of any capping or soldier courses under the reinforcement layer also has an enlarging influence on the value of ρ_min. With regard to future regulations in standards or Allgemeine bauaufsichtliche Zulassungen (national technical approvals), it is recommended not to give lump sum values for ρ_min but to undertake a calculation like for reinforced concrete, using the algorithms given in this article.     

高层建筑剪力墙中连梁设计建议和配筋计算

本文通过对高层建筑剪力墙连梁的工作原理以及在荷载作用下的破坏机理的分析,提出在连梁设计时的一些建议,并讨论了连梁设计的两种配筋计算.     

大化水电站船闸工程设计及技术特点

大化水电站是红水河上10座梯级电站的第6级.通航建筑物为单级船闸,设计水头29.0 m,位于国内已建单级船闸前列.该船闸是在原250 t级垂直升船机的基础上改建.结合水工模型试验研究和原型水力学观洲及调试,解决了工程设计的关键技术问题.重点介绍大化船闸的主要技术特征,船闸建筑物总体布置、输水系统、输水阐门、水工结构等方面的设计.特别对大化船闸的主要技术特点进行了概括和总结,为高水头船闸的设计提供参考和借鉴.