The beginning of immigrant settlement in the Helsinki metropolitan area and the role of social housing

Finland has experienced a rapid increase inimmigration since the beginning of the 1990s.Almost half of the foreign population isconcentrated in the metropolitan area of thecapital, Helsinki. The development andexplanations of their settlement patterns havenot yet been thoroughly studied. It ishypothesised in this study that social housingcan explain the settlement patterns. Indices ofdissimilarity were calculated to study thelevel and development of spatial segregation ofimmigrant groups in the Helsinki metropolitanarea in 1995–99, and the association betweenthe settlement patterns of immigrants andsocial housing was studied by regressionanalysis. Neighbourhood-level data were used.The results indicate that the Helsinkimetropolitan area has avoided extreme ethnicsegregation so far and that segregation isdecreasing. Especially immigrants from poorcountries are clearly associated with socialhousing in their settlement patterns, evenafter adjustment for socio-economic anddemographic differentiation. Also newconstruction of social housing seems to haveaffected the spatial distribution of thisgroup. Despite this dependence, the group isnot extremely segregated, which is probablybecause the social housing sector is nottotally marginalised.     

北京市危旧房改造的多目标分解模式

由于政府、居民、开发商之间复杂的博弈,北京市1990年提出的综合性危改目标遇到了很大的挑战,为解决这一问题,本文提出危旧房改造的目标分解模式,即建立一个以危改区域或危改项目为导向的危改目标实现框架,将北京市危旧房改造的多重目标进行分解,然后制定相应的分目标政策,建立相应的分目标制度,采取相应的分目标措施,最终从总体上实现危旧房改造的目标,主导目标的确定应遵循四个基本原则,最后提出几个政策建议。     

Pathway to health: Cluster-randomized trail to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among smokers in public housing.

Objectives: Examine the effectiveness of an intervention to increase fruits and vegetables (FV) consumption among smokers. Design: Cluster-randomized trial of 20 public housing developments; 10 randomly assigned to an FV intervention and 10 to a smoking cessation intervention. Main outcome measures: Usual (past 7 days) and past 30 days change in daily FV intake at 8 weeks and 6 months postbaseline. Results: Greater increases were seen in the FV group. At Week 8 and Month 6, the FV group had consumed 1.58 (p = .001) and 0.78 (p = .04), respectively, more daily FV servings in the past 7 days than the cessation group. At the same time points, the FV group had consumed 3.61 (p = .01) and 3.93 (p = .01), respectively, more FV servings in the past 30 days than the cessation group. Completing more motivational interviewing sessions (p = .02) and trying more recipes (p = .02) led to significantly greater increases at Month 6 among FV participants. Conclusions: Motivational interviewing counseling and lifestyle modification through trying out healthy recipes may be effective in helping a high-risk population increase their FV intake. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

西安绿色康居小区规划设计剖析

通过对西安绿色康居小区规划设计的实例分析，阐明了小康型住宅区的标准和要求，在旧城住宅区改造中的落实和运用，试图探索下一世纪旧城住宅区的改造之路．     

从公共住房到租金优惠券——美国低收入阶层住房政策演化解析

本文对美国低收入阶层住房政策的演化过程作了介绍 ,分析了其中三种典型住房政策的实施效果。在把握我国国情的基础上 ,借鉴美国住房政策演化过程的经验教训 ,为建立我国弱势人群住房政策提出了建议。     

塑料排水板的等效直径

首先，通过室内模型试验认为，一字形塑料排水板在换算成等效直径的砂井时换算系数宜为0.85-0.9。然后，对等效直径的各种研究方法进行了讨论，并给出了排水板等效直径的定义。     

后桥壳的可靠性优化设计

该文讨论了后桥壳的可靠性优化设计问题.在基本随机变量的概率特性已知的情况下,应用随机摄动法和约束随机方向法对后桥壳进行可靠性优化设计,并编制了实用的计算机程序,可以迅速准确地得到后桥壳的可靠性设计参数.     

彩电机壳结构CAD(Ⅳ) 第四讲 TV-HCCS的表示模型和数据处理

彩色电视机机壳结构CAD系统要处理的数据量是相当大的。本文首先将需要处理的数据分类,然后阐述TV-HCCS表示模型的选取,最后介绍TV-HCCS采用的数据处理方法和相应的数据文件系统。     

如何正确地提高轧机工作机座的刚度

本文着重分析和讨论了提高轧机工作机座刚度的三种途径：　合理提高零部件刚度、短应力线机座、预应力机座。指出某些错误概念与问题，阐述了如何正确地提高轧机工作座的刚度。     

浅谈给水管聚丁烯PB、聚乙烯PE与铜管的选择

比较了铜管与聚丁烯PB管、聚乙烯PE管的综合材料性能、施工性能和经济性能,认为PB管、PE管的性价比高于铜管,更适用于全装修住宅或高品质住宅小区.