Novel measurement system for respiratory aerosols and droplets in indoor environments

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has created a great demand for a better understanding of the spread of viruses in indoor environments. A novel measurement system consisting of one portable aerosol-emitting mannequin (emitter) and a number of portable aerosol-absorbing mannequins (recipients) was developed that can measure the spread of aerosols and droplets that potentially contain infectious viruses. The emission of the virus from a human is simulated by using tracer particles solved in water. The recipients inhale the aerosols and droplets and quantify the level of solved tracer particles in their artificial lungs simultaneously over time. The mobile system can be arranged in a large variety of spreading scenarios in indoor environments and allows for quantification of the infection probability due to airborne virus spreading. This study shows the accuracy of the new measurement system and its ability to compare aerosol reduction measures such as regular ventilation or the use of a room air purifier.     

基于RFID标签阵列的睡眠期间呼吸量连续监测系统

睡眠期间连续且准确的呼吸量监测有助于推断用户的睡眠阶段以及提供一些慢性疾病的线索。现有工作主要针对呼吸频率进行感知和监测,缺乏对呼吸量进行连续监测的手段。针对上述问题提出了一种基于商用无线射频识别(RFID)标签的无线感知用户睡眠期间呼吸量的系统——RF-SLEEP。RF-SLEEP通过阅读器连续收集附着在胸部表面的标签阵列返回的相位值及时间戳数据,计算出呼吸引起的胸部不同点的位移量,基于广义回归神经网络(GRNN)构建胸部不同点的位移量与呼吸量之间的关系模型,从而实现对用户睡眠期间呼吸量的评估。RF-SLEEP通过在用户肩膀处附着双参考标签,消除用户睡眠期间翻转身体对胸部位移计算造成的误差。实验结果表明,RFSLEEP对不同用户睡眠期间的呼吸量连续监测的平均精确度为92.49%。     

Occupational airway diseases in the metalworking industry Part 1: Respiratory infections, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Occupational airway diseases are now receiving attention in industry, although study is hampered by a lack of readily-available data. The interpretation of the data that is available, and also of the root problems themselves, is itself a difficult problem. This paper has been written as a literature review which it is hoped that other researchers can take either as a starting point or as a refresher.     

An on-line microcomputer-based respiratory monitor for manual materials handling

The main objective of the present study is to develop a low cost microcomputer-based respiratory system that is capable of computing the oxygen consumption and minute ventilation of individuals engaged in manual materials handling on an on-line basis. The design, specifications, and merits of the system are given. The software package developed was written in assembly language for the IBM AT personal computer.     

Suboptimal Exposure to Facial Expressions When Viewing Video Messages From a Small Screen: Effects on Emotion, Attention, and Memory.

The authors examined the effects of suboptimally presented facial expressions on emotional and attentional responses and memory among 39 young adults viewing video (business news) messages from a small screen. Facial electromyography (EMG) and respiratory sinus arrhythmia were used as physiological measures of emotion and attention, respectively. Several congruency priming effects were found. In particular, happy facial primes prompted increased (a) pleasure ratings, (b) orbicularis oculi EMG activity, (c) perceived trustworthiness, and (d) recognition memory for video messages with a positive emotional tone. Emotional and other responses to video messages presented on a small screen can be modified with suboptimal affective primes, but even small differences in the emotional tone of the messages should be allowed for. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

呼吸感应体积描记系统中弱信号锁相放大模块的设计

在呼吸感应体积描记呼吸测量系统中,需要测量nV~μV级的微弱感生电压信号,而且在测量过程中,做为传感器的电感线圈容易受到测量环境,呼吸运动以外的其他运动和电子噪声等影响。为适应系统测量范围并降低噪声的影响,设计了一种基于AD630锁相放大电路微弱生理信号检测模块。该模块的锁相放大器具有大于0.96的良好线性度,能检测出传感器的感生电压信号,并分离出直流分量,有效地降低噪声对系统的影响,提高了系统测量的精度,并有望应用于其他微弱生理信号检测。     

基于FMCW雷达的呼吸模式分类技术研究

针对当前使用调频连续波雷达的呼吸模式分类算法准确度不高的问题,本文提出一种基于一维卷积神经网络（1DCNN）结合长短时记忆（LSTM）网络的多呼吸模式分类方法。方法共分为四步：第一步,对雷达提取的呼吸信号进行预处理;第二步,使用快速傅里叶变换（FFT）与连续小波变换（CWT）提取呼吸信号特征;第三步,根据呼吸特征对五种呼吸模式信号（正常呼吸、呼吸过速、呼吸过缓、呼吸深大、呼吸暂停）打标签制作数据集;第四步,使用数据集训练网络得到模型,并使用新数据测试模型。实验结果表明,此方法分类准确度要比现有使用CNN网络方法高5%左右。     

南京某高校宿舍潮湿与呼吸道疾病症状关系的研究

研究通过调查问卷的形式,收集学生身体健康与宿舍环境的信息,并利用SPSS对数据进行整理分析,旨在得出高校宿舍潮湿与学生呼吸道疾病症状之间的关系.研究结果表明57.9%的同学报告宿舍出现潮湿表征,43%的同学在最近12个月内出现呼吸道疾病症状,室内潮湿与学生呼吸道疾病症状之间存在显著相关性(P<0.05),室内的潮湿表征是呼吸道疾病症状爆发的危险因素(OR 2.362 95%CI),同时,研究发现学生呼吸道疾病症状的爆发以及室内潮湿表征与宿舍朝向有关.     

基于一种新型强迫振荡仪器的呼吸道阻抗测量研究

强迫振荡技术被越来越多地应用于呼吸系统力学研究中。为了检验一种新型强迫振荡仪器的临床应用前景,设计了一组实验用于测量哮喘病人和正常人,从而证明这种新型的仪器对哮喘病诊断是否有帮助。实验征集了5个哮喘病人和5个正常人。测量结果表明:所测得的呼吸系统阻抗在两组人之间有明显差异,展示了这种新仪器在哮喘病诊断中的应用潜力。