Daily impact of climate on the pattern of urban family life : Indigenous courtyard houses of Baghdad regions of the hot-dry climates Part I: Daily shifts or daily movements in summer

During the day, there are considerable variations in the climatic factors prevailing in these regions. This is especially so during the 24-hour daily cycle of the long, hot and dry summer (mid-May to midOctober). Such climatic conditions have had a considerable impact on the daily living pattern of family life in the same season, particularly in the urban areas. During the same 24-hour cycle, they have compelled the inhabitants to shift their living activities both vertically in section and horizontally in plan; they do this in pursuit of more acceptable, if not, desirable internal thermal environmental ambience.     

空调系统中风阀开度对声学房间噪声的影响

阐述了在一个全空气空调系统服务于多间较小面积声学房间的情况下,风阀开度对声学房间噪声的影响,并用工程实例加以说明,认为风阀开度对录音室和直播室的房间噪声影响很大.此外,对单独控制声学房间温度的几种方法和它们的优缺点也作了阐述.     

Procedure and information displays in advanced nuclear control rooms: experimental evaluation of an integrated design

Abstract

In the main control rooms of nuclear power plants, operators frequently have to switch between procedure displays and system information displays. In this study, we proposed an operation-unit-based integrated design, which combines the two displays to facilitate the synthesis of information. We grouped actions that complete a single goal into operation units and showed these operation units on the displays of system states. In addition, we used different levels of visual salience to highlight the current unit and provided a list of execution history records. A laboratory experiment, with 42 students performing a simulated procedure to deal with unexpected high pressuriser level, was conducted to compare this design against an action-based integrated design and the existing separated-displays design. The results indicate that our operation-unit-based integrated design yields the best performance in terms of time and completion rate and helped more participants to detect unexpected system failures.

Practitioner Summary: In current nuclear control rooms, operators frequently have to switch between procedure and system information displays. We developed an integrated design that incorporates procedure information into system displays. A laboratory study showed that the proposed design significantly improved participants’ performance and increased the probability of detecting unexpected system failures.     

Video arrays for real-time tracking of person,head, and face in an intelligent room

Real-time three-dimensional tracking of people is an important requirement for a growing number of applications. In this paper we describe two trackers; both of them use a network of video cameras for person tracking. These trackers are called a rectilinear video array tracker (R-VAT) and an omnidirectional video array tracker (O-VAT), indicating the two different ways of video capture. The specific objectives of this paper are twofold: (i) to present a systematic comparison of these two trackers using an extensive series of experiments conducted in an `intelligent' room; (ii) to develop a real-time system for tracking the head and face of a person, as an extension of the O-VAT approach. The comparative research indicates that O-VAT is more robust to the number of people, less complex and runs faster, needs manual camera calibration, and the integrated omnidirectional video network has better reconfigurability. The person head and face tracker study shows that such a system can serve as a most effective input stage for face recognition and facial expression analysis modules.     

采后处理与贮藏条件对柑贮藏效果的影响

通过对椪柑贮藏历年来的相关实验研究,即预贮、包装等不同的采后处理方法并结合砃峦ǚ缈夂屠淇庵兄?藏结果观测比较,找出了不适宜椪柑果实贮藏的采后处理方式和利于其贮藏的某些方法、设施。常温通风预贮预冷显著好于冷库冷风预冷;无论在常温通风库还是冷库中贮藏75d以上,单果包装均显著好于打蜡处理。正交实验进一步明确了包果袋宜薄不宜厚,预贮时间较长为宜。     

高校图书馆与院系资料室的关系及发展模式浅探

从高校图书馆与院系资料室关系的现状和特点着手,阐述了传统管理模式存在几个方面的问题。由于时代的发展,传统的发展模式已经滞后于高校的发展,急需构建新的发展模式。为适应高校改革和发展的需要,高校图书馆与院系资料室必须转变观念,走"共建、共知、共享"的整体化建设道路,实现资源共享共同发展的新模式。     

客房管理系统的设计与实现

详细介绍了“客房管理系统”的需求分析、概要设计及系统实现。系统采用C/S应用模式,前台采用Delphi开发,后台采用In-terBase数据库。目前运行良好,具有一定的推广价值。     

Joint face and head tracking inside multi-camera smart rooms

The paper introduces a novel detection and tracking system that provides both frame-view and world-coordinate human location information, based on video from multiple synchronized and calibrated cameras with overlapping fields of view. The system is developed and evaluated for the specific scenario of a seminar lecturer presenting in front of an audience inside a “smart room”, its aim being to track the lecturer’s head centroid in the three-dimensional (3D) space and also yield two-dimensional (2D) face information in the available camera views. The proposed approach is primarily based on a statistical appearance model of human faces by means of well-known AdaBoost-like face detectors, extended to address the head pose variation observed in the smart room scenario of interest. The appearance module is complemented by two novel components and assisted by a simple tracking drift detection mechanism. The first component of interest is the initialization module, which employs a spatio-temporal dynamic programming approach with appropriate penalty functions to obtain optimal 3D location hypotheses. The second is an adaptive subspace learning based 2D tracking scheme with a novel forgetting mechanism, introduced to reduce tracking drift and increase robustness. System performance is benchmarked on an extensive database of realistic human interaction in the lecture smart room scenario, collected as part of the European integrated project “CHIL”. The system consistently achieves excellent tracking precision, with a 3D mean tracking error of less than 16 cm, and is demonstrated to outperform four alternative tracking schemes. Furthermore, the proposed system performs relatively well in detecting frontal and near-frontal faces in the available frame views. This work was performed while Zhenqiu Zhang was on a summer internship with the Human Language Technology Department at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center.     

电信机房规划设计及综合布线的分析

通信行业的快速发展,是前期规划者没有预见到的。随着业务的发展和设备扩容,机房不合理规划的弊端就逐步暴露。电信机房是每一个电信运营商有限的核心资源,而且新建的机房多是综合性的机房;这里对合理有效地利用通信机房面积与空间,合理地安排设备布局和综合布线做了分析,对于设备的运行维护、设备故障的快速处理、降低运营成本、提高企业的服务质量和竞争力等都具有很重要的意义。     

蒸发冷却通风降温系统在空冷配电间中的地区适用性分析

为了判断蒸发冷却通风降温系统在各地区空冷配电间的适用性,用夏季通风室外计算参数计算室外空气经过直接蒸发冷却、间接-直接两级复合蒸发冷却、间接蒸发冷却-机械制冷通风降温系统的出风温度,提出适用性分析的方法和步骤,并根据空冷配电间的设计要求选择适合该地区的蒸发冷却通风降温方案,并对各方案进行负荷计算和能耗分析。适用直接蒸发冷却、间接-直接两级复合蒸发冷却通风降温系统地区机组的能效比范围分别为4.3~13.1、5.1~6.4;间接蒸发冷却-机械制冷通风降温地区系统中间接段制冷量占总制冷量的26.3%~48%。研究结果对全国各地区空冷配电间蒸发冷却通风降温系统的选择与设计提供借鉴。