光催化氧化后四环素的分解率与COD去除率之间关系的探讨

以粉状无机半导体（ＺｎＯ）为催化剂，探讨了水溶液中四环素经光催化氧化分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间的关系。实验表明，在本实验中四环素的分解率和ＣＯＤ去除率之间有较好的正相关性。当反庆系统中有足量的活性催化剂和足够的光照时间时，绝大部分四环素将被较彻底地氧化分解成ＣＯ２，这不仅有助于光催化反应机理的研究，助于今后在环保中的实际应用。     

B掺杂g-C3N4的一步合成及可见光下降解RhB和TC研究

为研究非金属离子掺杂对g-C₃N₄光催化性能的影响,以三聚氰胺和硼酸为前驱体,采用一步煅烧法制备了B掺杂g-C₃N₄光催化剂。罗丹明B(RhB)的可见光降解实验表明,当三聚氰胺和硼酸的添加比例(质量比)为10∶0.05(0.05BCN)时显示出最好的光催化性能,表现为光照RhB 30 min降解率高达100%,远高于纯g-C₃N₄(38%)。同时,四环素(TC)降解9 min达到100%,降解速率为纯g-C₃N₄的2.09倍。基于结构表征和光学性能测量,高光催化性能可归因于B原子掺杂替代引起的带隙调制。B掺杂不仅减小了带隙且可能在带隙中引入杂质态能级,这些都能导致可见光吸收的增强和光生载流子复合的抑制,从而大大提高了光催化性能。本工作提供了一种原子级水平获取非金属元素修饰g-C₃N₄纳米片的方法,该材料可作为一种在可见光下具有良好稳定性的RhB降解光催化剂。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定3种水产品中氯霉素、四环素含量

目的 建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定3种水产品中氯霉素、四环素的方法。方法 样品经Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液(pH=4.0±0.5)提取, HLB柱净化, 采用色谱柱Waters Acquity BEH C18柱(50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm)分离。电离方式为氯霉素使用电喷雾负离子模式; 四环素使用电喷雾正离子模式。检测方式为多反应监测。 结果 该法线性关系良好, 相关系数大于0.999; 平均回收率为80.4%~97.8%; RSD均小于5%。结论 该方法操作简便快速, 准确度高, 可作为水产品中氯霉素、四环素的测定方法。     

直接提取-超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法检测原料奶及奶制品中的四环素类抗生素

目的 建立直接提取-超高压液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法(UPLC-ESIMS/MS)同时测定原料奶及奶粉中土霉素、四环素、金霉素、强力霉素4种四环素类药物的分析方法。方法 原料奶及奶粉样品经少量高氯酸沉淀蛋白、低温冷冻除脂后, 用C18色谱柱分离, 以0.1%甲酸水和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱, 电喷雾串联质谱正离子模式扫描, 多反应监测模式(MRM)检测, 外标法定量。结果 4种四环素族药物在1~1000 ng/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好, 相关系数r均在0.993以上。本方法的定量限为(S/N≥10)为原料奶5μg/kg, 奶粉25 μg/kg, 在10、50、100 μg/kg三个加标水平下, 加标回收率为73.4%~99.4%, 相对标准偏差为0.8%~14.3%(n≥6)。结论 该方法简便快速、灵敏可靠、经济有效, 适用于原料奶及奶粉中土霉素、四环素、金霉素和强力霉素4种四环素族药物残留的测定。     

UV/Fenton法降解四环素废水的试验研究

分析了FeSO4和H2O2的初始浓度及溶液pH值对UV/Fenton法降解四环素废水的影响.结果表明四环素的初始浓度为25,mg/L时,降解四环素的最佳工况:FeSO4的初始浓度为0.05mmol/L,H2O2的初始浓度为10,mmol/L,pH值为2.5,在反应时间为60,min时,对四环素的去除率可达93.14%.另外,对自然光、太阳光、紫外光三种不同光照条件进行了对比试验,得出紫外光辐照下的四环素去除率最高,太阳光次之,自然光最小.     

Assessment of veterinary drugs present in pork kidney from a Midwest US retail market

A total of 1040 pork kidneys were purchased from 4 retail stores located in a Midwestern US town and screened for antibiotics with the Charm-KIS? screening test. Six samples (0.6%) tested positive with the Charm-KIS?. Sixty-five samples from each retail location and the 18 Charm-KIS? positive or ‘caution’ samples were also subjected to ELISA to determine the presence of commonly used veterinary drugs including flunixin, ractopamine, sulfamethazine, and/or tetracycline of the 278 samples assessed by ELISA, flunixin, ractopamine, sulfamethazine, and tetracycline residues were found to be 0%, 22%, 4%, and 10% ELISA positive respectively, and had greater than limit of quantitation concentrations as measured by LC-MS/MS. All residue levels determined by LC-MS/MS were well below US tolerances, regardless of analyte. These findings suggest that veterinary drugs are being used in accordance with US regulations and that veterinary drug residues in pork do not pose a health concern to US consumers.     

Effects of antimicrobial use in agricultural animals on drug-resistant foodborne salmonellosis in humans: A systematic literature review

Controversy continues concerning antimicrobial use in food animals and its relationship to drug-resistant infections in humans. We systematically reviewed published literature for evidence of a relationship between antimicrobial use in agricultural animals and drug-resistant meat or dairy-borne non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans. Based on publications from the United States (U.S.), Canada, and Denmark from January 2010 to July 2014, 858 articles received title and abstract review, 104 met study criteria for full article review with 68 retained for which data are presented. Antibiotic exposure in both cattle and humans found an increased likelihood of Salmonella colonization, whereas in chickens, animals not exposed to antibiotics (organic) were more likely to be Salmonella positive and those that had antibiotic exposure were more likely to harbor antimicrobial resistant Salmonella organisms. In swine literature, only tylosin exposure was examined and no correlation was found among exposure, Salmonella colonization, or antimicrobial resistance. No studies that identified farm antimicrobial use also traced antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella from farm to fork.     

氨化酵母吸附剂处理盐酸四环素废水研究

120℃下将废弃酵母与尿素混合,半干法制备了氨化酵母吸附剂,SEM分析表明氨化酵母产品呈椭球状,分散性好,粒径约为3μm。FT-IR表明在3 300 cm-1左右出现氨基峰。以盐酸四环素模拟废水为处理对象,考察了各因素对吸附过程的影响,研究了吸附动力学和吸附等温模型。实验表明最佳吸附pH为7;3.0 h后吸附量达到平衡;吸附过程遵循准二级动力学方程,受颗粒内扩散控制。饱和吸附后的氨化酵母吸附剂在强酸条件下可实现再生。     

Ternary adsorbent photocatalyst hybrid (APH) nanomaterials for improved abstraction of tetracycline from water

ABSTRACT

Current health situations have instigated increased frequency of taking antibiotics for cure of infections but this amplified use is posing threats to environment. This research is focused to remove Tetracycline (TC), an antibiotic from water, using an advanced nanohybrid that compact the properties of adsorbent and photocatalyst. Compared to conventional methods for remediation of TC, large surface area (452 m²g^?1) adsorbent photocatalyst hybrid (APH) g-C₃N₄/α-MoO₃/ZIF-67 (CMZ) have found much effective as 97% degradation of TC is observed in 110 min with 0.1 g of APH. Increasing g-C₃N₄ in the hybrids has improved percent degradation of TC molecules. CMZ-3 is found as a potential candidate for water treatment.     

磁性生物炭非均相类Fenton体系去除水中四环素

采用先浸渍后热解的方法制备了磁性生物炭材料,并使用XRD、XPS、VSM对制备的材料进行了表征。结果表明,制备的磁性生物炭主要的活性物质为γ-Fe2O3。采用磁性生物炭非均相类Fenton体系处理水中四环素(TC),当初始TC质量浓度为200 mg/L,pH=7,H2O2投加量为19.8 mmol/L,磁性生物炭投加量为3 g/L时,处理效果最佳。加入抗坏血酸可以加速铁循环过程,明显改善·OH的生成,进而增强了TC去除率。