从CMM到CMMI

随着CMMI的正式发布，SEI将停止对CMM及其相关活动的支持，因此理解和运用CMMI是目前软件组织的当务之急。本文阐述了CMMI的特点及与CMMI的主要区别，包括覆盖的专业领域，结构描述、成熟度等级、过程域和评估方法等；同时针对企业如何向CMMI过渡进行了分析。     

汽车仪表板模型表面的反向工程重构技术

曲面重构技术是反向工程的重要组成部分,在工业制造、医疗、艺术、军事等应用领域意义重大,已成为国内外的研究热点.对于反向工程的研究内容,数据获取方法、曲面重构技术理论和相关软件进行了介绍,并举例重点阐述了一些典型的方法.     

Virtual machining considering dimensional,geometrical and tool deflection errors in three-axis CNC milling machines

Virtual manufacturing systems can provide useful means for products to be manufactured without the need of physical testing on the shop floor. As a result, the time and cost of part production can be decreased. There are different error sources in machine tools such as tool deflection, geometrical deviations of moving axis and thermal distortions of machine tool structures. Some of these errors can be decreased by controlling the machining process and environmental parameters. However other errors like tool deflection and geometrical errors which have a big portion of the total error, need more attention. This paper presents a virtual machining system in order to enforce dimensional, geometrical and tool deflection errors in three-axis milling operations. The system receives 21 dimensional and geometrical errors of a machine tool and machining codes of a specific part as input. The output of the system is the modified codes which will produce actual machined part in the virtual environment.     

CMM与FMS的控制信息集成

提出了CMM与FMS控制信息集成的主要内容，分析讨论了CMM检测作业自动循环控制、FMS控制器对检测工作站控制信息集成的原理和方法，介绍了控制信息成硬、软件系统。     

长悬臂三坐标测量机测端抖动实时修正系统

长悬臂三坐标测量机是用来在线测量工字钢结晶器内腔尺寸的，测量运行过程中，由于长悬臂及测杆的弱刚性和各轴传导结构的非理想性，造成测杆端部的空间抖动，直接影响测量精度。论文结合有限元分析了产生抖动的原因，基于面阵CCD和图像处理技术，建立检测系统并建模，实时检测测头触发瞬间测杆端部在空间3个方向的抖动位移，在VC＋＋6．0环境下编写软件，通过软件计算实时修正抖动对测量精度的影响。并通过试验验证了该系统的实用性。     

一种圆柱坐标测量仪控制系统的设计与实现

圆柱坐标测量仪具有结构简单、测量范围大、适合于测量圆弧类零件的特点,本文针对航空型材弯曲类钣金零件成形精度测量,设计开发了一种圆柱坐标测量仪,对其控制系统软硬件的体系结构和功能进行了研究.采用计算机扩展卡的方式开发了其控制系统硬件,采用多线程技术,利用VC开发了控制系统软件,并利用Matlab和VC混合编程技术开发了曲面重构模块.实验表明,其控制精度达到0.3mm,满足了钣金类零件测量的需求.     

Computer-aided measurement plan for an impeller on a coordinate measurement machine with a rotating and tilting probe

This paper presents a computer-aided measurement plan (CAMP) for an impeller on a coordinate measurement machine (CMM) with a rotating/tilting probe. The blade surfaces of a machined impeller were measured exactly to secure the machining tolerance and surface finish of the impeller. CMM with a rotating and tilting probe is commonly used for this measurement. However, it is not easy to evaluate all the points on the impeller surfaces due to the time-consuming nature of the CMM measurement. In addition, many points cannot be easily accessed by the CMM probe due to the interference between the probe and the impeller blades. Furthermore, the inherent complexity of the existing teaching operation of a probe using a joystick suggests the necessity of developing a new method for the measurement planning of an impeller. Thus, this paper proposes a CAMP for effectively gauging the inspection points based on the ruled line information of the impeller blade surfaces. The proposed plan partitions the surfaces into several measurement regions based on the ruled lines of a blade surface and the approach vectors of the probe. Finally, a case example for an impeller is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.     

软件过程中同行评审的应用与度量

在软件过程中采用同行评审可以及早、高效地发现软件缺陷,从而广泛、深入且有效地吸收和应用软件过程信息,同时评价和提升软件过程能力水平.为了在软件过程中更加有效地应用同行评审,以CMM/CMMI为基础,详细分析了软件过程中同行评审的方法,并介绍了同行评审的流程.在此基础上,对如何建立和实施同行评审的度量进行了研究和分析,并提出了利用同行评审的度量数据建立组织同行评审过程能力基线的方法.     

软件工程发展过程中的一些重要创新

软件工程的内容反映出非常强烈的创新意识,这个特点决定了软件工程课程是实施创新教育的最佳载体。对软件工程理论发展过程中出现过的一些重要创新实例进行了分析,分析的目的是让学生了解软件工程知识创新的过程,启发学生的创新思维,增强学生的创新意识。