多模卫星信号模拟器设计与实现

应用卫星导航、软件无线电、计算机控制、电磁兼容等技术,研制了基于"工控机+DSP+FPGA"架构的多模卫星信号模拟器;该模拟器在国内最先实现了GPS、GLONASS和北斗一号信号的任意组合、时空同步仿真;详细论述了模拟器硬件方案,介绍了其软件构成和各模块功能,最后通过成熟商业多模接收机验证了模拟器所仿真信号的有效性和任意时空性;此外,该模拟器无需更改硬件即可在未来向北斗二号系统扩展。     

多模卫星信号仿真器的软件设计

本文以多模卫星信号仿真器的研制为背景,对GPS/GLONASS/BD三模仿真器上位机软件设计进行了详细的说明,介绍了仿真器软件开发的总体方案和关键模块,重点对用户界面的设计、上位机与下位机之间的数据通信、多线程的使用进行了详细论述。最后通过实际硬件平台和商用接收机对仿真器进行实验了验证。结果表明,该仿真器产生出的三个导航系统的卫星信号能够被接收机正确接收,验证了仿真器软件的正确性和实用性。     

GLONASS卫星信号模拟器导航电文生成

导航电文的生成是GLONASS卫星信号模拟器研制中的关键部分,获得正确的导航电文信息是接收机实现定位、测速以及授时等功能的前提条件。为了满足接收机测试的需要,GLO-NASS卫星信号模拟器输出信号必须调制正确的导航电文。GLONASS卫星信号模拟器由模拟器仿真软件和信号生成单元组成。主要研究GLONASS卫星信号模拟器的软件部分。在分析GLONASS卫星信号模拟器结构和导航电文结构的基础上,详细介绍了GLONASS卫星信号模拟器中导航电文的生成过程。重点对从R inex文件中读取星历参数并转化成二进制格式导航电文的程序实现进行了深入研究,利用GLONASS接收机对卫星信号模拟器输出的仿真信号进行电文解析和定位解算,试验结果可以验证卫星信号模拟器中导航电文生成的正确性。     

High accuracy acceleration determination by using multiple GNSS reference stations

To determine the velocity and acceleration of the receivers under the requirements of high accuracy applications using global navigation satellite system (GNSS), models and algorithms based on multiple reference stations were presented in this paper. As one of the key techniques, the navigation satellites’ velocities and accelerations calculation methods were analyzed, including two cases: (1) under the requirement of real time applications, the navigation satellites’ velocities and accelerations have to be calculated by using broadcast ephemeris, the analytic expressions from three types of broadcast ephemeris, including Kepler elements, modified Kepler elements and position-velocity types, were derived, (2) under the requirement of high accuracy applications, the numerical difference method was also analyzed. Furthermore, the baseline-dependant error suppression methods based on multiple reference stations were illustrated briefly. Finally, experiments which data from multiple reference stations show that the estimation precision of this method can be improved about 15–20% compared with the single reference station real-time kinematic (RTK)-derived method both in static and kinematic cases.     

GPS/GLONASS地面静态偏差引起导航误差仿真计算

为了验证GPS／GLONASS定位系统用于弹道导弹的导航效果，文中对其进行了仿真计算。首先获取了GPS／GLONASS定位信息接收系统的地面静态偏差信息，将地面静态偏差作为实时导航的关机点参数修正误差，接着解算弹道求落点偏差，得到了地面静态偏差引起导航误差的大小。     

GLONASS卫星L1信号接收机的设计

基于高频电路设计的原理,设计了GLONASS接收机的方案。电路分为信号放大、中频分离和相干载波产生这三个部分。主要使用了微波集成电路放大器BGA2001,高频滤波器TA0676A,宽带正交解调器AD8347和集成压控振荡射频合成器Si4123。设计出的接收机能够接收GLONASS L1信号。     

GPS/GLONASS同步的可编程逻辑实现

给出了一种用于第三代移动通信系统(3G)CDMA2000基站的时钟同步方案。由一个双星接收卡接收GPS/GLONASS标准秒信号作为整个时钟同步系统的参考,分两级锁相环实现:第一级锁相环采用软件锁相,输出10MHz信号作为第二级锁相环的参考源,第二级锁相环为2个模拟锁相环,分别输出16fc和48fc(fc=1.2288MHz)。2S信号由16fc分频得到。这种设计保证了输出时钟的长期稳定性和短期稳定性,满足协议所规定的同步精度。详细介绍了数字鉴相器、2S产生电路、相差检测及控制电路的电路设计和有关仿真结果。     

多模卫星信号仿真器上位机软件设计与实现

运用面向对象和多线程的技术,在VC++6.0环境下对GPS/GLONASS/BD1三模卫星信号仿真器上位机软件进行了设计与开发,重点分析并完成了多导航系统时空统一、导航电文生成、卫星与用户的伪距仿真和用户轨迹计算等功能模块,实现了统一时基模式下三模卫星信号的高逼真仿真.商业接收机的实验结果表明,该仿真软件操控灵活,与下位机连接合成的信号逼真度高,为各类接收机的性能检测提供了有益支持.     

Study on chaotic oscillator-based algorithm for weak GLONASS signal acquisition

According to the characteristics of the chaotic oscillator in detecting weak signals, an algorithm based on Duffing chaotic oscillator array was proposed for acquisition of weak GLONASS signals. By means of GLONASS intermediate frequency and Duffing chaotic oscillator models, Lyapunov exponent is adopted to judge the critical condition of phase track and decide whether GLONASS signals exist or not by the change of the critical condition, and numeric iteration procedure is used to calculate the exponent. Finally, the performance of algorithm is simulated using GLONASS intermediate frequency data. The results indicate that acquisition algorithm can satisfy the need of object positioning in low signal-to-noise ratio environment.     

GPS／GLONASS组合导航中的星历计算与数据融合

针对ＧＰＳ／ＧＬＯＮＡＳＳ组合导航中的需要,分析了ＧＬＯＮＡＳＳ卫星的广播星历格式,简化受力模型和星历计算方法,并给出了ＧＰＳ／ＧＬＯＮＡＳＳ的数据融合模型。