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1.
Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and FOG with sewage sludge – realising its potential in Ireland
Olumide Wesley Awe Yaqian Zhao Ange Nzihou Doan Pham Minh Nathalie Lyczko 《The International journal of environmental studies》2018,75(3):496-517
The severe environmental pollution in many countries is caused by indiscriminate discharge of large quantities of food waste (FW), fat oil and grease (FOG) and sewage sludge (SS) to the environment. There are many possible treatment routes, but anaerobic digestion (AD) is now well accepted for treating several kinds of organic wastes. But AD of FW alone presents some operational challenges because of substrates and variability. Anaerobic co-digestion of two or more substrates is better than single substrate digestion. This can use a plant’s unused capacity, in line with the trend to renewable energy. Co-digestion technology, although well established in many European countries, is still in its infancy in Ireland. There are problems with different regulatory arrangements. They should be resolved. The paper reviews anaerobic co-digestion technology is reviewed, with special focus on possible application in Ireland. 相似文献
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Biosolids reduction model by return activated sludge ozonation was validated by simulating nitrification data compiled from our pilot-scale and the literature studies. Then, a global sensitivity analysis (GSA) was performed to identify influential and non-influential parameters for biosolids reduction efficiency, change in specific nitrification activity (SNA), and alteration to expected nitrification stability. In general, the model outputs were sensitive to operational and ozone reaction parameters, but not to biochemical parameters. For operational parameters, mainly temperature and initial solids retention time (SRT) influenced all model outputs. For biosolids reduction, increase in the degradability of the influent COD decreased the reduction efficiency. For SNA, the changes were highly dependent on the influent TKN/COD ratio. Our findings also imply that the stability of the nitrification process in ozonated systems should be enhanced at constant MLVSS for warm temperatures, but could be reduced at temperatures below 12 °C and aerated SRTs below 10 days. 相似文献
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Longzhi Li Xiaowei Jiang Zhiguo Bian Jianwei Wang Fumao Wang Zhanlong Song 《Drying Technology》2019,37(2):173-185
Microwave lignite drying with assistance of biomass-derived char was addressed and effect of bio-char on drying rate and energy consumption was investigated in this work. Effective diffusion coefficient and activation energy for the drying process were also analyzed. The results indicated the drying process was largely dependent on the variation of sample temperature. Bio-char originated from pine wood was most favorable for lignite drying, considering its better promoting effect and advanced security. There existed an optimal bio-char addition ratio for drying process at different power. The corresponding optimal ratio was 10% at 231?W and 15% at 385?W, at which the biggest drying rate and the least energy consumption were reached. It was compared lignite drying initiated at 385?W was better for energy conservation. Effective diffusivity was improved and activation energy was simultaneously reduced, with the addition of bio-char. The minimum activation energy was 15.54?W?·?g?1, which was gained at bio-char addition ratio of 10%. The results revealed the effect of bio-char on depressing activation energy could rival that of metal-based additives. The drying process with assistance of microwave and bio-char could present technical and economical benefits on lignite upgrading. 相似文献
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用于制备膨体颗粒调剖剂的含油污泥除油技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用含油污泥制备膨体颗粒调剖剂用于调剖堵水是一种新的污泥资源化技术,研究了含油污泥的预处理方法,尤其是除油技术。分别使用热水酸洗、热水酸洗/除油剂对污泥进行了除油试验,并以干泥含油率为指标考察了pH值、水与泥质量比、除油剂用量对除油效果的影响。试验结果表明,在水与泥质量比为2.0、pH值为6.0、45℃条件下,用矿化水热水酸洗可使干泥含油率从31.5%降至19.4%。同样条件下,除油剂用量为40.0mg/L时,热水酸洗/除油剂处理能使干泥含油率进一步降至11.2%。聚合试验结果表明,经热水酸洗/除油剂处理后的污泥能够聚合得到胶块强度高、膨胀倍数高的膨体颗粒调剖剂。 相似文献
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在压力高达1—3GPa、温度为400—700℃的条件下,在密闭体系中进行了褐煤加水的模拟实验。分析了实验产物中液态烃的变化规律,并讨论了压力、温度及恒温时间对有机质演化的影响。实验结果表明,热模拟液态产物氯仿沥青“A”的有机碳含量为0.91%-2.55%,2GPa条件下其高峰值后移至700℃,说明高压抑制了液态烃的生成,同时压力升高有利于有机质降解产物的环化、聚合和芳构化。在400—600℃条件下,温度升高或恒温时间增长,OEP和Pr/Ph值均减小;而在700℃的恒温条件下,压力增高,OEP和Pr/Ph值均增大。说明有机质的成熟度与温度和加热时间成正相关,而压力增加抑制了有机质的成熟演化。在高压条件下,芳烃演化的主要趋势是甲基化作用,压力升高有利于甲基化反应和甲基重排。 相似文献
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Jean-Fran?ois Blais Nathalie Meunier Guy Mercier Patrick Drogui Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2004,130(5):516-525
This research is related to a preindustrial pilot scale study of the performance of the simultaneous sewage sludge digestion and metal leaching (SSDML) process for decontamination and stabilization of sewage sludge. Ten batch tests were carried out in two 4?m3 bioreactors under various conditions of operation. Results indicated that the addition of 1.0 to 1.5?g?S0/L, which is the equivalent of approximately 30 to 50?kg?S0 per tons dry sludge, is sufficient to obtain conditions of acidity (pH<2.5) and oxido-reduction potential greater than 500 mV necessary for an effective solubilization of toxic metals. The final average of metal solubilization in the output sludge during the SSDML process varied in the following ranges: 25–78% Cd, 9–32% Cr, 48–100% Cu, 77–99% Mn, 15–53% Ni, 12–47% Pb, and 66–100% Zn. The N, P, and K contents were also preserved in the decontaminated sludge. Moreover, the use of low concentrations of elemental sulfur makes it possible to obtain decontaminated sludge with a low total sulfur content (1.4–1.5% S) compatible with agricultural use. The suspended solids removal calculated for the SSDML process was slightly lower, (2.5±0.4)% volatile suspended solids per day, than those reached using standard aerobic digestion. Finally, the SSDML process was found to be effective in removing bad odors and in the destruction (99–100%) of indicator bacteria. 相似文献
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分析了印度尼西亚近年对二甲苯(PX)的供需情况及PX历年价格变化。指出印尼大量扩大PTA和聚酯产能,导致PX缺口扩大,印度尼西亚将成为亚洲主要的PX进口国之一。 相似文献