水力喷砂割缝增产增注技术的作用原理及展望

本文对从俄罗斯引进的水力喷砂割缝技术的发展过程、工作原理及该技术在大庆油田的试验情况做了详细的阐述。并对它的改进及其将来的推广与发展前景做了展望。     

基于DSP芯片的斜齿轮插齿数控加工技术研究

国内斜齿轮加工一般采用滚齿机或者进口插齿机,由于产品体积过大和机床价格昂贵而受到限制.文章对采用DSP芯片的数控插齿加工技术进行了研究,提出了虚拟轴插补技术以及用软件实现电子齿轮差动技术,利用DSP芯片的高速处理能力进行跟踪插补,经初步试验证明该方法理论上可行,实际中可以运用.     

芯子开槽工艺对蜂窝纸板缓冲性能的影响

为解决蜂窝纸板初始缓冲性能差、干燥速度慢、易发霉等问题,对蜂窝纸芯采用开槽工艺处理,在不显著降低蜂窝纸板平压强度的前提下,尽可能地改善其缓冲性能。采用正交试验方法对30 mm厚蜂窝纸板进行静态压缩试验,以考察芯子槽形的宽度、深度和槽间距3个工艺参数对蜂窝纸板性能的影响。实验结果表明:当采用槽宽2.5 mm、槽深3 mm、槽间距32 mm的开槽方式时,蜂窝纸板具有较优的抗压与缓冲综合性能。     

超高压水力割缝强化抽采瓦斯技术研究

水力割缝是一种重要的强化瓦斯抽采增透技术,现已开始在低透气性突出煤层应用。为了进一步考察其实际效果,选取新集二矿1煤组220112工作面底抽巷实施了100 MPa超高压水力割缝试验。试验结果表明:割缝后,瓦斯抽采纯量平均0.77 m3/min,是未割缝钻孔的瓦斯抽采纯量(0.34 m~3/min)的2.26倍;1煤层组瓦斯抽采钻孔抽采30、60天的抽采有效半径为5 m、7.5 m,极限抽采半径为8 m,相比水力冲孔、未割缝钻孔抽采有效半径显著增加,超高压水力割缝强化抽采瓦斯技术具有广泛的应用前景。     

Progress on the hydraulic measures for grid slotting and fracking to enhance coal seam permeability

A method of hydraulic grid slotting and hydraulic fracturing was proposed to enhance the permeability of low permeability coal seam in China. Micro-structural development and strength characteristics of coal were analysed to set up the failure criterion of coal containing water and gas, which could describe the destruction rule of coal containing gas under the hydraulic measures more accurately. Based on the theory of transient flow and fluid grid, the numerical calculation model of turbulence formed by high pressure oscillating water jet was used. With the high speed photography test, dynamic evolution and pulsation characteristics of water jet water analysed which laid a foundation for mechanism analysis of rock damage under water jet. Wave equation of oscillating water jet slotting was established and the mechanism of coal damage by the impact stress wave under oscillation jet was revealed. These provide a new method to study the mechanism of porosity and crack damage under high pressure jet.Fracture criterion by jet slotting was established and mechanism of crack development controlled by crack zone between slots was found. The fractures were induced to extend along pre-set direction,instead of being controlled by original stress field. The model of gas migration through coal seams after the hydraulic measures for grid slotting and fracking was established. The key technology and equipment for grid slotting and fracking with high-pressure oscillating jet were developed and applied to coal mines in Chongqing and Henan in China. The results show that the gas permeability of coal seam is enhanced by three orders of magnitude, efficiency of roadway excavation and mining is improved by more than 57%and the cost of gas control is reduced by 50%.     

插齿加工进刀调整量分析与计算

分析了插齿加工原理，给出了插齿进刀量调整的数学公式，可直接指导生产实际．     

正前角插齿刀刃形误差分析及修正计算

以啮合理论为基础。详细分析了插齿刀理论刃形误差产生的原因，提出了插齿刀理论刃形误差修正的方法和计算结果。     

割缝预抽后煤瓦斯吸附特性的变化特征

为了研究割缝预抽后煤瓦斯吸附特性的变化特征,以杨柳煤矿10煤层7个煤样为研究对象,采用甲烷等温吸附实验测定煤样的Langmuir方程吸附常数a和b,通过压汞实验和低温液氮吸附实验的有机结合,表征煤样孔径分布和比表面积的变化.结果表明:(1)随着煤样与割缝孔距离的增大,吸附常数α呈逐渐增大的趋势,而吸附常数b的变化趋势则相反,但与甲烷等温吸附曲线的曲率变化趋势一致.(2)随着煤样与割缝孔距离的增大,煤样孔径分布发生显著的变化,吸附孔孔容比从33.27％增大到55.38％,比表面积从7.254 m2/g增大到9.856 m2/g.(3)割缝预抽后,煤样参数曲线(Langmuir方程吸附常数、吸附孔孔容比和比表面积)的变化幅度均呈现出平缓→急剧→平缓的趋势,具有有界性和非线性的特征,符合Boltzmann方程.割缝预抽后煤瓦斯吸附特性的变化存在明显的分区特征:变化显著区(小于1.8 m)、变化过渡区(1.8～4.5 m)和变化不显著区(大于4.5 m).(4)割缝预抽后煤体瓦斯压力下降,有效应力增大,进而控制煤体的吸附特性.研究结果可以为煤层水力割缝增透实践提供可靠的基础理论支撑.     

水力压裂技术对低渗透煤层改造的分析与完善

从煤层水力压裂技术原理开始分析,根据水力压裂施工技术和系统布置分析其局限性,提出了面对不同地质时的增透技术创新。     

渐开线内插齿刀的优化设计

介绍了渐开线直齿内齿轮插齿刀的优化设计方法。论述了其数学模型的建立和优化方法的选择,并通过实例验证了优化设计的效果。