Small Changes,Big Impact: Tungsten Bronzes with Extremely Large Second Harmonic Generation Achieved by the Transition Metal Doping on the B-Site

Two novel transition metal-doped tungsten bronze oxides, Pb_2.15Li_0.85Nb_4.85Ti_0.15O₁₅ (PLNT) and Pb_2.15Li_0.55Nb_4.85W_0.15O₁₅ (PLNW), are synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reactions. The Rietveld method using the high-resolution synchrotron radiation indicates that PLNT and PLNW crystallize in the orthorhombic polar noncentrosymmetric space group, Pmn2₁ (no. 31). As a class of tungsten bronze oxide, PLNT and PLNW retain a unique rigid framework composed of d⁰ transition metal cation (Ti⁴⁺ or W⁶⁺)-doped highly distorted NbO₆ octahedra along with the subsequently generated Pb/LiO₁₂ and PbO₁₅ polyhedra. Interestingly, the d⁰ transition metal-doped tungsten bronzes, PLNT and PLNW, exhibit extremely large second-harmonic generation (SHG) responses of 56 and 67 × KH₂PO₄, respectively. The observed immeasurably strong SHG is mainly attributed to a net polarization originating from the alignment of highly distorted NbO₆ octahedra with doped transition metals in the frameworks. It is believed that doping transition metal cations at the B-site of the tungsten bronze structures should be an innovative strategy to develop novel high-performance nonlinear optical materials.     

考虑双目竞争视觉现象的非对称失真立体图像质量评价方法

目的 现有方法存在特征提取时间过长、非对称失真图像预测准确性不高的问题,同时少有工作对非对称失真与对称失真立体图像的分类进行研究,为此提出了基于双目竞争的非对称失真立体图像质量评价方法。方法 依据双目竞争的视觉现象,利用非对称失真立体图像两个视点的图像质量衰减程度的不同,生成单目图像特征的融合系数,融合从左右视点图像中提取的灰度空间特征与HSV （hue-saturation-value）彩色空间特征。同时,量化两个视点图像在结构、信息量和质量衰减程度等多方面的差异,获得双目差异特征。并且将双目融合特征与双目差异特征级联为一个描述能力更强的立体图像质量感知特征向量,训练基于支持向量回归的特征—质量映射模型。此外,还利用双目差异特征训练基于支持向量分类模型的对称失真与非对称失真立体图像分类模型。结果 本文提出的质量预测模型在4个数据库上的SROCC （Spearman rank order correlation coefficient）和PLCC （Pearson linear correlation coefficient）均达到0.95以上,在3个非对称失真数据库上的均方根误差（root of mean square error,RMSE）取值均优于对比算法。在LIVE-II（LIVE 3D image quality database phase II）、IVC-I（Waterloo-IVC 3D image qualityassessment database phase I）和IVC-II （Waterloo-IVC 3D image quality assessment database phase II）这3个非对称失真立体图像测试数据库上的失真类型分类测试中,对称失真立体图像的分类准确率分别为89.91%、94.76%和98.97%,非对称失真立体图像的分类准确率分别为95.46%,92.64%和96.22%。结论 本文方法依据双目竞争的视觉现象融合左右视点图像的质量感知特征用于立体图像质量预测,能够提升非对称失真立体图像的评价准确性和鲁棒性。所提取双目差异性特征还能够用于将对称失真与非对称失真立体图像进行有效分类,分类准确性高。     

3DS MAX中粒子系统的应用研究

在3dsmax教学与实践中,通过对"粒子系统与空间扭曲"的进一步研究,利用"噪波(Noise)"修改器、"重力"和"导向板"对"喷射"粒子进行控制的方法,制作出动感十足的喷泉效果。     

发动机进口流场温度畸变测试技术研究

进口流场的温度畸变对军用飞机发动机稳定性具有比压力畸变更大的影响。文本采用研制的ＤＡＰ－ＩＤ３型高型高速大容量数据采集及实时存储处理系统,对温度畸变试验及温度畸变模拟装置调试、评价中的一些测量技术问题进行了研究,在现场获得成功的试验结果。并对影响精度的一些因素进行了分析,提出了一些有益建议。     

Principle of a two-output-difference interferometer for removing the most important interference distortions

This paper presents a two-output-difference interferometer for removing the most important interference distortions caused by nonlinear detectors. These distortions can be removed not only because the resulting interferogram is composed of the difference between the signals of the two detectors, but also because the modulated signals at each output have the same amplitude and opposite phases. Due to the use of two corner-cube mirrors fixed as a single moving element, the tilt and shearing problem will disappear. The effect of the corner-cube mirror deviation angle and the plane mirror tilt angle are investigated in detail, and the formulas of their tolerance are derived by means of modulation depth and phase error. The advantage of the interferometer enables it to be suitable for Fourier transform spectrometers.     

Market distortions and aggregate productivity: Evidence from Chinese energy enterprises

Market distortions can generate resource misallocations across heterogeneous firms and reduce aggregate productivity. This paper measures market distortions and aggregate productivity growth in China's energy sector. We use the wedge between output elasticities and factor shares in revenues to recover a measure of firm-level market distortions. Using data on a large sample of Chinese energy enterprises from 1999 to 2007, our estimations provide strong evidence of the existence of both factor and product market distortions within and across China's various energy industries. The productivity aggregation and decomposition results demonstrate that the estimated aggregate productivity growth (APG) is, on average, 2.595% points per year, of which technological change, resource reallocation, and firm entries and exits account for 1.981, 0.068, and 0.546% points, respectively. The weak contributions of resource reallocation and firm turnover to APG are also found in energy sub-industries, except in the coal industry. Our research suggests that China's energy sector has major potential for productivity gains from resource reallocation through the reduction of market distortions.     

Theoretical performance analysis of radio frequency fingerprinting under receiver distortions

Radio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) is used to uniquely identify individual emitters by exploiting the radio frequency characteristics, which are originated from transmitter imperfections. The theoretical performance is analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of RFF with channel noise and receiver imperfections. The distortions from oscillators and analog‐to‐digital converter (ADC) are considered, and a RFF signal model describing the discrepancies of transmitter imperfections, channel noise, and receiver distortions are constructed. A likelihood ratio test algorithm for RFF is proposed to analyze the theoretical performance. The upper and lower bound of theoretic performance is derived through the analysis of the likelihood ratio test statistic, which enlightens how to design a “just enough” receiver to meet the demands of RFF. The simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical evaluation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

薄板焊接特征屈曲的数值分析

在薄板焊接中,由于局部加热和迅速冷却产生了沿焊缝方向的焊接收缩应力,而导致焊接薄板发生屈曲变形.本文采用以热弹性为基础的有限元数值模拟与薄板结构稳定理论相结合的方法,对薄板焊接屈曲变形进行计算机数值模拟,并且分析了约束类型、单元尺寸、长宽比对薄板焊接屈曲载荷的影响,最后得出焊接薄板的屈曲失稳判据.     

变形镜热形变及其对光束质量的影响分析

在考虑中红外高反膜系的非均匀吸收情况下,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了带高反膜系的变形镜模型。定量分析了连续激光辐照下,变形镜的温升、热形变及其对光束质量的影响。研究结果表明,在使用有限元软件进行分析时,高反膜系的非均匀吸收不可忽略;变形镜极头间距越窄,热形变带来的波前畸变空间频率越高;当入射波前峰谷(PV)值与变形镜热形变面形PV值相差不大时,热形变带来的影响最明显;在总吸收能量一定的情况下,入射激光功率越大,热形变对光束质量的影响越明显。此外,针对不同的换热条件,讨论了变形镜热形变对光束质量的影响,进而针对热形变的产生机理,提出采用局部换热方式降低变形镜的热形变。     

Pairing, Stripes, Lattice Distortions, and Superconductivity in Cuprate Oxides

We propose a model for a spatially modulated collective state of superconducting cuprates in which the electronic properties vary locally in space. In this model, the regions of higher hole density (called stripes) are described as Luttinger liquids and the regions of lower density (antiferromagnetic ladders) as an interacting bosonic gas of hole pairs. We show that the transition to the superconducting state is topologic and driven by decay processes among these elementary excitations in the presence of vibrations.