岩金矿山采空区处理现状及对策

岩金矿山以浅眼留矿法为代表的空场采矿法为主要开采手段，约占50％，每年形成数百万m^3采空区，并绝大多数未进行专门处理。本文介绍数例岩金矿山采空区处理方法及效果与对策，供有关企业参考。     

对遂昌金矿采场结构参数的探讨

对于遂昌金矿合理的采场结构参数，目前没有理想的确定方法。本文联系上盘围岩的构造裂隙，矿房的支护形式等提出采场稳定跨度判断指标。经４０个采场的检验，值信度达９７．５％。     

蚕庄金矿倾斜采场的地压研究

本文使用工程地质、室内试验及数值分析的方法对蚕庄金矿的倾斜矿房的地压活动规律进行了研究，得出了一些有价值的结论。     

房柱法在斗南锰矿缓倾斜极薄矿体的试采

本文介绍了房柱法在斗南锰矿缓倾斜极薄矿体(厚度小于1.2m)中的试验情况。经试采证明,该方法是回采缓倾斜极薄矿体的一种有效方法。采场生产能力可达48t/d,矿房回采率为87.1％,矿块回采率为80.4％,废石混入率为9.3％。采用了预裂爆破、松动爆破和抛掷爆破技术,对减少粉矿以及矿石的贫化和损失,起到了很好的作用。     

岩金矿山空区处理研究

文章阐述了岩金矿山空区处理研究的手段及空区处理的方法，探讨了空区破坏的地质，力学机理。     

Similarity model tests of movement and deformation of coal-rock mass below stopes

For a study of the movement and deformation of coal-rock mass and low protected seams below a stope,as well as for fracture developments and rules of evolution of permeability,we designed a plane strain model test stand to carry out model tests of similar materials in order to improve the effect of gas drainage from low protected seams and to measure the movement and deformation of coal-rock mass using a method of non-contact close-range photogrammetry.Our results show that 1) using paraffin melting to take the place of coal seam mining can satisfy the mining conditions of a protective seam;2) coal-rock mass under goafs has an upward movement after the protective seam has been mined,causing floor heaving;3) low protected seams become swollen and deformed,providing a good pressure-relief effect and causing the coal-rock mass under both sides of coal pillars to become deformed by compression and 4) the evolution of permeability of low protected seams follows the way of initial values→a slight decrease→a great increase→stability→final decrease.Simultaneously,the coefficient of air permeability increased at a decreasing rate with an increase in interlayer spacing.     

Strategic mining options optimization:Open pit mining,underground mining or both

Near-surface deposits that extend to considerable depths are often amenable to both open pit mining and/or underground mining. This paper investigates the strategy of mining options for an orebody using a Mixed Integer Linear Programming(MILP) optimization framework. The MILP formulation maximizes the Net Present Value(NPV) of the reserve when extracted with(i) open pit mining,(ii) underground mining, and(iii) concurrent open pit and underground mining. Comparatively, implementing open pit mining generates a higher NPV than underground mining. However considering the investment required for these mining options, underground mining generates a better return on investment than open pit mining. Also, in the concurrent open pit and underground mining scenario, the optimizer prefers extracting blocks using open pit mining. Although the underground mine could access ore sooner, the mining cost differential for open pit mining is more than compensated for by the discounting benefits associated with earlier underground mining.     

Orthogonal design and numerical simulation of room and pillar configurations in fractured stopes

Room and pillar sizes are key factors for safe mining and ore recovery in open-stope mining. To investigate the influence of room and pillar configurations on stope stability in highly fractured and weakened areas, an orthogonal design with two factors, three levels and nine runs was proposed, followed by three-dimensional numerical simulation using ANSYS and FLAC3~. Results show that surface settlement after excavation is concentrically ringed, and increases with the decrease of pillar width and distances to stope gobs. In the meantime, the ore-control fault at the ore-rock boundary and the fractured argillaceous dolomite with intercalated slate at the hanging wall deteriorate the roof settlement. Additionally, stope stability is challenged due to pillar rheological yield and stress concentration, and both are induced by redistribution of stress and plastic zones after mining. Following an objective function and a constraint function, room and pillar configuration with widths of 14 m and 16 m, respectively, is presented as the optimization for improving the ore recovery rate while maintaining a safe working environment.     

软岩采场边界失稳原因分析及应对措施

从放矿过程、爆破震动、上覆岩等方面对有底部结构空场法侧壁失稳的原因进行了深入研究，提高了对边界失稳机理的认识；同时，在对大量采场边界失稳观测和分析的基础上，提出了坍塌角经验公式，并以此为依据提出对策。通过生产实践证明，采取的措施行之有效，能避免边界失稳带来的影响，使采切工程和落矿中深孔的布置更具合理性。     

九仗沟金矿上向进路采场结构参数优化

针对九仗沟金矿采场结构参数合理性差、采矿成本偏高等问题,采用FLAC~(3D)数值模拟对采场结构参数进行优化研究,得到较优的采场跨度。在九仗沟金矿进行现场工业性试验,并在试验采场开展经济效益统计和计算工作,得到试验采场的经济效益。数值模拟结果说明九丈沟金矿上向进路采场的极限跨度为8.0m,采场破坏程度较轻。现场工业试验结果说明7.0m作为采场跨度具有较好的经济效益,保证安全生产的同时提高采矿效率。