Developing social impact assessment guidelines in a pre-existing policy context

Few jurisdictions have translated internationally agreed social impact assessment (SIA) principles into statutory provisions. Governments and regulatory bodies tend to provide developers with high-level frameworks, or require that social impacts be ‘considered’, without specifying how this is to be done. In Australia, this lack of clarity leaves all parties uncertain about requirements for SIA. The New South Wales (NSW) Government’s 2017 release of the SIA guideline for State-significant mining, petroleum and extractive industry development represents an attempt to clarify requirements and provide guidance. In this paper, we describe the process of bringing this guideline to fruition from the perspective of being directly involved in its development, and highlight the challenges involved in integrating leading-practice principles into the state’s pre-existing policy framework. While the guideline represents a significant advance in policy-based SIA guidance, some aspects leave room for improvement. The real test of the guideline’s impact will lie in its influence on SIA practice in NSW, and ultimately in social outcomes for communities affected by resources projects.     

协同作战能力简析

协同作战能力(CEC)是一种充分利用网络技术的新型海岸防空技术，给系统的作战能力带来了革命性的交破。本文对协同作战能力的产生、功能、组成以及未来的发展趋势作了详细的介绍，阐述了CEC系统的总体设计思想。在此基础上，将CEC系统与传统的作战系统的性能和设计思想在各方面进行了比较，交出了CEC系统各方面的优越性能。协同作战能力是现代和未来作战系统的发展方向，CEC系统的发展必将成为衡量各国国防科技现代化的重要指标。     

Engaging the aging workforce: The relationship between perceived age similarity, satisfaction with coworkers, and employee engagement.

Business publications and the popular press have stressed the importance of creating conditions for meaningful employee expression in work roles, also known as engagement. Few empirical studies, however, have examined how individual or situational factors relate to engagement. Consequently, this study examines the interplay between employee age, perceived coworker age composition, and satisfaction with older (older than 55) and younger (younger than 40) coworkers on engagement using a sample of 901 individuals employed in the United Kingdom. Results indicated that satisfaction with one's coworkers related significantly to engagement. Moreover, perceived age similarity was associated with higher levels of engagement among older workers when they were highly satisfied with their coworkers over 55 and lower levels of engagement when they were not. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluating Community Safety Programmes and Community Engagement: The Role of Qualitative Methods and Collaborative Approaches to Policy Research

This article explores the role of qualitative and collaborative methods when undertaking evaluation research into local community safety partnerships and neighbourhood strategies. It draws on recent examples of research and evaluation studies of regeneration and community safety programmes in a number of cities and towns in England. The discussion is set against the background of the major changes in policy relating to crime and community safety, particularly the introduction of Crime and Disorder Partnerships and their engagement with local communities. The value of qualitative methods in exploring some key questions is discussed, particularly within a collaborative approach to policy research.     

Mine,ours, and yours: Whose engagement and prior knowledge affects individual achievement from online collaborative learning?

In computer-supported collaborative learning research, studies examining the combined effects of individual level, group level and within-group differences level measures on individual achievement are scarce. The current study addressed this by examining whether individual, group and within-group differences regarding engagement and prior knowledge predict individual achievement. Engagement was operationalised as group members' exhibited activities in the task space (i.e., discussing domain-content) and social space (i.e., regulating ideas, actions and socioemotional processes). Prior knowledge and achievement were operationalised as group members' performance on a domain-related pre-test and post-test, respectively. Data was collected for 95 triads of secondary education students collaborating on a complex business-economics problem. Subsequently, three different multilevel models were tested to examine the combined effect. First a model with the individual level measures (model 1) was tested and in subsequent models the group level measures (model 2) and within-group levels measures (model 3) were added. Findings indicate model 2 showed the best fit; group members' individual engagement in the social space activities as well as the groups' average prior knowledge positively predicts individual achievement. No effects were found for either group members' or groups' engagement in the task space and for the within-group differences.     

Learning in a mobile age: an investigation of student motivation

The purpose of this single‐case study was to explore the lived experiences of a grade 6 teacher and students who used tablets as part of their classroom instruction. Malone and Lepper's taxonomy of intrinsic motivations for learning is used as a framework for examining whether and how this particular theory of motivation applies equally well for mobile learning. This study reports on the grade 6 teacher's and students' perceptions regarding the motivational affordances of using these mobile devices for learning. The findings are consistent with those of Malone and Lepper that motivation can be enhanced through challenge, curiosity, control, recognition, competition and cooperation. This model is helpful in informing our understanding of the motivating features of using mobile devices for learning and how mobile technologies can be used to enhance learners' motivation.     

Perception of own and robot engagement in human–robot interactions and their dependence on robotics knowledge

Communication between socially assistive robots and humans might be facilitated by intuitively understandable mechanisms. To investigate the effects of some key nonverbal gestures on a human’s own engagement and robot engagement experienced by humans, participants read a series of instructions to a robot that responded with nods, blinks, changes in gaze direction, or a combination of these. Unbeknown to the participants, the robot had no form of speech processing or gesture recognition, but simply measured speech volume levels, responding with gestures whenever a lull in sound was detected. As measured by visual analogue scales, engagement of participants was not differentially affected by the different responses of the robot. However, their perception of the robot’s engagement in the task, its likability and its understanding of the instructions depended on the gesture presented, with nodding being the most effective response. Participants who self-reported greater robotics knowledge reported higher overall engagement and greater success at developing a relationship with the robot. However, self-reported robotics knowledge did not differentially affect the impact of robot gestures. This suggests that greater familiarity with robotics may help to maximise positive experiences for humans involved in human–robot interactions without affecting the impact of the type of signal sent by the robot.     

等齿数平行轴外啮合同向传动齿轮的啮合传动分析

一种新型同向传动齿轮——平行轴外啮合同向传动齿轮的啮合传动原理.不同于传统齿轮,所研究的平行轴外啮合同向传动齿轮只需要2个齿轮就可以实现同向传动.采用机械原理分析方法对等齿数同向传动齿轮的正确啮合条件和连续传动条件进行了推导,并计算了重合度,最后给出同向传动齿轮的无侧隙啮合方程.研究结果表明平行轴外啮合同向传动齿轮可以实现同向传动.     

大学生民主参与状况评析——以南京市7所高校大学生为例

大学生作为政治文明与和谐社会的建设者和接班人,其民主参与的程度对于我国民主政治的发展,对于政治现代化的进程有着不可或缺的影响。在实际调查基础上,从民主参与意识、参与程度、参与方式、参与实效等方面对当代大学生政治参与状况和问题进行剖析,以期从增强公民意识,提高参与能力,完善民主参与机制、加强民主法制建设,肯定合理利益动机、重视学生民主参与的作用等四个方面来探讨如何增强大学生的民主参与水平。     

基于VC＋＋的胶印机内偏心轴承参数化设计

内偏心轴承是胶印机离合压机构中通过调节滚筒间的中心距以实现合压和离压两种工作状态要求的重要部件．根据胶印机离舍压机构中内偏心轴承参数设计的基本准则和顺序离合压工艺要求,采用vC＋＋面向对象程序设计技术和MFC方便友好的对话框编程界面进行参数化设计．通过在可视化界面上输入离合压机构的基本参数,可以方便快捷得到内偏心轴承的安装位置和关键参数,极大地提高了设计人员的工作效率．设计方法可以应用到不同类型、规格的胶印机顺序离合压机构的设计中,可缩短设计周期,提高设计效率．