美国德里湖大坝溃决事故调查

调查表明,超标准洪水、闸门缺陷和与生俱来的设计问题导致了2010年7月爱荷华州德里湖大坝的溃决。漫顶引起了土坝侵蚀,并最终泄空了德里湖水库,造成了数百万美元的财产损失。     

Delphi7平台下的小型图书管理信息系统的设计与实现

该图书管理信息系统旨在实现更加科学、高效的图书管理,同时最大程度上满足读者需求、方便管理员操作,使用Delphi7开发平台和SQL Server2000后台数据库进行系统构建,能够完成查询、借阅等图书管理相关的多种功能,适用于各中小型图书馆,具有良好的推广性,基本实现了动态的信息化管理.     

Effects of urbanisation on the quality of the urban runoff for Delhi watershed

The current paper is the first study to report quality of urban runoff, focusing on the diffuse sources contributing to pollutant loads in the Delhi watershed. The quality of stormwater runoff from the urban watershed of Delhi was evaluated to assess the effects of different land-use practices on pollutant concentrations. Six sites within the Delhi watershed with different land-use characteristics were selected. The microbial quality of the urban runoff from sub-catchments of Delhi watershed is very poor with Faecal Coliform (FC) levels varying between 6 and 7 log orders. There was a good correlation between the chemical and biological quality of urban runoff with land-use characteristics such as impervious land and population density. Except for chemical oxygen demand all other parameters in urban runoff were found to exceed the effluent discharge standards set by the National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD), India. The public health risks associated with exposure to urban runoff via different routes have also been qualitatively estimated.     

Constructivist Management of Knowledge,Communication and Enterprise Innovation: Lessons from Indian Experience

Prime movers of enterprise innovation are inside the organisation. The enterprise NIIT, studied in this paper, tells us how elicitation and recognition of knowledge and its contents set an enterprise on the move. Recognised knowledge is actionable. Each act of recognition is an addition to knowledge content, and such additions took place in NIIT through acts of communications and self-searching. These contents form a large collage that cannot be strewn into a single novelistic episode. Perspectives and context, motives and suggestions render to each member of the enterprise different disjoint appearances of knowledge. There are thus many knowledge systems and multiple narrations, each with small episode-like finality. Enterprise innovation is achieved not through any grand episodic integration of all knowledge contents, but by constructively eliciting further new contents of knowledge, and encouraging acts of communications and discourses on this new knowledge. Constructive management of knowledge and communication towards enterprise innovation has thus been defined. Through such constructive management, NIIT enabled itself innovationally and empowered its members in eliciting knowledge and acting communicatively. A critical feature of knowledge work is that it requires multidisciplinary expertise and mutual learning in order to achieve a complex synthesis of highly specialised state-of-the-art technologies and knowledge domains. A convivial work culture and a culture of communicative acts enable sharing of the non-informatised yet recognised contents of knowledge.     

Ⅰ型新德里金属β内酰胺酶的生物信息学分析

目的应用生物信息学方法分析Ⅰ型新德里金属β内酰胺酶(New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase 1,NDM1)的基本性质,并与常见的β内酰胺类抗生素进行分子对接,在理论上研究NDM1对β内酰胺类抗生素和抑制剂的水解活性。方法应用EMBOSS 6.3.1.1软件包的程序分析NDM1的基本性质,并分别利用SWISS-MODEL同源建模和PHYRE 2.0折叠识别法构建NDM1的空间结构,再运用Arguslab 4.0软件的dock模块进行β内酰胺类抗生素与NDM1分子对接。结果 NDM1共270个氨基酸残基,理论等电点为6.3,包含1个跨膜区,α螺旋占27%,β折叠占34.5%;与抗生素对接能量由低到高依次为氨苄西林、头孢拉啶、阿莫西林、头孢唑林、甲氧西林、美罗培南、亚胺培南、氨曲南、克拉维酸。结论NDM1对氨苄西林催化效率最高,对氨曲南催化效率最低,克拉维酸对NDM1无抑制作用。     

The Visceral City and the Theatre of Fear

Over the last decade in India, intensive urbanisation, with the aid of the mass media, has unleashed a new culture of fear. Widespread access to TV, text messaging and the Internet have heightened and played upon individuals' anxieties. Ravi Sundaram describes how in Delhi, in particular, the media provided the catalyst for ‘mass hysteria’ and ‘psychosis’ during the summer of 2002. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Investigation of Dipicolinic Acid Isosteres for the Inhibition of Metallo-β-Lactamases

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) poses an immediate threat to our most effective and widely prescribed drugs, the β-lactam-containing class of antibiotics. There are no clinically relevant inhibitors to combat NDM-1, despite significant efforts toward their development. Inhibitors that use a carboxylic acid motif for binding the Zn^II ions in the active site of NDM-1 make up a large portion of the >500 inhibitors reported to date. New and structurally diverse scaffolds for inhibitor development are needed urgently. Herein we report the isosteric replacement of one carboxylate group of dipicolinic acid (DPA) to obtain DPA isosteres with good inhibitory activity against NDM-1 (and related metallo-β-lactamases, IMP-1 and VIM-2). It was determined that the choice of carboxylate isostere influences both the potency of NDM-1 inhibition and the mechanism of action. Additionally, we show that an isostere with a metal-stripping mechanism can be re-engineered into an inhibitor that favors ternary complex formation. This work provides a roadmap for future isosteric replacement of routinely used metal binding motifs (i.e., carboxylic acids) for the generation of new entities in NDM-1 inhibitor design and development.     

The Presence of the Weather

Modern architecture has dedicated much of its discourse to crystal-ball gazing – dwelling on the visionary and the speculative. Conversely, Kevin Nute , Professor of Architecture at the University of Oregon, puts the case for the present over the future and the past. To enhance experiences of the present, he describes how architects can harness the effects of changing temporal and weather conditions – sun and shadow, wind and rain. Design can heighten the sensory stimuli these conditions generate, keeping us ‘in the moment’ while still enjoying the comfort of being indoors.     

Role of Universities in IT Education in India

In the wake of the information technology (IT) revolution, the paper describes the changing role of universities to promote IT education in India to generate qualitative and competitive manpower in the face of the mushrooming of private institutions in the field of IT. The rapid growth of private teaching initiatives reflects inadequacies of the public educational system to the needs of the emerging IT environment, especially considering the high prices charged by private training. It is pointed out that the emerging knowledge society and the economy are not going to be based on IT alone, but will depend on the development of both IT and basic research in domain areas. Any policy on IT education should ensure that basic disciplines are not ignored. Universities should develop new and innovative programmes for students from different basic disciplines to give training for high-end jobs. To promote IT education a new innovative concept of earning while learning has recently been introduced. Some of the initiatives started by Delhi University to modify/improve course programmes for IT education are highlighted, looking at the needs of the industry.