Supply chain redesign through optimal asset management and capital budgeting

Manufacturing and inventory facilities along with the materials present in them are the physical assets of a company. Companies strive to maximize their shareholder values by managing these assets through a variety of business decisions. In this work, we present a new mixed-integer linear programming model for asset management and capital budgeting, which can aid the decision-making process for supply chain redesign. The decisions include facility location, relocation, investment, disinvestment, technology upgrade, production–allocation, distribution, supply contracts, capital generation, etc. To the best of our knowledge, this model is the first to address disinvestment, technology upgrade, material supply contracts, and loans and bonds for capital generation, while including strategic asset management and tactical planning, capacity planning, financial/regulatory factors, and production–distribution. We illustrate the impact of ignoring disinvestment and/or relocation decisions as a 14% decrease in profit for an example case study.     

Negative rebound and disinvestment effects in response to an improvement in energy efficiency in the UK economy

This paper uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) framework to investigate the conditions under which rebound effects may occur in response to increases in energy efficiency in the UK national economy. Previous work for the UK has suggested that rebound effects will occur even where key elasticities of substitution in production are set close to zero. The research reported in this paper involves carrying out a systematic sensitivity analysis, where relative price sensitivity is gradually introduced into the system, focusing specifically on elasticities of substitution in production and trade parameters, in order to determine conditions under which rebound effects become a likely outcome. The main result is that, while there is positive pressure for rebound effects even where (direct and indirect) demands for energy are very price inelastic, this may be partially or wholly offset by negative income, competitiveness and disinvestment effects, which also occur in response to falling energy prices. The occurrence of disinvestment effects is of particular interest. These occur where falling energy prices reduce profitability in domestic energy supply sectors, leading to a contraction in capital stock in these sectors, which may in turn lead to rebound effects that are smaller in the long run than in the short run, a result that runs contrary to the predictions of previous theoretical work in this area.