Analysis of an extensive measurement program developed from the start up to the follow up of the operation of the CNAAA NPP

Integrated tests (IT) applied to the Units I and II of the CNAAA Nuclear Power Plants (Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) vara part of a comprehensive test program required to have the commercial operational licence issued. The IT cover operation at zero power and the subsequent power levels (the power escalation) until the nominal power operation.

This paper reports and compares the results of systematic neutron and gamma equivalent dose-rate measurements performed inside and outside the reactor containment of each Unit, during the start-up phase of the operation, for different power levels of the reactors. It also compares the collective-doses measured along the operation of the two units of the CNAAA wich similar data of the Grafenrheinfeld nuclear power plant (Germany) — basic-of-project for the CNAAA — Unit II — and analyses the data under the fight of the state-of-art.     

为促进我国核电事业的发展而努力

本文简介了国外压水堆核电站的发展趋向,展望了我国核电发展的前景,提出了我国发展核电的基本方针和应采取的对策.     

整体式预热器U型管蒸汽发生器数学模型及动态模拟

本文针对整体式预热器Ｕ型管蒸汽发生器建立了热工数学模型并进行了动态模拟。该模型是一个２５阶、非线性、可移动边界模型。包括：一、二次侧的质量与能量平衡方程以及确定二次侧下降段流量的动量守恒方程。对所建立的模型利用Ｇｅａｒ方法作了蒸汽阀门开度阶跃１０％的瞬态模拟，所得结果和国外所公布的结果吻合得很好。由此可见。本文所建立的模型可以为这种蒸汽发生器的设计、运行、控制提供理论依据。     

压水堆核电厂的核清洁工作介绍

核清洁是保障核电厂安全、高效运行的基础。本文阐述了核清洁工作的技术要求、管理方法和实施步骤，并对未来的工作提出建议。     

压水堆堆芯换料设计优化的研究

讨论压水堆堆芯换料设计优化问题，并研制一套实用的换料优化软件包，可用于低泄漏、外－内和改进的外－内装料方案的优化。在低泄漏方案优化时，利用哈林原理将燃料组件布置与可燃毒物配置的优化问题脱耦成两步优化问题。先用线性规划方法进行无可燃毒物时燃料组件布置的优化，然后再用可变容差法寻找可燃毒物的优化布置。应用该软件对秦山核电厂首次难芯换料方案进行了优化，提出了可供参考的一些优化布置方案。     

PWR核电站蒸汽发生器停堆湿保养工况联氨的缓蚀作用

一、引言压水堆(PWR)核电站蒸汽发生器(SG)管材因二回路系统腐蚀产物积累发生应力腐蚀开裂,这是SG传热管破损的主要原因之一。维修和更换SG使PWR停运期间所需要的替用电力对发电站造成很大的财政负担,同时,二回路系统的腐蚀产物沉积在蒸汽发生器内,降低     

Analysis of low load transients for the Vandellòs-II NPP: Application to operation and control support

The Technical University of Catalonia (UPC) has been jointly working with the Asociación Nuclear Ascó-Vandellòs (ANAV) for a number of years in order to establish, qualify and use best estimate (BE) models for the reactors under the control of ANAV. ANAV is the consortium that is responsible for operation of the Ascó and Vandellòs-II reactors. The reactors are Westinghouse-design three-loop PWRs with an approximate electrical power of 1000 MW. The existing integral plant models for each plant are currently used for many different purposes among which are support of plant operation and control. Quite a number of studies have been done in order to improve both safety and plant competitiveness. Most of these dynamic analyses were carried out in relation to transients starting at nominal full power or at least, very close to full power. This paper develops a specific use of the Vandellòs-II plant model for operation and control support at low power involving new ranges of system actuation parameters. It also examines scenarios that are somewhat different from those typically analysed. The study starts showing the results of an assessment case, which is a start-up test and provides some additional qualification, and subsequently attempts to establish calculations to support both an improvement in feed water controls and to set up operating recommendations for low-load manual operation of feed water turbo-pump. Both results hopefully, will produce an outcome, which leads to an improvement in safety and reduces reactor trip probability.     

我国核裂变能可持续发展战略研究

本文从科学技术的角度,分析我国国民经济增长对核能发展的需求,探讨我国核能的近中期发展战略构想,指出为实现其发展战略目标而应重点研究的关键科学技术与问题,并提出一些相关的政策建议,为国家制定核能中长期发展规划提供参考。     

堆底熔穿事故的场外后果及其对策

在压水堆核电站应急计划和应急响应中，堆底熔穿事故占有重要位置。本文用法国核电厂事故源项Ｓ３（对应于堆底熔穿事故）计算了在典型气象条件下的场外放射学的后果，根据一般防护决策原则和我国颁布的干预水平，提出了保护公众的应急防护措施的建议。     

压水堆一回路系统水化学控制的探讨

通过对压水堆核电厂一回路系统主要材料和腐蚀类型的分析,结合一回路水化学特性,探讨压水堆普遍采用的水化学控制措施,如硼-锂协调pH控制、一回路冷却剂水质控制、堆芯外辐射场控制等,寻求优化一回路水化学控制方法,维护反应堆的安全运行,提高核电站的叮利用率.