近地表电磁探测多频数字驱动信号产生技术

针对近地表频率域电磁探测对发射信号的要求,以单极性倍频正弦脉宽调制技术(Si-nusoidal pulse width modulation,SPWM)为基础,利用现场可编程门阵列(Field-programma-ble gate array,FPGA)作为硬件平台,构建了基于嵌入式NiosII软核的片上系统SOPC(Sys-tem-on-a-programmable-chip);采用硬件描述语言(Verilog)实现多频SPWM的数字算法,产生频率间隔小、谐波失真(THD)低的多频数字驱动信号,克服了伪随机法频率间隔固定、系统结构复杂、位流法过分依赖负载线圈、算法复杂的缺点。最后,通过理论仿真和试验验证了本文方法的优越性。     

一种新型单级PFC变换器的研究

提出了一种新型单级功率因数校正变换器的电路拓扑,分析了其工作原理。通过一台输出容量为600W的实验装置,研究了该电路拓扑的输入、输出性能指标。实验结果表明,应用该电路拓扑的实验装置,其功率因数较高,输入电流的总谐波畸变较低,输出电压纹波小,而且整个装置的效率也比较高。     

采用滑模变结构直接功率控制的回馈级联型逆变器设计与验证

回馈逆变器因可实现能量的双向流动而广泛运用于负载需要4象限运行的场合。为此,对回馈级联型逆变器(EFCI)进行了深入研究。对回馈级联型逆变器H桥整流部分,实现了滑模变结构直接功率控制(SMVR-DPC),除了可实现H桥有功、无功和直流电压控制外,还可减小逆变器输入电流中的谐波,该方法控制简单,具有很好的动态品质和鲁棒性以及小的总谐波畸变率(THD)。对回馈级联型逆变器H桥逆变部分,为了提高直流电压利用率并减小逆变器输出电流中的谐波,对其在60°坐标系中基于3电平逆变器的简化空间矢量调制进行了研究,该简化空间矢量调制的矢量选取与作用时间计算非常简单。最后,仿真与实验结果验证了所提方法的正确性。     

Optimal DG Allocation in Radial Distribution Systems with High Penetration of Non-linear Loads

This paper addresses the optimal distributed generation sizing and siting for voltage profile improvement, power losses, and total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction in a distribution network with high penetration of non-linear loads. The proposed planning methodology takes into consideration the load profile, the frequency spectrum of non-linear loads, and the technical constraints such as voltage limits at different buses (slack and load buses) of the system, feeder capacity, THD limits, and maximum penetration limit of DG units. The optimization process is based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method with three scenarios of objective function: system power losses, THD, and multi-objective function-based power losses and THD. This method is executed on the IEEE 31-bus system under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal (harmonics) operating conditions including load variations within the 24-hr period. The simulation results using Matlab environment show the robustness of this method in optimal sizing and siting of DG, efficiency for improvement of voltage profile, reduction of power losses, and THD. A comparison with particle swarm optimization (PSO) method shows that the proposed method is better than PSO in reducing the power losses and THD in all suggested scenarios.     

考虑死区效应单相逆变器开关频率分析

针对逆变器死区效应引起的输出波形畸变问题,以单相电压型双极性SPWM逆变器为研究对象,提出一种以输出电压THD值最小为指标的选取逆变器开关频率的方法。首先,利用双重傅里叶变换和贝塞尔函数,推导了考虑死区效应情况下输出SPWM的傅里叶级数展开式。通过对输出SPWM电压进行频谱分析,研究了THD值和不同开关频率的关系。经研究发现,存在最优开关频率使得输出电压的THD值最小。其次,采用分段线性拉格朗日插值法,拟合不同死区时间选取最优开关频率的公式。最后,以TMS320F28335为控制芯片,搭建了单相双极性全桥逆变器试验样机,验证了理论分析与所提方法的有效性。实验结果表明,所提出的逆变器开关频率选取方法在减小输出电压THD的同时,减小了开关损耗,提高了直流侧电压利用率。     

一种改进的模块化SVG并联交错调制方式

针对模块化SVG系统交错并联调制时存在较大的电流总谐波畸变率(THD)的问题,提出了一种改进的模块化SVG并联交错调制方式。首先,根据该交错并联电路结构,分析交错并联系统的电流纹波,推导出交错并联系统最大电流纹波输出的计算公式。其次,将改进的交错并联调制方式与传统的交错并联方式进行对比,得出改进方式在抑制纹波等方面优于传统方式。最后,通过Matlab/Simulink进行仿真,实验验证所提的改进的模块化SVG并联交错调制方式的可行性和有效性。结果表明,这种交错并联方式在较低的开关频率下,效果十分明显,为低频、小电流的交错并联系统提供了应用基础。     

A new arrangement of Z‐source AC–AC converter and its closed‐loop control system

In this study, a Z‐source alternating current‐to‐alternating current (AC–AC) converter with a specific topology, which can provide both buck and boost modes, is investigated. This converter, which can be implemented easily, utilizes only two switches with complemented commands. A comparison between the Z‐source AC–AC converter and a conventional thyristor voltage controlled one is presented here, and it shows that in the most areas, the Z‐source converter provides a faster response and lower total harmonic distortion of the output currents than the conventional one. Moreover, the Z‐source converter is also extended to the multiphase systems. In addition, a new arrangement of this converter is proposed here to remove the isolated single‐phase sources. Furthermore, an open‐loop method is proposed for soft‐starting applications. Finally, a closed‐loop control system is also suggested for a three‐phase Z‐source converter to soft start and control the speed of an induction motor. Computer simulations show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ADC测试中INL与THD之间的关系

随着ADC测试技术的不断发展,码密度直方图技术以及采用正弦波输入的离散傅里叶变换(DFT)频域分析技术已经被广泛应用到ADC的仿真和测试分析中。相对于采用DFT进行频域分析获取ADC的动态性能的复杂性来说,采用码密度直方图的方法能简单地得到微分非线性(DNL)和积分非线性(INL)这两个静态性能指标。文章通过对一个10位ADC的行为级模型的仿真分析,阐述了总谐波失真(THD)与INL之间的内在联系,从而提出了通过对INL的测试来评估ADC的THD性能的方法,对今后ADC电路的测试和评估具有指导意义。     

高效率F类对讲机功率放大器的设计与实现

研究了F类射频功率放大器的电路结构与工作原理,并设计了一个工作频段为405～415 MHz、输出功率为30 dBm、功率附加效率达到65%的高效率低谐波失真的F类对讲机功率放大器.为了达到设计指标,设计采用了一些特殊的方法,包括采用两级单端结构功率放大器结构、F类功率放大器输出匹配网络,并针对谐波失真过大进行了片外滤波器的设计,有效地滤除了谐波(各阶谐波小于-69 dBc).最后采用2 μm GaAs HBT工艺F类对讲机功率放大器,经过对实际芯片的测试证明结果完全满足设计指标.     

一种新型单级PFC拓扑及控制方式研究

提出了一种基于桥式逆变电路的新型单级功率因数校正变换器的电路拓扑。详细分析了其工作原理及控制方式;研究了该电路拓扑的输入、输出性能指标及其与控制参数之间的关系。通过对实验样机的设计和仿真分析表明,运用该电路拓扑的实验装置,其功率因数较高,输入电流的总谐波畸变较低,输出电压纹波小。