The influence of the fabrication process on the buckling of thin-walled steel box sections

Steel box sections are usually fabricated from flat plates which are welded at the corners. The welding process can introduce residual stresses and geometric imperfections into the sections which can influence their strength. For some thin-walled sections, large periodic geometric imperfections have been observed in manufactured sections. Subsequent investigations have indicated that the imperfections are in fact buckling deformations i.e. the box section has buckled due to welding residual stresses prior to any application of external load. The welding procedure and the behaviour of the box sections under load has been modelled using a finite element analysis that accounts for both geometric and material non-linearities. Tests have been carried out on box sections with a range of width to thickness ratios for the plate elements. Modelling has been shown to give good correlation with the test results. The conditions for buckling to take place as a result of the welding process have been established. A design method has been proposed.     

高雷诺数下双圆柱绕流的数值模拟

本文使用表面涡法研究高雷诺数下不同排列方式双圆柱绕流的流动状态，计算了双圆柱在并列、串列及级列的情况下的各种流动结构，涡街的变化及作用在圆柱上的受力情况。本文结果清楚地描述了双圆柱绕流复杂的流动状况，计算结果与实验显示的流动状况十分相似，斯特罗哈数和阻力系数与实验结果符合得很好。     

OSCILLATION AMPLITUDE OF THE FREE END OF A FLEXIBLY MOUNTED RIGID CYLINDER IN TRIANGLE ARRANGEMENT

In this paper,the oscillation amplitude of the free end of a group of threecylinders are studied.The three cylinders are erected at the vertices of an equilateral trian-gle,and three arrangements are made in this study.One of the three cylinders is served asa working cylinder which is mounted by a flexible cantilever and two accelerometers areattached on the free end in two directions.The results of the three-cylinder arrangementare compared with those of two cylinders in tandem/side-by-side arrangement in the samecondition.The experimental results show that the rear cylinder of a group of three cylin-ders is affected more seriously than that of the corresponding two cylinders in the contrastarrangement.The main direction of oscillation is changed.The transversal oscillation isstronger than the longitudinal oscillation in the three-cylinder arrangement.On the con-trary,the transversal oscillation is much weaker than the longitudinal oscillation in two-cylinder arrangement.The largest transversal oscillat     

A micromechanics model for the prediction of static strength of off-axis unidirectional laminates

In this paper a micromechanics model using the concentric cylinder assemblage model and the Mori-Tanaka average stress scheme is used to predict the static strength of unidirectional angle ply laminates. The predicted strengths agree with experimental results for Glass/Epoxy and Graphite/Epoxy systems.     

专家系统应用于锅炉分气缸的设计和选型

基于专家系统的基本理论 ,根据锅炉分气缸设计、选型的特点和现场的实际条件 ,开发了锅炉分气缸设计、选型专家系统。该系统采用VisualC ++语言编程 ,模块结构 ,图形化用户界面等     

Criteria of dynamic buckling estimation of thin-walled structures

The paper deals with dynamic buckling of thin-walled structures (plates and beam-columns with open cross-section) subjected to compressive rectangular pulse loading. The local, global and interactive dynamic buckling was analysed. Author proposes the new criterion for critical amplitude of pulse loading leading to stability loss. The proposed criterion is a modification of quasi-bifurcation criterion formulated by Kleiber, Kotula and Saran. Results obtained using proposed criterion were compared with other well-known criteria (Volmir (V) and Budiansky–Hutchinson (B–H) criterion).     

Digital Twin-driven machining process for thin-walled part manufacturing

Thin-walled parts are widely used in the aerospace, shipbuilding, and automotive industry, but due to its unique structure and high accuracy requirements, which leads to an increase in scrapped parts, high cost in production, and a more extended period in the trial machining process. However, to adapt to fast production cycles and increase the efficiency of thin-walled parts machining, this paper presents a Digital Twin-driven thin-walled part manufacturing framework to allow the machine operator to manage the product changes, make the start-up phases faster and more accurate. The framework has three parts: preparation, machining, and measurement, driven by Digital Twin technologies in detail. By establishing and updating the workpiece Digital Twin under a different status, various manufacturing information and data can be integrated and available to machine operators and other Digital Twins. It can serve as a guideline for establishing the machine tool and workpiece Digital Twin and integrating them into the machining process. It provides the machine operator opportunities to interact with both the physical manufacturing process and its digital data in real-time. The digital representation of the physical process can support them to manage the trial machining from different aspects. In addition, a demonstrative case study is presented to explain the implementation of this framework in a real manufacturing environment.     

薄壁压力容器筒体纵焊缝角变形对应力的影响

提出压力容器简体纵焊缝产生角变形的模型。用简明的解析方法和有限元方法,探讨由变形引起的应力集中系数K_(ta)。结果表明,利用应力集中系数估算焊缝棱角对应力的影响是较合实际的,其公式为:K_(ta)=1+6E/S,式中E为棱角度,S为筒体壁厚。     

内孤立波环境下柱体的受力特性

针对以往孤立波对柱体作用研究多只针对柱体的整体受力开展,少有研究精细获取柱体不同部位受力特性的问题,借助三维大涡模拟(LES)数值波浪水槽,通过提取柱周流场及压强分布,得到柱体所受压差阻力及黏滞力的垂向分布,对柱体在孤立波环境中的受力特性进行了分析,并采用多元线性回归分析,构造综合影响参数分析了柱体受力特性,构建了柱体受力系数经验表达式。结果表明:上下层水体中方柱所受压差阻力约分别为圆柱的1.5倍和3.5倍;作用于柱体上的黏滞力比压差阻力小1或2个数量级,可忽略流体的黏性效应;综合影响参数与相对波幅正相关,与上下水深比负相关。     

Method for calculating dynamic yield stress of fresh cement pastes using a coaxial cylinder system

The calculation of the rheological parameters of fresh cement pastes plays a key role in understanding the rheology of cement-based mixes. Because cement paste is not a simple Bingham fluid, a suitable nonlinear model must be found for characterizing its flow. A test system in which the rotational speed or shear rate can be changed in multiple steps is regarded as a suitable rheological test protocol because the paste reaches a steady state. Furthermore, theoretical derivations show that the solution of the Couette inverse problem corresponding to the modified Bingham model and the Herschel–Bulkley (H-B) model is complex. However, a comparative analysis revealed that the yield stress of fresh paste could easily be obtained through a calculation process based on a Parabolic model. This study presents the complete calculation procedure for this model. The influence of the plug flow is considered, and test points with low minimum shear stress (τ_min) are excluded. Finally, the accuracy of the proposed method is verified through comparisons with the results obtained using mini-cone slump tests. These results show that the dynamic yield stress calculated using the expression of the Couette inverse problem based on the Parabolic model in consideration of the plug flow is very close to the yield stress obtained using the mini-cone slump flow test. This proves that the proposed method could precisely characterize the dynamic yield stress of cement pastes.