天然气制乙炔装置火炬点火系统的工艺改进

对天然气制乙炔装置火炬点火系统改进前后的优缺点进行对比,并论述了火炬点火系统改进的方法与成功经验。     

Limiting Phenomena in the Reaction of Fluorine with Hydrogen

Reactions involving energy branching and deceleration by the end product were studied using as an example the reaction of fluorine with hydrogen. It has been shown that for such reactions, entrance into the autoignition region determined by static conditions (reagent concentration, pressure, and temperature) due to variation in the pressure of the mixture may be or may not be accompanied by mixture autoignition. The parameter determining the behavior of a particular mixture is the rate of variation in the mixture pressure. A process of fast (in the range of seconds) preparation of fluorocarbon mixtures with minimal yield of hydrogen fluoride is substantiated.     

脱氯剂的工业应用

应用脱氯剂是解决炼油二次加工装置氯腐蚀问题的最有效措施之一。对脱氯剂工业应用中的一系列问题进行了探讨与剖析，尤其对脱氯剂自燃的原因进行了分析并提出了相应的预防措施。     

Autoignition Parameters and Detonation Critical Diameter of Hexanitromannite

The dependence of the ignition delay of hexanitromannite on the initial temperature was determined experimentally. The detonation critical diameter of cast hexanitromannite and its solutions in nitroglycol and nitroglycerine were measured.     

半封闭狭窄通道内甲烷/空气预混火焰传播不稳定性实验研究

针对贫油预混预蒸发燃烧室主燃级中横喷液雾现象进行研究,综合考虑RP-3航空煤油横喷液雾的雾化、蒸发和自燃过程构建自燃预测模型,基于CH基团随时间的变化规律对自燃延迟时间进行预测。结合试验测试结果对模型进行校验,并进一步分析温度、压力、流速、射流动量比等变量对自燃延迟时间的影响规律。结果表明：对于直射式喷嘴形成的横喷液雾,其下游的油气分布主要受射流动量比和流动速度的影响,射流动量比决定了液雾的总体油气比,流动速度则主要影响液滴的粒径及其蒸发时间;随着压力、射流动量比及气流速度的增加,自燃延迟时间均会缩短,相比于预混燃料液雾的自燃延迟时间受负温度效应的影响较弱。     

The catalytically supported combustor for lean mixtures

This study aims to investigate advantages that the catalytically supported combustor can have. A catalytic combustor was prepared which consisted of a catalyst bed and a thermal combustor downstream of the catalyst bed. The catalyst bed consisted of two stages, a Pd catalyst in the first stage and a Pt catalyst in the second stage. The results showed that the catalytically supported combustion had some advantages. One of them was that autoignition occurred in the thermal combustor so that an igniter was not necessary to start flame ignition. Another was that the catalytically supported combustor offered stable combustion for lean mixtures. NO_x emissions were low because of the stable lean combustion. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

盐酸合成炉自动点火与连锁控制系统

介绍了盐酸合成炉自动点火系统的组成,分析了自动点火系统各点火阶段的控制时序,并结合自动点火系统的特点,阐述了DCS连锁控制系统的设计思路。     

铜山铜矿井下采场硫化矿石自燃的机理探讨及预防措施

上世纪90年代铜陵有色金属公司铜山矿多次发生采场内矿石自燃事故,给矿山安全生产带来一系列问题,并造成巨大经济损失。为寻求预防措施,综合分析采场内矿石氧化、自燃、燃烧三个阶段的一系列物理、化学变化和特点,考查采场燃烧的影响因素,提出预防措施。实践证明,效果比较明显。     

Ignition of turbulent non-premixed flames

The initiation of turbulent non-premixed combustion of gaseous fuels through autoignition and through spark ignition is reviewed, motivated by the increasing relevance of these phenomena for new combustion technologies. The fundamentals of the associated turbulent-chemistry interactions are emphasized. Background information from corresponding laminar flow problems, relevant turbulent combustion modelling approaches, and the ignition of turbulent sprays are included. For both autoignition and spark ignition, examination of the reaction zones in mixture fraction space is revealing. We review experimental and numerical data on the stochastic nature of the emergence of autoignition kernels and of the creation of kernels and subsequent flame establishment following spark ignition, aiming to reveal the particular facet of the turbulence causing the stochasticity. In contrast to fully-fledged turbulent combustion where the effects of turbulence on the reaction are reasonably well-established, at least qualitatively, here the turbulence can cause trends that are not straightforward.     

A review of spray ignition phenomena: Present status and future research

Theoretical and experimental studies dealing with the spray ignition phenomena are reviewed. Two major topics covered are external-source ignition of liquid fuel sprays and spontaneous spray ignition. Experimental and theoretical investigations of external-source ignition of sprays employing different configurations are discussed first. Three major topics included here are: (i) ignition of quiescent and flowing fuel sprays; (ii) ignition of monodisperse and polydisperse sprays; and (iii) ignition of single-component and multicomponent fuel sprays. Then, experimental studies of autoignition of sprays employing constant-volume enclosures, injection in a uniform air flow, and shock tube techniques, are discussed. Theoretical investigations dealing with spray autoignition phenomena range from phenomenological models to one-dimensional numerical models using global one-step as well as detailed multistep chemistry, and to multidimensional simulations with reduced mechanisms. These models are also discussed in the review. Finally, some advanced topics which are common to both external-source ignition and spontaneous ignition are identified and discussed. An attempt is made to provide a common link between the three dominant ignition modes in sprays, namely individual droplet ignition, droplet cluster ignition, and spray ignition. In a similar manner, common features of external-source ignition and spontaneous ignition of sprays are identified. A general spray ignition model along with important numerical and physical issues are presented. The effect of pressure on spray ignition processes is also discussed. Potential topics for further research are suggested.