Mechanical properties of composites from sawdust and recycled plastics

Mechanical properties of wood plastic composites (WPCs) manufactured from sawdust and virgin and/or recycled plastics, namely high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP), were studied. Sawdust was prepared from beech industrial sawdust by screening to the desired particle size and was mixed with different virgin or recycled plastics at 50% by weight fiber loading. The mixed materials were then compression molded into panels. Flexural and tensile properties and impact strength of the manufactured WPCs were determined according to the relevant standard specifications. Although composites containing PP (virgin and recycled) exhibited higher stiffness and strength than those made from HDPE (virgin and recycled), they had lower unnotched impact strengths. Mechanical properties of specimens containing recycled plastics (HDPE and PP) were statistically similar and comparable to those of composites made from virgin plastics. This was considered as a possibility to expand the use of recycled plastics in the manufacture of WPCs. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3641–3645, 2006     

Effects of compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust content on the mechanical,morphological, and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend

This article aimed to investigate the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend with and without the addition of compatibilizers. The effects of LDPE content, compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust loading on the properties of the blend were evaluated. The experimental results suggested that as the LDPE content was increased the mechanical properties of PVC‐LDPE blend progressively decreased due to poor interfacial adhesion. The continuity and compatibility between PVC and LDPE phases could be improved through three different types of compatibilizers which included chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) poly(methyl‐methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate) (PA20) and poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylate) (Elvaloy). The PA20 was found to be the most suitable compatibilizer for the blend. A radical transfer reaction was proposed in this work to explain the structure and thermal changes of the PVC in PVC‐LDPE blend. The decomposition temperature of PVC in the blend decreased with the loading of the PA20 and the wood sawdust. As the sawdust content was increased the tensile and flexural moduli increased with considerable decreased in the tensile, flexural and impact strength, a slight improvement being achieved if the PA20 was incorporated in the composite. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 598–606, 2006     

木屑生物质活性炭脱除气体SO2的实验研究

以木屑作为制备生物质活性炭的原料,对比研究未改性、采用氨水和NaOH活化对SO2吸附性能的影响,以探讨木屑生物制活性炭对SO2吸附的可行性。研究结果表明随着吸附时间的增加,未活化的、氨水活化以及NaOH活化的木屑炭对SO2的吸附量都增加;活化后的木屑炭吸附SO2的性能比未活化的木屑炭要好;NaOH活化的木屑炭比氨水活化的木屑炭吸附SO2能力强,NaOH比氨水的活化效果更好。采用生物质活性炭来吸附烧结烟气中的SO2是可行的。     

松木屑与褐煤共热解特性及动力学分析

利用热重分析仪对松木屑及褐煤进行共热解实验研究,考察了掺混比对共热解特性的影响,利用过渡态理论计算了共热解动力学参数,并分析了共热解过程的协同性.结果表明:共热解DTG曲线存在两个失重峰,分别对应松木屑和褐煤的热解,木屑加掺混比例增大,失重峰对应的温度升高;松木屑与褐煤共热解比褐煤单独热解更容易发生,且共热解高温段的反应比低温段复杂;在共热解的第三阶段存在有利的协同效应,且在掺混比例为50％时协同性最强.     

用竹子制浆备料废弃物生产竹塑复合材料

利用竹子制浆备料废弃物竹屑与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)生产竹塑复合材料,竹屑、塑料、助剂的质量分数分别为70％、25％、5％.通过测试,竹塑复合材料的线膨胀率和线收缩率大小的变化规律均为厚度方向＞宽度方向＞长度方向,产品其他指标均能满足用户在室内外的装饰、装修使用要求,可实现竹材加工企业对废弃物竹屑变废为宝、发展循环经济的目标.     

Emissions from sawdust in packed moving bed dryers and subsequent pellet production

This study quantifies emissions of hydrocarbon terpenes from the drying of sawdust in packed moving bed dryers, through the production chain to the finished pellets, and determines the parameters suitable for emission control. The terpene content in softwood sawdust and pellets was analyzed using gas chromatography. The distribution of VOC emissions over the bed was measured with a flame ionization detector. After drying, 30–40% of the initial terpenes remain in the wood, 20–30% remain after grinding, and 10–15% remain after pelleting. Dryer emissions correlate with residence time and final sawdust moisture content. Pellet press emissions correlate with pellet moisture content.     

木屑还原浸出低品位软锰矿制备硫酸锰工艺研究

对湖北某地低品位软锰矿还原浸出工艺进行了研究,利用当地丰富的农林资源,以木屑作为还原剂,在硫酸存在下还原浸出软锰矿,通过正交实验和单因素实验对浸锰工艺条件进行了研究。结果表明,该工艺使用添加剂,可较大程度提高浸锰速率,相关的浸出影响因素优化条件为:浸锰温度为90℃,硫酸质量分数为25%,浸锰时间为1.5 h,木屑和添加剂用量分别为软锰矿投加量的20%和2%(均为质量分数)。在此条件下,锰的浸出率可达98%以上,硫酸锰纯度达98.2%。     

An approach to textile dye removal using sawdust from Aspidosperma polyneuron

The textile industry is responsible for discarding wastewater contaminated with dyes. The timber industry generates waste in the form of sawdust. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the adsorptive potential of sawdust obtained from the Aspidosperma polyneuron tree for the removal of the textile dye from wastewater. Sawdust was subjected to different pre-treatments (acid, alkaline and polyethyleneimine) in order to increase its adsorption capacity. Based on the results from the isotherms, treatment with polyethyleneimine (PEI) led to the greatest adsorption capacity and fits the Freundlich model, indicating cooperative adsorption. Other treatments with sawdust best fit the Langmuir model, but the untreated sawdust presented better results than the treated sawdust. These results were only surpassed by sawdust treated with PEI. A. polyneuron revealed good potential for use as an adsorbent to remove dyes, which is a novel result, since to date there is no study on its use as a sorbent material.     

改性木屑处理六价铬的研究

利用甲醛和硝酸对木屑进行改性,得到甲醛改性木屑和硝酸改性木屑,并比较了2种改性木屑对铬(Ⅵ)的吸附能力,同时探讨了木屑用量、酸度、铬(Ⅵ)的初始质量浓度、时间等因素对吸附效果的影响,废水铬离子的质量浓度为100mg/L时,最佳吸附条件为:pH值1.0,木屑用量1.5g/15mL,吸附时间60min。用2种改性木屑处理含铬(Ⅵ)废水,都取得满意的效果,吸附率达到99.9%。