CONDENSING HEAT TRANSFER IN AN ADVANCED TWO-PHASE CLOSED THERMOSYPHON

1 INTRODUCTIONClosed thermosyphon has been developed to enhance heat transfer and recover wasteheat in various process industries [1,2].Stimulated by this success,a new type oftwo-phase closed thermosyphon was designed by inserting respectively two inner tubesinto the thermosyphon,one in the boiling section and the other in the condensing sec-tion.The two-phase flow boiling heat transfer coefficient was calculated successfully onthe basis of Chen's dual-mechanism [3].A boiling heat transfer model for thetwo-phase closed thermosyphon with an inner tube in the boiling section was pro-     

同轴型热虹吸系统轴向传热特性实验研究

对一种用于冷中子源系统的自然循环进行了轴向传热特性研究,建立了以氟里昂为工质的同轴型热虹吸管传热实验系统。研究表明:同轴型热虹吸系统可强化轴向热传输能力,其传热工况有过冷沸腾流动振荡工况、稳定工况和烧干工况3类。在低功率区,过冷沸腾和携带机制造成启动过程的两相流振荡;进入稳定工况区后,系统具有自调适能力,能够维持恒定的循环质量流率;在高功率区,蒸发器烧干产生传热极限。本研究显示出同轴型热虹吸系统的动力特性与普通自然循环系统有明显区别,其循环机制与普通热虹吸系统有本质区别。     

机械制冷/回路热管一体式机房空调系统研究

降低数据中心冷却系统能耗,已成为节能减排的迫切要求。热管自然冷却是降低这一能耗的有效方法之一。为解决热管自然冷却在炎热季节需要机械制冷辅助的问题,进一步提升热管自然冷却的节能潜力,本文提出一种新型机械制冷/回路热管一体式机房空调系统。利用三介质换热器将机械制冷回路和回路热管耦合起来,实现了二者的同时或单独工作,避免了现有系统依赖电磁阀切换带来的可靠性隐患。利用焓差实验台对系统性能进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,系统最佳充液率为100%左右。三个工作模式均具备良好的制冷能力,热管模式EER值在20℃温差下达20.8。以济南地区的数据中心为例进行了全年能耗计算,计算结果表明这一新型系统与传统空调系统相比节能40%,有着良好的应用前景。     

两相热虹吸循环蒸发侧传热模型比较

两相热虹吸换热器在工业领域应用广泛,其制冷剂内侧的传热过程是热虹吸管设计的基础。然而由于沸腾传热和两相流动的复杂性,基于实验的经验传热模型各自差异很大且适用范围有限,给热虹吸管建模时传热模型选取带来了一定的困难。建立了稳态两相热虹吸循环分布式参数模型,利用5篇文献中4种工质共424个热虹吸管传热实验数据点,对热虹吸管中常用的7种传热模型进行比较评价,为模型选取提供参考。结果发现:Kandlikar流动沸腾模型和Rahmatollah拟合的热虹吸管传热模型模拟精度最好,推荐使用;Cooper池沸腾也有较好的精度,说明核态沸腾在热虹吸管传热中占主导地位; Gungor and Winterton、Liu and Winterton等常用的流动沸腾模型模拟精度差别不大,误差尚可接受;Imura池沸腾模型不适用于热虹吸管传热模拟。     

多年冻土区宽幅公路路基降温效果研究——一种L型热管–块碎石护坡复合路基

为维护多年冻土区宽幅高等级公路的热稳定性及保护下伏冻土,提出了一种 L 型热管–块碎石护坡保温板复合路基。为研究这种新型路基的降温效果,进行了室内模型试验,试验结果初步证明了这种路基的有效降温能力。为研究这种新型路基的长期效果,采用相关理论,结合室内模型试验的结果,依据青藏高原多年冻土区宽幅高等级公路的气温和地质条件,利用数值方法对有无 L 型热管的块碎石护坡保温板复合路基的温度特征进行了分析和比较。结果表明：在年平均气温为 - 4.0 ℃的青藏高原多年冻土区,考虑未来 50 a 气温上升 2.6 ℃的条件下,新的复合路基能够从整体上有效降低路基下土体的温度,确保高温多年冻土区宽幅高等级公路路基的热稳定性。     

A waste heat recovery system development and analysis using ORC for the energy efficiency improvement in aluminium electrolysis cells

The present work investigates an active waste heat recovery system for the side walls of the aluminium electrolysis cells, enabling utilization of the extracted heat in power generation. This will potentially lead to energy efficiency improvement in the primary aluminium production industry and an enhanced aluminium production rate. An experimentally validated loop thermosyphon heat pipe model was used for heat extraction from the cell side wall. Boosting system thermal efficiency through waste heat recovery, by means of a heat utilization system, and increasing the level of control, as well as thermal equilibrium, stand as the main addressed objectives of the current study, which consequently result in an increased aluminium production rate. An organic Rankine cycle is incorporated into the system, and its performance is evaluated, taking into consideration the operating situations in terms of available temperature and thermal power range.     

小型吸收式制冷热虹吸泵的正交试验设计

热虹吸泵是小型无泵溴化锂吸收式制冷机的核心部件,对制冷机的运行及工作性能起关键影响。本文根据溴化锂吸收式制冷循环的设计要求,以热虹吸泵理论模型和性能模拟结果为指导,进行了热虹吸泵沿程加热可视化试验装置的方案设计和部件设计,搭建并调试成功试验装置。采用正交试验法研究加热量、系统压力和沉浸比等因素对热虹吸泵提升性能的影响,分析得知,对于热虹吸泵提升性能影响最大的因素是加热量,次要影响因素是系统压力,沉浸比对其影响最小。     

Cooling load reduction of building by seasonal nocturnal cooling water from thermosyphon heat pipe radiator

In this study, a concept of using thermosyphon heat pipe to extract heat from water in a storage tank to generate cooling water was proposed. Heat pipe condenser was attached with an aluminum plate and acted as a thermal radiator while its evaporator was dipped in the water storage tank. Cooling water in the tank could be produced during the nighttime and used to serve the cooling load in a room during the daytime. A heat transfer model to calculate the water temperature and the room temperature during both the nighttime and daytime was developed. The input data were ambient temperature, dew point temperature, area of the radiator, volume of cooling water and room cooling load. The experiment was setup to verify the heat transfer model. A 9.0 m² tested room with six cooling coils, each of 0.87 m² was installed at the ceiling, was constructed along with the 1.0 m³ water storage tank. A 500–2000 W adjustable heater was taken as an artificial load inside the room. A 6.36 m² radiator is installed on a 45° tilting roof of the tested room. The simulated results agreed very well with those of the experimental data. With the developed model, a simulation to find the sizing of the radiator area and the volume of cooling water for cooling water production during winter of Chiang Mai, Thailand was carried out. The cooling water was used for cooling during summer in an air‐conditioned room with different cooling loads. The parameters in terms of room temperature, radiator area, volume of cooling water, cooling load and UA of cooling coil were considered to carry out the percent of cooling load reduction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

切向漩流半开式热管稳态传热性能的实验研究

为了强化半开式热管的传热效果，提出了一种在半开式热管凝结段的侧端切向对称开孔的方法.通
过改变侧端切向开口的位置和侧端切向开口孔径的大小，研究了切向漩流半开式热管的沸腾换热和凝结换
热特性，以及这种结构的变化对切向漩流半开式热管总体传热性能的影响.实验结果表明，沸腾段的换热
系数随着开孔的相对位置增大而降低，随着侧端开口直径的增大而增大；开孔相对位置在30％～50％时，
凝结换热系数较低；凝结换热系数随侧端开口直径的增大而增大，侧端开孔相对位置越小，侧端开口直径
越大，总体传热性能越好.     

低温热虹吸管群加固寒区建筑地基的分析计算

通过理论分析和数值模拟的方法计算了在不同排列形式下,低温热虹吸管群的传热能力和地基土体温度场.分析结果表明:在其它工况相同的条件下,不同的排列形式会引起单根热虹吸管传输功率的变化,从而对地层的温度场(既加固效果)产生影响。研究结果对寒区工程地基加固时的热虹吸管排列优化有一定的意义。