Parents,pre‐schoolers and learning with technology at home: some implications for policy

Schemes that seek to ensure that children have access to technology at home have, so far, been aimed at children over the age of 8. However, there is likely to be an increasing policy interest in extending similar schemes to pre‐school children given widespread commitment to the value of early intervention in children's education and family life. We draw on three research studies conducted by the authors to discuss the range of technologies that children encounter at home, the different forms their learning takes and family support for learning. We use these findings to provide starting points for considering the implementation of similar schemes for pre‐school children and their parents in the future, identifying several questions to consider when developing policy on home access to technology for pre‐schoolers: which technologies are most appropriate? Will access to technology at home lead to increased use? What roles do parents play in supporting learning? Which forms of learning are most likely to be promoted?     

设计洪水估计值的抽样误差分析与应用

在设计洪水估计值的抽样误差分析中,采用B值诺模图方法估计均方误差简单易用。文章对在水电工程中经常采用的P-Ⅲ型经验适线法估计的设计洪水成果如何借助优化适线法参数来估算设计洪水值的抽样误差进行了分析说明。不同的优化适线法会得到不同的诺模系数B,估算设计洪水估计值的抽样误差时,选用某一准则的优化适线要使用相应的诺模系数B值。并分别对实测洪水的连序系列及含历史洪水的不连序系列资料进行了应用分析。     

厦门大学嘉庚建筑90年

基于地域性建筑理论,从总体布局、形式表征、功能空间、材料细部四方面入手,对厦门大学嘉庚建筑90年发展历程的三个重要阶段进行系统的研究。首先追寻其1920年代闽南传统石文化融入西洋建筑样式的历程;进而分析其1950年代闽南传统红砖文化融入南洋与西洋建筑样式的历程;最后研究1990年代末以来的建设如何传承“嘉庚建筑”的优秀文脉,创造具有时代活力的新建筑．为当代地域建筑文化的繁荣提供理论支持与借鉴。     

油田有载调容变压器节能控制系统的开发

本文针对变压器在抽油机需要起动时提供大的电磁容量．在正常运行时提供小的电磁容量这现象，提出了经理论计算优化变压器的铁心和绕组结构，并采用PLC自动控制有载调容开关，实现有载调容和无功补偿的配电变压器节能控制系统。     

Finding Benefit in Breast Cancer During the Year After Diagnosis Predicts Better Adjustment 5 to 8 Years After Diagnosis.

Cancer patients experience positive as well as adverse consequences from diagnosis and treatment. The study reported here examined longer term reverberations of such experiences. A set of benefit-finding items along with measures of well-being were completed by 230 early-stage breast cancer patients in the year postsurgery. Four to 7 years later, 96 of them again completed measures of well-being. Controlling for initial distress and depression, initial benefit finding in this sample predicted lower distress and depression at follow-up. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

上海市诺如病毒感染性腹泻疾病负担的评估

目的对上海市诺如病毒感染性腹泻的疾病负担进行综合评估,为管理部门制定预防和控制诺如病毒感染的措施提供依据。方法结合上海市哨点医院诺如病毒感染性腹泻监测和诺如病毒感染暴发事件报告,采用伤残调整寿命年(DALYs)、发病率、就诊率和住院率等指标对上海市诺如病毒感染性腹泻的疾病负担进行评估。结果 2015年上海市感染性腹泻发病人数为483.05万人,其中诺如病毒感染性腹泻的发病人数为123.23万人,住院病例为370人,所产生的疾病负担为2 938.98 DALYs,即0.12 DALYs/千人。结论上海市诺如病毒感染性腹泻的疾病负担相对较高,需要加强预防控制。     

抚河中下游流域缺水情况及典型年研究

抚河水量支撑着抚河流域的用水安全,尤其是人口密集、工农业较为发达的抚河中下游流域。通过对水文资料以及其他资料的整理分析,当前抚河中下游流域的缺水干旱呈现以下情况:近10 a来的降雨量有所偏少,干旱缺水频发;年内枯水期和后汛期(农业用水高峰期)均出现缺水问题;持续的社会发展使得对用水的需求保持高位,水资源供需问题不容乐观;年内最低水位下降的现象反映缺水干旱问题有所加重;流域内水利工程调节能力有所提高,但仍显不足。另外,对缺水期抚河径流量和降雨量进行频率分析,分别得出了频率曲线和典型年,2种方法得出的规律较为一致,因土壤前期含水量差异的原因,部分典型年有所差异。     

一般大气环境下混凝土强度经时变化模型

长期暴露试验和经年建筑物实测是研究混凝土强度经时变化规律的二个主要途径。本文在总结国内外暴露试验和实测结果的基础上，分析了一般大气环境下混凝土强度的经时变化规律，利用统计回归方法提出了混凝土强度平均值和标准差的经时变化数学模型，为进一步研究服役结构抗力变化规律奠定了基础。     

小浪底水库泥沙多年调节的减淤效果初步研究

由于黄河水沙条件的变化,三门峡水库“蓄清排浑”运用经验的局限性表现得更为突出。从黄河下游河道输沙、防洪和水充分利用出发,小浪底水库应采取泥沙多年调节的运用方式,平水枯水年蓄水拦沙运用,丰水年集中泄空冲刷产生高含沙洪水,塑造窄深河槽改造高村以上宽浅河道,利用窄保河槽输送高含沙洪水入海,计算结果表明对黄河下游减效果显著,并可大量节省输沙用水。     

Assessing the risk of climate change for buildings: A comparison between multi-year and probabilistic reference year simulations

Given a changing climate, there is a need to provide data for future years so that practicing engineers can investigate the impact of climate change on particular designs and examine any risk the client might be exposed to. In addition, such files are of use to building scientists in developing generic solutions to problems such as elevated internal temperatures and poor thermal comfort. With the release of the UK Climate Projections (UKCP09) [1], and the publication of a methodology for the creation of probabilistic future reference years using the UKCP09 weather generator [2], it is possible to model future building performance. However, the collapse of the distribution of possibilities inherent in the UKCP09 method into a single reference year or a small number of reference years, potentially means the loss of most of the information about the potential range of the response of the building and of the risk occupants might be subject to. In this paper we model for the first time the internal conditions and energy use of a building with all 3000 example years produced by the UKCP09 weather generator in an attempt to study the full range of response and risk. The resultant histograms and cumulative distribution functions are then used to examine whether single reference years can be used to answer questions about response and risk under a changing climate, or whether a more probabilistic approach is unavoidable.