青铜表面膜的红外光谱和原子力显微镜分析

用红外反射光谱(FTIR)研究青铜在含有AMT的ACN水溶液(pH=2 2)中形成的膜,发现在青铜表面上只形成Cu(I)AMT络合物膜。并用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察其膜的微观形貌,结果表明:膜是致密平整的,且膜厚约为10nm左右,是非电子导体膜。     

几种丁二烯抽提技术的比较

根据上海石洞口煤气制气有限公司利用现有资源及设施条件,拟建一套24kt/a丁二烯抽提装置,通过对DMF,NMP和ACN法进行比较,并结合企业实际情况,推荐采用DMF法。     

国内外丁二烯抽提技术的比较

根据广州石化60万t/a乙烯改扩建的裂解C4产量及现有加工能力，需要新建一套13．5万t/a丁二烯抽提装置。通过对国内外的二甲基甲酰胺法、乙腈法、N-甲基吡咯烷酮法工艺路线进行技术比较，为分公司乙烯改扩建技术、商务谈判和确定最终的专利技术提供依据。     

Inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme by wheat gliadin hydrolysates

A tryptic gliadin hydrolysate was fractionated into peptide fractions, which were assigned to either the central domain (CD) or terminal domains (TD) of gliadins. The domains were expected to contain amino acid (AA) sequences which, when released from the parent protein, inhibit the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), which plays a key role in regulating blood pressure. A proline (Pro) poor TD related fraction, containing the smallest peptides, showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 0.33 mg/ml). Additional peptidases were selected based on their in silico predicted ability to release ACE inhibitory peptides. Further hydrolysis of the tryptic hydrolysate fractions with thermolysin, Clarex, Alcalase and Esperase increased ACE inhibitory activities. Immobilised Ni²⁺-ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) purification of a TD related peptide fraction obtained by sequential hydrolysis with trypsin and thermolysin yielded a fraction with an IC₅₀ value of 0.02 mg/ml. This IMAC fraction was enriched in histidine and hydrophobic AA (Pro, Val, Ile, Leu and Phe).     

Mycosporine-like amino acid composition of the edible red alga, Palmaria palmata (dulse) harvested from the west and east coasts of Grand Manan Island,New Brunswick

The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), antiproliferative activities and mycosporine-like amino acid (MAA) profiles of methanol extracts from two grades of dulse harvested from locations varying in UV-exposure (west vs east coasts of Grand Manan Island, NB) were determined in the present study. MAAs confirmed by LC/MS in both grades 1 (low-UV) and 2 (high-UV) dulse were palythine, shinorine, asterina-330, palythinol and porphyra-334; usujirene was present only in grade 2 dulse. ORAC values of grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts were 36.42 and 38.78 μmol Trolox/g extract. B16-F1 murine skin melanoma cell proliferation was inhibited (p < .05) by 68.5% and 91.9% by grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts at 6.0 mg/mL. The antiproliferative efficacy of grade 2 dulse was greater (p < .05) than grade 1 from 0.375 to 6.0 mg/mL. MAA differences between the grade 1 and 2 dulse extracts likely influenced the antiproliferative efficacies, despite the similar ORAC values.     

裂解碳五馏分分离ACN法和DMF法的技术经济对比

介绍了裂解碳五（C5）馏分分离萃取蒸馏技术乙腈抽提（ACN）法和二甲基甲酰胺抽提（DMF）法的工艺流程,分析对比了2种方法的技术特点、产品质量、操作参数、能耗物耗、经济效益等方面存在的共性和差异.结果表明,与DMF法相比,ACN法各塔系分离精度高、杂质含量低,异戊二烯收率高1％,在减少设备投资、节约维护和成本费用等方面的优势明显,综合能耗约降低11％,运行周期延长3倍以上.     

Food-compatible method for the efficient extraction and stabilization of cranberry pomace polyphenols

Cranberry pomace is a byproduct of cranberry processing and is comprised of seeds, skins and stems of the cranberry fruit. While cranberry pomace contains beneficial polyphenols, including proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins, it is not a palatable source of these compounds and is typically discarded. In this study, we have developed and optimized a method to extract polyphenols from cranberry pomace using aqueous ethanol, a food grade solvent. Biochemical characterization of the pomace extract showed the presence of a broad range of polyphenols also present in cranberry juice concentrate. By co-drying cranberry pomace extract with a protein-rich food matrix, such as soy protein isolate (SPI), we have developed a method to produce a cranberry polyphenol–SPI complex (CBP-SPI) containing 10% cranberry polyphenols. Unlike dried cranberry pomace extract alone, proanthocyanidins, anthocyanins and total polyphenols were found to be highly stable at 37 °C in the CBP-SPI powder. The extraction and stabilization of cranberry pomace polyphenols using SPI provides an innovative approach for utilizing pomace in the development of novel food ingredients.     

A Normalized Hydrophilic–Lipophilic Deviation Expression HLDN Is Necessary to Avoid Confusion Close to the Optimum Formulation of Surfactant-Oil–Water Systems

The physicochemical conditions to attain a minimum interfacial tension between oil and water were intensively studied in the 1970s when the chemical-enhanced oil recovery became an emergency with the increase in petroleum cost. Correlations between the formulation variables (salinity, oil nature, surfactant and co-surfactant nature, temperature, and pressure) required to attain a minimum interfacial tension or a three-phase behavior, so-called optimum formulation, were related to the chemical potential concept in the late 1970s. They were then transformed in a generalized hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD) expression in 2000. Some confusion in the ranking and classification of the surfactant parameters with different scales has occurred in recent years. The aim here is to propose a normalized HLD_N expression with the alkane carbon number (ACN) variable scale to clear up the current misunderstanding in the use of different HLD expressions. The use of a single HLD_N expression for all systems improves the prediction of formulation effects, but does not eliminate the limitations due to the partitioning of species in surfactant mixtures.     

Uptake of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in Brassica vegetables

Toxin-producing cyanobacterial species are increasingly being found in freshwater systems. However, literature on the impact of many cyanobacterial toxins on plants is scarce. Cylindrospermosin (CYN), a secondary metabolite of cyanobacteria such as Cylindrospermopsis and Aphanizomenon species, is a potent hepatotoxin and protein synthesis inhibitor. Worryingly, CYN is increasingly found in surface and drinking water worldwide causing human and animal intoxications. Further, exposure of crop plants to CYN by irrigation with contaminated water has already been shown. Therefore, in this study, horticulturally important and highly consumed Brassica species were investigated to determine the level of CYN in the leaves after exposure of the roots to the toxin. Treatment of Brassica oleracea var. sabellica, Brassica juncea, and Sinapis alba under varying experimental conditions showed significant CYN uptake, with CYN levels ranging from 10% to 21% in the leaves compared to the CYN concentration applied to the roots (18–35 μg/l). In seedlings, CYN concentrations of up to 49 μg/g fresh weight were observed. Thus, crop plants irrigated with CYN-containing water may represent a significant source of this toxin within the food chain.     

智能照明总线主流协议综述

在简介智能照明领域主流协议的基础上,重点论述DALI系统的通信原理,系统结构和功能.综合评述ACN、Art-net、DALI、EIB、C-Bus和Dynet这几种协议的技术特点和实际使用状况,并对各种协议的发展前景进行了评价.