Elucidation of colour development and microstructural characteristics of Allium sativum fumigated with acetic acid

It has been well known that the greening of Allium sativum cloves could be formed after immersed in acetic acid solution. Nonetheless, no investigation was reported on colour development of A. sativum in response to acetic acid vapour until now. In this study, the brief exposure of A. sativum to acetic acid vapour (200–400 ppm) was combined with controlled atmosphere (5%, 20% and 80% CO₂) packaging storage to break cell membrane and green garlic. The garlic bulbs were fumigated with acetic acid before controlled CO₂ atmosphere packaging for 25 days at 4 °C. Fumigation with 200 ppm acetic acid followed by high CO₂ atmosphere packaging (80% CO₂) facilitated the garlic greening. It was also verified that γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase was involved in garlic greening in present study, and the compromise of glacial acetic acid vapour fumigation and CO₂ gas atmosphere in package stored at low temperature could result in garlic greening as well.     

Characteristic Anthocyanin Pattern from Onions and other Allium spp

Three red onion (Allium cepa) cultivars, top onion (A. cepa var. vivi-parum), A. altaicum and chive (A. schoenoprasum) contained several or all of the following anthocyanins: 3-(6′-malonyl-3′-glucosylglucoside), 3-(3′,6′-dimalonylglucoside), 3-(6′-malonylglucoside), 3-(3′-malonyl-glucoside), 3-(3′-glucosylglucoside) and 3-glucoside of cyanidin. Trace amounts of two pelargonidin derivatives and the 3,5-diglucosides of cyanidin and peonidin were for the first time reported in red onion. Carbon NMR data showed that the sugars of the 3-(6′-malonyl-3′-glu-cosylglucoside), 3-(6′-malonylglucoside) and 3-glucoside of cyanidin were pyranoses. Substitution either by sugar or acid in the sugar 3-position of an anthocyanin has never been reported outside the genus Allium.     

Effect of coumarin and xanthotoxin on mitochondrial structure,oxygen uptake,and succinate dehydrogenase activity in onion root cells

At concentrations in which they occur on the plant surface and retard mitosis, coumarin and xanthotoxin lowered uptake of oxygen (by 60 and 30%, respectively) by meristematic cells ofAllium cepa root tips. They caused changes in the structure of the mitochondrial matrix to become dense, and protrusions of mitochondrial membranes were visible parallelling their hypertrophy, indicating alteration in the structure and physiology of these organelles. Coumarin and, to a lesser extent, xanthotoxin increased succinate dehydrogenase production in mitochondria and also in the cytoplasm, indicating changes in membrane permeability. Changes in oxygen uptake and mitochondrial structure, in addition to the retardation of mitosis, may be the reason these compounds act as allelochemicals after they have been removed from the plant surface and reach the root meristem.     

动态轴向压缩工业制备色谱分离丹参脂溶性单体化合物

通过HPLC优选提取溶剂,并结合TLC实验筛选得到合适的展开剂以及柱色谱分离条件。柱分离条件直接放大到动态轴向压缩工业制备色谱分离,建立了高纯度丹参脂溶性单体化合物工业化分离工艺。结果表明,二氯甲烷对丹参脂溶性化合物的提取率最高,优选的分离流动相为石油醚-二氯甲烷体系。最终制备得到4个丹参酮类化合物,其中BC-2、BC-4、D-2分别鉴定为纯度达98.5%的丹参酮ⅡA、96.2%的丹参酮Ⅰ以及97.8%的隐丹参酮,化合物的BC-3纯度为95.4%,结构需进一步鉴定。实验证明,动态轴向压缩制备色谱是一种天然活性成分制备的操作简单、分离周期短、效率高的分离设备。     

微波辅助萃取和气质联用技术测定洋葱中挥发性成分

利用微波辅助萃取洋葱中的挥发性成分,用气相色谱-质谱法联用技术进行定性分析,并按峰面积归一化法,求出挥发性化学成分的相对含量.共分离鉴定了31个化合物,占总挥发性成分的86.48%.洋葱中挥发性成分主要是醛类、酸类、甾醇类、烷烃类和杂环化合物,其中醛类、酸类、烷烃类含量较高.     

金莲花挥发油成分分析及其在卷烟加香中的应用

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏、同时蒸馏萃取、超声、闪式、先超声后同时蒸馏萃取、先闪式后同时蒸馏萃取6种提取方法提取金莲花挥发油,运用GC-MS分析挥发油的成分,并进行卷烟加香实验。结果表明:金莲花挥发油得率分别为0.20%、0.67%、2.31%、2.67%、0.82%、0.78%,分别鉴定出20、30、19、18、37、30种成分;其中,β-紫罗兰酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯等为主要的香气成分;超声和闪式提取方法虽然挥发油得率高,但是杂质也较多,先超声后同时蒸馏萃取的挥发油优于其他几种。在烟丝中,添加适量金莲花挥发油,能提高卷烟烟气的香气质和香气量,降低刺激性,改善余味,先超声后同时蒸馏萃取的挥发油加香效果最好。     

元宝枫的综合开发利用

综述了元宝枫的生长特性 ,分布 ;含有的营养成分 ,生物活性成分及其保健作用 ;生物活性成分提取方法 ;在食品、医药、化工行业上的开发和应用     

大蒜脱臭方法及其系列保健产品开发和利用

对大蒜（ＡｌｉｕｍＳａｔｉｖｕｍＬ．）采用加热、添加剂处理及加入矫味剂等方法进行了脱臭实验，利用定硫法测定了大蒜脱臭前后的蒜素含量，比较了不同脱臭方法的效果，并对大蒜脱臭系列保健产品的开发应用进行了初步研究。